C. R. Hagen: Difference between revisions

| name = Carl Richard Hagen

| image = CR_Hagen-Talking-Large.jpg

| image_size = 260px

| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1937|02|02}}

| birth_place = [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]]

'''Carl Richard Hagen''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|h|ei|g|ə|n}}; born 2 February 1937) is a [[professor]] of [[particle physics]] at the [[University of Rochester]]. He is most noted for his contributions to the [[Standard Model]] and [[Spontaneous symmetry breaking|Symmetry breaking]] as well as the 1964 co-discovery of the [[Higgs mechanism]] and [[Higgs boson]] with [[Gerald Guralnik]] and [[Tom Kibble]] (GHK).<ref>{{cite journal | title=Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles | year=1964 | journal=[[Physical Review Letters]] | volume=13 | issue=20 | pages=585–587 | doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.13.585 | last1=Guralnik | first1=G. | last2=Hagen | first2=C. | last3=Kibble | first3=T. | bibcode=1964PhRvL..13..585G}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Guralnik | first1 = G. | last2 = Hagen | first2 = C. | last3 = Kibble | first3 = T. | year = 1964 | title = Global Conservation Laws and Massless Particles | url = http://www.rochester.edu/news/hagen/PhysRevLett.13.585.pdf | format = PDF | journal = [[Physical Review Letters]] | volume = 13 | issue = 20 | pages = 585–587 | doi = 10.1103/physrevlettPhysRevLett.13.585 | bibcode = 1964PhRvL..13..585G | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title=The History of the Guralnik, Hagen and Kibble development of the Theory of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking and Gauge Particles | journal=International Journal of Modern Physics | volume=A24 | year=2009 | pages=2601–2627 | arxiv=0907.3466 | doi=10.1142/S0217751X09045431 | last1=Guralnik | first1=Gerald S.|bibcode = 2009IJMPA..24.2601G | issue=14 | s2cid=16298371 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EP/guralnik_ap_2_567_67.pdf |title=Guralnik, G S; Hagen, C R and Kibble, T W B (1967). Broken Symmetries and the Goldstone Theorem. Advances in Physics, vol. 2 |access-date=2014-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924072804/http://www.physics.princeton.edu/~mcdonald/examples/EP/guralnik_ap_2_567_67.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/50565 "4 July 2012: A Day to Remember," CERN Courier, 23 August 2012]</ref> As part of [[Physical Review Letters]] 50th anniversary celebration, the journal recognized this discovery as one of the milestone [[1964 PRL symmetry breaking papers|papers]] in PRL history.<ref>[http://prl.aps.org/50years/milestones#1964 Physical Review Letters - 50th Anniversary Milestone Papers]</ref> While widely considered to have authored the most complete of the [[1964 PRL symmetry breaking papers|early papers]] on the Higgs theory, GHK were [[Nobel Prize controversies#Physics|controversially]] not included in the 2013 [[Nobel Prize in Physics]].<ref>[http://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/updates/nobel13.cfm APS News - 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics and Landmark Papers in PRL History(October 8, 2013)]</ref><ref>[https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/peter-higgs-francois-englert-win-nobel-prize-in-physics/2013/10/08/1d96aa72-2f98-11e3-8906-3daa2bcde110_story.html "Nobel committee’s 'Rule of Three’ means some Higgs boson scientists were left out." Washington Post (October 8, 2013)]</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21587771 "The 2013 Nobel prizes. Higgs’s bosuns." Economist (October 12, 2013)]</ref><ref>[https://www.economist.com/blogs/economist-explains/2013/10/economist-explains-8 "Why are some scientists unhappy with the Nobel prizes?" Economist (October 9, 2013)]</ref><ref>[http://www.economist.com/node/21548911 "House of dreams. Scientists race to explain why the Higgs boson matters." Economist (March 3, 2012)]</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |arxiv = 1401.6924|bibcode = 2014MPLA...2950046G|title = Where have all the Goldstone bosons gone?|journal = Modern Physics Letters A|volume = 29|issue = 9|pages = 1450046|last1 = Guralnik|first1 = G. S|last2 = Hagen|first2 = C. R|year = 2014|doi = 10.1142/S0217732314500461|s2cid = 119257339}}</ref><ref>{{cite web

In 2010, Hagen was awarded The [[American Physical Society]]'s [[Sakurai Prize|J.&nbsp;J.&nbsp;Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics]] for the ''"elucidation of the properties of [[spontaneous symmetry breaking]] in four-dimensional relativistic [[gauge theory]] and of the mechanism for the consistent generation of [[vector boson]] masses"''.<ref>[http://www.sas.rochester.edu/pas/news-events/archive/2009/2009-09-30_hagen_wins_sakrai_prize.html University of Rochester Physics - C.R. Hagen Wins 2010 J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics]</ref><ref>[http://www.rochester.edu/news/show.php?id=3468 University of Rochester 2010 Sakurai Prize Press Release]</ref><ref>[httphttps://www.aps.org/unitsprograms/dpfhonors/awardsprizes/sakurai.cfm American Physical Society - J. J. Sakurai Prize Winners]</ref><ref>[httphttps://www.aps.org/unitsprograms/dpfhonors/awardsprizes/recipientprizerecipient.cfm?first_nm=Carl&last_nm=Hagen&first_nm=Carl&year=2010 C. Richard Hagen - 2010 J. J. Sakurai Prize Winner]</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/view_play_list?p=BDA16F52CA3C9B1D 2010 Sakurai Prize Videos]</ref>

Professor Hagen's research interests are in the field of theoretical [[high-energy physics]], primarily in the area of [[quantum field theory]]. This includes the formulation and [[Quantization (physics)|quantization]] of higher spin field theories within the context of [[Galilean invariance|Galilean relativity]] as well as that of [[Special relativity]]. Work in recent years has been concerned with such topics as the soluble two-dimensional theories, [[Chern–Simons field theory]], the [[Aharonov–Bohm effect]], and the [[Casimir effect]]. In 2015, Hagen authored a paper that found the classic 17th century [[Wallis product|Wallis]] formula for [[pi|{{pi}}]] while calculating energy levels of the [[Hydrogen atom]] -– the first paper to derive [[pi|{{pi}}]] from [[physics]] and [[quantum mechanics]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Friedmann|first1=Tamar|last2=Hagen|first2=Carl Richard|date=|year=2015|title=Quantum mechanical derivation of the Wallis formula for π|url=|journal=Journal of Mathematical Physics|volume=56|issue=11|page=112101|pages=|arxiv=1510.07813|bibcode=2015JMP....56k2101F|doi=10.1063/1.4930800|vias2cid=119315853}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aip.org/publishing/journal-highlights/new-derivation-pi-links-quantum-physics-and-pure-math|title=New Derivation of Pi Links Quantum Physics and Pure Math {{!}} American Institute of Physics|website=www.aip.org|access-date=2019-01-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://physicsworld.com/a/revealing-the-hidden-connection-between-pi-and-bohrs-hydrogen-model/|title=Revealing the hidden connection between pi and Bohr's hydrogen model|date=2015-11-17|website=Physics World|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-01-15}}</ref>

Born and raised in [[Chicago]], Hagen received his [[Bachelor of Science|B.S.]], [[Master of Science|M.S.]], and [[Ph.D.]] in [[MIT Physics Department#Notable alumni|physics]] from the [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]].<ref>[httphttps://www.technologyreview.com/article2010/2461002/23/205697/gerald-guralnik-58-and-carl-richard-hagen-58-sm-58-phd-63/ MIT Technology Review - Hagen and Guralnik’s award-winning physics work began during undergraduate days, Spring 2010]</ref> At [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology|MIT]], his [[Thesis|doctoral thesis]] topic was in [[quantum electrodynamics]]. He has been a [[professor]] of [[physics]] at the [[University of Rochester]] since 1963. Professor Hagen won the Award for Excellence in Teaching, Department of Physics and Astronomy, [[University of Rochester]] twice (in 1996 and 1999). Hagen is a Fellow of the [[American Physical Society]] and was named Outstanding Referee by APS in 2008.<ref>[{{Cite web |url=http://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/ |title=American Physical Society Fellows] |access-date=2010-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180426231608/https://www.aps.org/programs/honors/fellowships/ |archive-date=2018-04-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://publish.aps.org/OutstandingReferees American Physical Society Outstanding Referees] {{webarchive|url=http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20120318024701/http://publish.aps.org/OutstandingReferees |date=2012-03-18 }}</ref> [[Valparaiso University]] awarded Hagen the degree [[Honorary degree|Honorary Doctor of Science]] in 2012 for his significant contributions to [[particle physics]] and the theory of [[mass]] generation.<ref>[http://www.valpo.edu/news/2012/05/30/community-leaders-noted-scientist-among-honorary-degree-recipients/ Valparaiso University 2012 Honorary Degree Press Release]</ref><ref>{{YouTube|DarxkU7GccA|Valparaiso University 2012 Commencement (video)}}</ref>

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140808114401/https://www.pas.rochester.edu/news-events/research/2008-03-03_weinberg_praises_higgs_boson_theory.html Steven Weinberg Praises C.R. Hagen and Collaborators for Higgs Boson Theory]

*[httphttps://www.pas.rochester.edu/news-events/awardsarchive/2009/2009-09-30_hagen_wins_sakrai_prize.html University of Rochester Physics - C.R. Hagen Wins 2010 J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics]

*[httphttps://www.aps.org/unitsprograms/dpfhonors/awardsprizes/recipientprizerecipient.cfm?first_nm=Carl&last_nm=Hagen&first_nm=Carl&year=2010 C. Richard Hagen - 2010 J. J. Sakurai Prize Winner]

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131017101610/http://www.rochesterhomepage.net/story/u-of-r-professor-considered-for-nobel-prize/d/story/jvUkkXOzTkeFFmVGPk7jwA Hagen Considered For Nobel Prize (October 7, 2013)]

[[Category:ParticleAmerican particle physicists]]

[[Category:TheoreticalAmerican theoretical physicists]]