Apple pie: Difference between revisions

| image = [[File:Apple_pieApple pie.jpg|200px]] [[File:Apple pie 14.jpg|200px]]

| alternate_name =

| region =

| creator =

| course =

| variations =

| other =

An '''apple pie''' is a fruit [[pie]] in which the principal filling ingredient is [[apple]]s. The earliest printed recipe is from [[England]].{{cn|date=March 2023}} Apple pie is often served with [[whipped cream]], [[ice cream]] ("apple pie [[à la mode]]"), [[custard]] or [[cheddar cheese]].<ref name=Atlas>{{cite news |last1=Waters |first1=Michael |title=The Long, Storied Controversy Over Cheese on Apple Pie |url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/cheese-apple-pie |access-date=11 June 2018 |work=Atlas Obscura |date=13 July 2017}}</ref> It is generally double-crusted, with pastry both above and below the filling; the upper crust may be solid or latticed (woven of crosswise strips). The bottom crust may be baked separately ("[[Blind-baking|blind]]") to prevent it from getting soggy. Deep-dish apple pie often has a top crust only. [[Tarte Tatin]] is baked with the crust on top, but served with it on the bottom.

AppleNoted first in the [[14th century]], apple pie isrecipes are a standard part of cuisines in many countries where apples grow. Apple pies are an unofficial [[National symbols of the United States|symbol of the United States]] and one of its signature [[comfort foods]].<ref name="Pinch" />

[[File:DutchHollandse Apple Pieappeltaart.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|A Dutch Appleapple pie with a lattice top layer Pie(''appeltaart'')]]

The [[Swedish cuisine|Swedish]] style apple pie is predominantly a variety of apple [[crumble]], rather than a traditional pastry pie. Often, breadcrumbs are used (wholly or partially) instead of flour, and sometimes rolled oats. It is usually flavoured with cinnamon and served with vanilla [[custard]] or ice cream. There is also a very popular version called {{Lang|sv|äppelkaka}} (apple cake), which differs from the pie in that it is a [[sponge cake]] baked with fresh apple pieces in it.

Apple pie was brought to the colonies by the [[English colonists|English]], the [[Dutch people|Dutch]], and the [[Swedes]] during the 17th and 18th centuries.{{cn|date=March 2023}} TheTwo recipes for apple pie hadappear toin waitAmerica's forfirst the planting of European varietiescookbook, brought across the ''[[AtlanticAmerican ocean|AtlanticCookery]],'' toby becomeAmelia fruit-bearing apple treesSimmons, towhich bewas selectedpublished forin their1796.[https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/what-americas-first-cookbook-says-about-our-country-its-cuisine-180967809/ cookingWhat qualitiesAmerica's asFirst thereCookbook wereSays noAbout nativeOur apples except [[crabapple]]s, which yield very smallCountry and sourIts fruit.<ref name=app>{{cite webCuisine]

|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080121045236/http://www.uga.edu/fruit/apple.html

|quote= The center of diversity of the genus Malus is the eastern Turkey, southwestern Russia region of Asia Minor. Apples were improved through selection over a period of thousands of years by early farmers. Alexander the Great is credited with finding dwarfed apples in Asia Minor in 300 BC; those he brought back to Greece may well have been the progenitors of dwarfing rootstocks. Apples were brought to North America with colonists in the 1600s, and the first apple orchard on this continent was said to be near Boston in 1625.<!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 21 January 2008}}</ref> In the meantime, the [[Colonial America|colonists]] were more likely to make their pies, or "[[Pasty|pasties]]", from meat, calling them [[coffins]] (meaning basket)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2012/06/19/155347648/five-facts-about-pie-that-might-surprise-you-and-a-survey|title=Five Facts About Pie That Might Surprise You, And A Survey|website=NPR|date=19 June 2012|last1=Fulton|first1=April}}</ref> rather than fruit; and the main use for apples, once they were available, was in [[cider]]. However, there are American apple pie recipes, both manuscript and printed, from the 18th century, and it has since become a very popular dessert.<ref name="Pinch">{{cite web |last1=D'Aiutolo |first1=Olivia |title=A Pinch of History: Amelia Simmons's Apple Pie |url=https://hsp.org/blogs/fondly-pennsylvania/a-pinch-of-history-amelia-simmonss-apple-pie |website=Fondly, Pennsylvania |publisher=Historical Society of Pennsylvania |access-date=11 June 2018 |date=17 August 2015}}</ref> Apple varieties are usually propagated by [[grafting]], as clones, but in the New World, planting from seeds was more popular, which quickly led to the development of hundreds of new native varieties.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usapple.org/consumers/all-about-apples/history-and-folklore/apples-in-america |title=Apples in America |access-date=2012-10-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028235409/http://www.usapple.org/consumers/all-about-apples/history-and-folklore/apples-in-america |archive-date=28 October 2012 |df=dmy }}</ref>

The mock apple pie, made from [[cracker (food)|crackers]], was probably invented for use aboard ships, as it was known to the British Royal Navy as early as 1812.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=The Naval Chronicle|date=1812|volume=28|page=61|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K085AQAAMAAJ&q=%22mock+apple%22|access-date=31 August 2016|title=The Naval Chronicle|last1=Clarke|first1=James Stanier|last2=Jones|first2=Stephen|last3=Jones|first3=John}}</ref> The earliest known published recipes for mock apple pie date from the antebellum period of the 1850s.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bliss|title=Practical Cook Book: Containing Upwards of One Thousand Receipts…Receipts...|date=1850|publisher=Lippincott, Grambo|page=[https://archive.org/details/practicalcookbo00blisgoog/page/n158 153]|url=https://archive.org/details/practicalcookbo00blisgoog|access-date=31 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=Godey's Magazine|date=1854|volume=48–49|page=378|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e8hZAAAAYAAJ&q=%22mock+apple+pie%22|access-date=31 August 2016|title=Godey's Magazine|last1=Godey|first1=Louis Antoine|last2=Hale|first2=Sarah Josepha Buell}}</ref> In the 1930s, and for many years afterwards, [[Ritz Crackers]] promoted a recipe for mock apple pie using its product, along with sugar and various spices.<ref>{{cite web|first=Beth|last=Kracklauer |url=http://www.saveur.com/article/Kitchen/Putting-on-the-Ritz |title=Putting on the Ritz |publisher=Saveur.com |date=2008-02-28 |access-date=2013-11-05}}</ref>

Apple pie was one of the dishes that Rhode Island army officers ate for their [[Fourth of July]] celebrations during the [[Siege of Petersburg]].<ref>{{citeCite web |url=https://www.foodtimeline.org/july4th.html|title=WhatFood doTimeline--Fourth Americans eat onof July 4th?food history|urlwebsite=http://www.foodtimeline.org/july4th.html}}</ref>

Modern American recipes for apple pie usually indicate a [[pastry]] that is {{convert|9 inches|in|cm}} in diameter in a fluted pie plate, with an apple filling spiced with cinnamon, nutmeg, and lemon juice, and it may or may not have a lattice or shapes cut out of the top for decoration.<ref>{{cite book |last1=McBride-Carlton|first1=Jan|title=The Old Fashioned Cookbook |date=1975 |publisher=Vineyard Books|isbn=0030146216|page=286|edition=1st}}</ref> One out of five Americans surveyed (19%) prefer apple pie over all others, followed by pumpkin (13%)

and pecan (12%).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.piecouncil.org/pdf/Pie_Fun_Facts.pdf |title=Fun facts |website=piecouncil.org |access-date=7 November 2016 |archive-date=20 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220225349/http://www.piecouncil.org/pdf/Pie_Fun_Facts.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The unincorporated community of [[Pie Town, New Mexico]], is named after apple pie.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pietown.com/ |title=Pie Town New Mexico |publisher=Pietown.com |access-date=2013-11-05}}</ref>

* [[Apple strudel]] (German {{lang|de|Apfelstrudel}}), a large Austrian pastry made with apples, sugar and spices; similar to pie in that the filling is encased by the pastry, but it is rectangular rather than round and cut like [[Coffee cake (American)|coffee cake]] or [[stollen]] rather than like pie

* [http://www.foodtimeline.org/foodpies.html#applepie Food Timeline history Notes:] Apple Pie

* [https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/15809 ''A Apple Pie''], by Kate Greenaway, 1886. Woodblock printed children's book, based on a much earlier rhyme; from [[Project Gutenberg]]

* [http://www.thedutchtable.com/2010/01/appeltaart-dutch-apple-pie.html The Dutch Table: Dutch Apple Pie]

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140715103838/http://www.hollandboutique.com/recipes/dutch-apple-pie Dutch Apple Pie Recipe by Liesbeth de Vos]

[[Category:AmericanCulture cultureof the United States]]