Crinoid: Difference between revisions

'''Crinoids''' are marine invertebrates that make up the [[Class (biology)|class]] '''Crinoidea'''. Crinoids that areremain attached to the [[sea bottomfloor]] by a stalk in their juvenileadult form are commonly called '''sea lilies''', while the unstalked forms, called '''feather stars'''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gordon |first=D.P. |title=New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia |publisher=Canterbury University Press |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-877257-72-8 |location=Christchurch |pages=373}}</ref><ref name="INS-20230812">{{cite news |last1=McFall-Johnsen |first1=Morgan |last2=Lee |first2=Lloyd |title=Scientists found a new sea creature with 20 'arms' and named it after a strawberry |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/scientists-discover-new-species-of-feather-stars-with-20-arms-2023-8 |date=12 August 2023 |work=[[Insider (magazine)|Insider]] |url-status=live |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20230812155816/https://www.businessinsider.com/scientists-discover-new-species-of-feather-stars-with-20-arms-2023-8 |archivedate=12 August 2023 |accessdate=13 August 2023 }}</ref> or '''comatulids''', are members of the largest crinoid [[Order (biology)|order]], [[Comatulida]]. Crinoids are [[echinoderm]]s in the [[phylum]] [[Echinoderm]]ata, which also includes the [[starfish]], [[brittle star]]s, [[sea urchin]]s and [[sea cucumber]]s.<ref name=Ruppert/> They live in both shallow water<ref name="Zmarzly85">{{cite journal | url=https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/941 | title=The Shallow-Water Crinoid Fauna of Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands: Ecological Observations, Interatoll Comparisons, and Zoogeographic Affinities | author=Zmarzly, D.L. | journal=Pacific Science | year=1985 | volume=39 | pages=340–358| hdl=10125/941 }}</ref> and in depths as great as {{convert|9000|meters}}.<ref name="IzuDeep">{{cite journal | title=Discovery of Dense Aggregations of Stalked Crinoids in Izu-Ogasawara Trench, Japan | author=Oji, T. | author2=Ogawa, Y. | author3=Hunter, A. W. | author4=Kitazawa, K. | name-list-style=amp | journal=[[Zoological Science]] | year=2009 | volume=26 |issue = 6| pages=406–408 | doi=10.2108/zsj.26.406|pmid = 19583499| s2cid=5991969 | doi-access=free }}</ref>