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{{Infobox road
|state=MI
|type=M-Bus
|route=28
|map={{maplink-road|from=M-28 Business (Ishpeming–Negaunee, Michigan).map}}
|map_custom=yes
|map_alt=A map of Marquette County in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and the surrounding area. There is a line on the map showing the route of M-28 running west to east, and a red line running to the south of it showing the route of Business M-28.
Line 12 ⟶ 11:
|length_mi=4.873
|length_ref=<ref name=PRFA/>
|established={{start date|1958}}<ref name="MSHD57-10"/><ref name="MSHD58"/>
|direction_a=West
|terminus_a={{jct|state=MI|US|41|M|28}} in [[Ishpeming, Michigan|Ishpeming]]
|junction={{jct|state=MI|
|direction_b=East
|terminus_b={{jct|state=MI|US|41|M|28}} in Negaunee
Line 21 ⟶ 20:
|spur_of=28
|spur_type=M
|previous_type=M 1948-Bus
|previous_route=28
|previous_dab=Newberry
|next_type=M-Bus
|next_route=28
|next_dab=Marquette
|browse={{mi browse|previous_type=US|previous_route=41|route=Bus. US 41|next_type=US-Bus|next_route=41|next_dab=Marquette}}
}}
'''Business M-28''' ('''Bus. M-28''') is a [[Michigan State Trunkline Highway System|state trunkline highway]] serving as a [[business route]] that runs for approximately {{convert|4.
The trunkline was originally a section of US 41/M-28 and [[M-35 (Michigan highway)|M-35]]. Before the 1930s, the main highways ran through the two downtown areas when US 41/M-28 was relocated to run near [[Teal Lake (Michigan)|Teal Lake]]. The former routing had various names over the years. It was designated as an [[alternate route]] of the main highways, using both the '''US 41A/M-28A''' and '''Alt. US 41/Alt. M-28''' designations before it was designated as Bus. M-28 in 1958. M-35 continued to run through downtown Negaunee along a section of the highway until the 1960s. A rerouting in 1999 moved the trunkline designation along Lakeshore Drive in Ishpeming, and a streetscape project rebuilt the road in Negaunee in 2005.
==Route description==
There are
===Ishpeming===
Bus. M-28 begins at a [[traffic signal|signalized]] intersection on US 41/M-28 and the [[Lake Superior Circle Tour]] (LSCT) with Lakeshore Drive in the city of Ishpeming. The trunkline runs south along Lakeshore Drive under the tracks of the [[Lake Superior and Ishpeming Railroad]] (LS&I) and southeasterly towards [[Lake Bancroft]]. South of the lake, Bus. M-28 turns east on Division Street.<ref name="googleBR"/> Traffic along the highway here can view the towers of the [[Cliffs Shaft Mine Museum]]; the museum is dedicated to telling the story of underground [[iron ore]] mining in the region.<ref name="huntsCSM"/><ref name="MJCSM"/>
[[File:Cliffs Shaft Mine tower.jpg|upright|thumb|left|Tower of the Cliffs Shaft Mine in Ishpeming|alt=A large grey building, wider at the top that towers over the pine trees in the foreground]]
Division Street carries the Bus. M-28 designation into the [[central business district]] of Ishpeming, where it runs past local businesses, Ishpeming High School and the original [[Ishpeming Municipal Building|Ishpeming City Hall]]. On the east side of downtown, both the central machine shops and the research labs for [[Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Company]] are located on Division Street. Continuing east, the trunkline follows Ready Street over hills and through a residential area to the Ishpeming–Negaunee city line.<ref name="MDOT11"/><ref name="googleBR"/>
===Negaunee===
In Negaunee, the routing uses a street named County Road east from the city line. County Road passes Jackson Park, location of the first iron ore discovery in the area. The iron mined from the region supplied half of the nation's supply between 1850 and 1900.<ref name="huntsN"/> South of downtown Negaunee, Bus. M-28 turns north along the west fork of Silver Street. The street runs north under an overpass that carries Rail Street,<ref
[[File:Negaunee City Hall.jpg|upright=0.729|thumb|right|Negaunee City Hall located on the corner of Silver and Jackson streets, next to Bus. M-28|alt=A large sandstone building with a central clock tower]]
▲In Negaunee, the routing uses a street named County Road east from the city line. County Road passes Jackson Park, location of the first iron ore discovery in the area. The iron mined from the region supplied half of the nation's supply between 1850 and 1900.<ref name="huntsN"/> South of downtown Negaunee, Bus. M-28 turns north along the west fork of Silver Street. The street runs north under an overpass that carries Rail Street, so named because it was once a rail line into downtown Negaunee. The trunkline turns east on Jackson Street, running next to the Negaunee City Hall,<ref name="MDOT11"/><ref name="googleBR"/> which was built in 1914–15 at a time when the city's population was increasing and iron production was peaking. The building still houses the city's offices, police station and library.<ref name="huntsDN"/>
The business loop follows Jackson Street east to Division Street, where the street curves slightly and becomes Main Street. Bus. M-28 follows Main Street one block to the intersection with Teal Lake Avenue. Turning north, the trunkline follows Teal Lake Avenue through residential areas of town past the Negaunee Middle School and up over a hill. On the opposite side of the hill next to Teal Lake Bluff, the business loop intersects Arch Street, which carries traffic to Negaunee High School to the west or the football field complex to the east.<ref name="MDOT11"/><ref name="googleBR"/> Negaunee High School was the site of the former Mather B Mine Complex. The administration building for the mine was converted to its present educational use in 1986.<ref name="NPS"/> Bus. M-28 continues along Teal Lake Avenue past the football field and under the LS&I tracks where it ends at another signalized intersection with US 41/M-28/LSCT by [[Teal Lake (Michigan)|Teal Lake]].<ref name="MDOT11"/><ref name="googleBR"/> The total length of Bus. M-28 is {{convert| 4.873 |mi|km|3}}.<ref name="PRFA"/>
===Traffic counts===
The [[Michigan Department of Transportation]] (MDOT) publishes traffic data for the highways it maintains. On Lakeshore Drive in Ishpeming, MDOT stated that 5,
==History==
[[File:Bus M-28 Ishpeming Downtown.jpg|thumb|left|Downtown Ishpeming|alt=Photograph of Bus. M-28 (Division Street)]]
The state highway system was created on May 13, 1913, with the passage of the
When [[M-35 (Michigan highway)|M-35]] was routed through downtown Negaunee, it joined Bus. M-28 northward from the east fork of Silver Street on to US 41/M-28. Construction of the [[Empire Mine]] in 1963 necessitated the relocation of the highway from [[Palmer, Michigan|Palmer]] to Negaunee.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Koski |first1=Allan |editor1-last=Fulsher |editor1-first=Ali |title=Empire Mine, Cascade Mine |date=2020 |publisher=Globe Printing |location=Ishpeming, Michigan |isbn=978-0-578-78227-0 |page=79}}</ref> This routing was moved to bypass the city in 1968.<ref name=MDOT68>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1968 |section = C5 }}</ref><ref name=MDOT69>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1969 |section = C5 }}</ref> From this point on, Bus. M-28 has not shared its routing with any other state trunklines.<ref>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1970 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1971 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1972 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1973 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1974 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1975 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1976 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1977 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1978 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1979 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1980 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1981 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1982 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1983 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1984 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1985 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1986 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1987 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1988 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1989 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1990 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1991 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1992 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1993 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1995 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1996 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1997 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1998 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1999 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2000 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2001 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2002 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2003 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2004 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2005 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2006 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2007 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2008 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2009 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2010 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2011 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2012 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2013 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2014 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2015 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2016 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2017 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2018 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2019 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2020 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2021 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2022 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2023 |section = C5 }}</ref>
[[File:Bus M-28 Negaunee Silver Street Y South1.jpg|thumb|The Y in Silver Street south of downtown Negaunee; until the late 1960s, M-35 followed the eastern branch (left) and now Bus. M-28 follows the western (right)|alt=Photograph of]]
In 1969, the [[Michigan Department of State Highways]]{{#tag:ref|The Michigan State Highway Department, also called the Michigan Department of State Highways after the mid-1960s, was reorganized into the Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation on August 23, 1973. The name was shortened to its current form in 1978.<ref name="MMM30-1">{{cite book |first1 = Bill |last1 = Kulsea |first2 = Tom |last2 = Shawver |name-list-style = amp |title = Making Michigan Move: A History of Michigan Highways and the Michigan Department of Transportation |url = https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Making_Michigan_Move#27 |location = Lansing |publisher = Michigan Department of Transportation |year = 1980 |oclc = 8169232 |pages = 27, [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Making_Michigan_Move#30 30–31] |access-date = January 18, 2021 |via = [[Wikisource]] }}</ref>|name=MDOT|group=lower-alpha}} petitioned the [[American Association of State Highway Officials]] (AASHO){{#tag:ref|AASHO was renamed the [[American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials]] (AASHTO) on November 13, 1973.<ref>{{cite web |author = Federal Highway Administration |date = December 4, 2012 |url =
MDOT in a partnership with the City of Negaunee upgraded Teal Lake Avenue between Arch and Rock streets in a streetscaping project to provide a "pedestrian refuge area". This work entailed reconstruction of the retaining wall, curbing and gutters in 2005.<ref name="MDOTSC"/> Arch Street is the access to Negaunee High School, and this section of Bus. M-28 is near the athletic field complex in Negaunee.<ref>{{cite map |author1 = NovoPrint USA |author2 = Travel Marquette|year = 2019 |title = Marquette County: Roads, Trails, Attractions, Lodging |edition = 8th |scale = 1:31,680 |location = Milwaukee |publisher = NovoPrint USA |inset = Ishpeming and Negaunee |oclc = 1146086218 }}</ref> The project budgeted $120,200 with $24,200 from the City of Negaunee (equivalent to ${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US-GDP|120200|2005|r=-2}}}} and ${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US-GDP|24200|2005|r=-2}}}} respectively in {{inflation-year|US-GDP}}{{inflation-fn|US-GDP|name-list-style=amp}}).<ref name="MDOTSC"/>
==Major intersections==
[[File:Bus M-28 Negaunee CR 480 sign at Main Street.jpg|thumb|upright|right|
{{MIinttop|ref=<ref name="PRFA">{{cite MDOT PRFA |link= yes |access-date= April 9, 2010}}</ref>|county=Marquette}}
{{MIint
Line 62 ⟶ 69:
|lspan=3
|mile=0.000
|road={{jct|state=MI|US|41|M|28|Tour|LSCT|name3=Palms Avenue|city1=Baraga|city2=Marquette}}
|notes=
}} {{MIint
|mile=0.791
|road={{jct|state=MI|road|Greenwood Street|CR|494|
|notes=Former route of Bus. M-28
}} {{MIint
|mile=1.026
|road={{jct|state=MI|road|Pine Street|CR|581|
|notes=
}}
{{MIint
Line 76 ⟶ 86:
|lspan=2
|mile=4.267
|road={{jct|state=MI|CTR||CR|480|
|notes=
}}
{{MIint
|mile=4.873
|road={{jct|state=MI|US|41|M|28|Tour|LSCT|city1=Baraga|city2=Marquette}}
|notes=
}} {{jctbtm|col=5}}
{{Clear}}
Line 95 ⟶ 107:
==References==
{{Reflist
<ref name="MDOT11">{{cite MDOT map |year= 2014 |sections= C5, N8, F12 }}</ref>
<ref name="googleBR">{{google maps |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&hl=en&geocode=&saddr=US+41+%26+Lakeshore+Dr.,+Ishpeming,+MI&daddr=Lakeshore+Dr+%26+Greenwood+St.+Ishpeming,+MI+to:Division++%26+Pine+St.+Ishpeming,+MI+to:Silver+%26+Jackson+St.+Negaunee,+MI+to:Jackson+%26+Pioneer+Negaunee,+MI+to:Teal+Lake+%26+Main,+Negaunee,+MI+to:Teal+Lake+Ave+%26+US-41,+Negaunee+MI&mra=pi&mrcr=5&sll=46.501051,-87.616482&sspn=0.01861,0.030212&ie=UTF8&z=15 |title=Overview Map of Bus. M-28 |access-date=March 8, 2008 }}</ref>
<ref name="huntsCSM">{{cite book |last1 = Hunt |first1 = Mary |last2 = Hunt |first2 = Don |chapter = Ishpeming—Cliffs Shaft Mining Museum |year = 2007 |title = Hunts' Guide to Michigan's Upper Peninsula |publisher = Midwestern Guides |location = Albion, Michigan |url = http://hunts-upguide.com/ |chapter-url = http://hunts-upguide.com/ishpeming_cliffs_shaft_mining_museum.html |access-date = June 18, 2009 |name-list-style = amp |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091231024753/http://hunts-upguide.com/ishpeming_cliffs_shaft_mining_museum.html |archive-date = December 31, 2009 }}</ref>
<ref name="MJCSM">{{cite news |url = http://www.miningjournal.net/page/content.detail/id/509403.html?nav=5073 |title = Cliff's Shaft Mining Museum: Remnants of History |work = [[The Mining Journal]] |location = Marquette, Michigan |date = May 2, 2008 |access-date = June 18, 2009 |archive-url = https://
<ref name="huntsN">{{cite book |last1 = Hunt |first1 = Mary |last2 = Hunt |first2 = Don |chapter = Negaunee |year = 2007 |title = Hunts' Guide to Michigan's Upper Peninsula |publisher = Midwestern Guides |location = Albion, Michigan |url = http://hunts-upguide.com/ |chapter-url = http://hunts-upguide.com/negaunee.html |access-date = June 18, 2009 |name-list-style = amp |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130125160948/http://hunts-upguide.com/negaunee.html%23.UQKuOX3LdRw |archive-date = January 25, 2013 }}</ref>
<ref name="huntsDN">{{cite book |last1 = Hunt |first1 = Mary |last2 = Hunt |first2 = Don |chapter = Downtown Negaunee |year = 2007 |title = Hunts' Guide to Michigan's Upper Peninsula |publisher = Midwestern Guides |location = Albion, Michigan |url = http://hunts-upguide.com/ |chapter-url = http://hunts-upguide.com/negaunee_downtown_negaunee.html |access-date = June 18, 2009 |name-list-style = amp |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130125153150/http://hunts-upguide.com/negaunee_downtown_negaunee.html%23.UQKlU33LdRw |archive-date = January 25, 2013 }}</ref>
<ref name="NPS">{{cite web |author = Negaunee Public Schools |date = n.d. |url = http://www.negaunee.k12.mi.us/district/district-information/facilities |title = Facilities |publisher = Negaunee Public Schools |access-date = January 16, 2010 |archive-url = https://
<ref name="MSHD37-5">{{cite MDOT map |date= 1937-05-15 |section=B5 }}</ref><ref name="MSHD37-12">{{cite MDOT map |date=1937-12-01 |section=B5 }}</ref>
<ref name="
<ref name="MSHD58">{{cite MDOT map |year=1958 |section=C5}}</ref>
<ref name="MCRC39">{{cite map |author = Marquette County Road Commission |scale = Scale not given |location = Ishpeming, Michigan |publisher = Marquette County Road Commission |title = Marquette County |year = 1939 }}</ref>
<ref name="MCRC50">{{cite map |author = Marquette County Road Commission |scale = Scale not given |location = Ishpeming, Michigan |publisher = Marquette County Road Commission |title = Marquette County |year = 1950 }}</ref>
<ref name="MDOT51">{{cite map |author = Michigan State Highway Department |scale = Scale not given |location = Lansing |publisher = Michigan State Highway Department |title = City of Ishpeming Act 51 Map |year = 1951 }}</ref>
<ref name="MDOT75">{{cite MDOT map |year=1975 |link= yes |inset=Marquette}}</ref>
<ref name="
<ref name="
}}
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