M-28 Business (Ishpeming–Negaunee, Michigan): Difference between revisions

|junction={{jct|state=MI|CRCTR|480|county1=Marquette|to1=yes|name1=Negaunee City Truck Route}} in [[Negaunee, Michigan|Negaunee]]

'''Business M-28''' ('''Bus. M-28''') is a [[Michigan State Trunkline Highway System|state trunkline highway]] serving as a [[business route]] that runs for approximately {{convert|4.8419|mi|km|3}} through the downtown districts of [[Ishpeming, Michigan|Ishpeming]] and [[Negaunee, Michigan|Negaunee]] in the US state of [[Michigan]]. The trunkline provides a marked route for traffic diverting from [[U.S. Route 41 in Michigan|U.S. Highway 41]] (US 41) and [[M-28 (Michigan highway)|M-28]] through the two historic iron-mining communities. It is one of three business loops for M-numbered highways in the state of Michigan. There have previously been two other Bus. M-28 designations for highways in [[Newberry, Michigan|Newberry]] and [[Marquette, Michigan|Marquette]].

There are currently three business routes in the state of Michigan derived from M-numbered highways. The other two are infor [[Hillman,M-32 (Michigan highway)|HillmanM-32]] andin [[NilesHillman, Michigan|NilesHillman]] and for [[M-3260 (Michigan highway)|M-3260]] andin [[M-60Niles, (Michigan highway)|M-60Niles]] respectively.<ref name="MDOT11"/> In the past, two other business routes for M-28 existed in Newberry (1936<ref name="MSHD36-06">{{cite MDOT map |date= 1936-06-01 |link= yes |c-link=yes |section= C9}}</ref>–1953<ref name="MSHD53-04">{{cite MDOT map |date= 1953-04-15 |section= C9}}</ref>) and Marquette (1974<ref name=MDSHT74>{{cite MDOT map |year= 1974 |link= yes |inset= Marquette }}</ref><ref name=MDSHT75>{{cite MDOT map |year= 1975 |inset= Marquette }}</ref>–1981<ref name=MDOT80>{{cite MDOT map |year= 1980 |inset= Marquette }}</ref><ref name=MDOT81>{{cite MDOT map |year= 1981 |inset= Marquette }}</ref>), but they have since been retired. The extant Bus. M-28 designation remains for the loop through Ishpeming and Negaunee.<!--see the entire rest of this article-->

Bus. M-28 begins at a [[traffic signal|signalized]] intersection on US&nbsp;41/M-28 and the [[Lake Superior Circle Tour]] (LSCT) with Lakeshore Drive in the city of Ishpeming. The trunkline runs south along Lakeshore Drive under the tracks of the [[Lake Superior and Ishpeming Railroad]] (LS&I) and southeasterly towards [[Lake Bancroft]]. South of the lake, Bus. M-28 turns east on Division Street.<ref name="googleBR"/> Traffic along the highway here can view the towers of the [[Cliffs Shaft Mine Museum]]; the museum is dedicated to telling the story of underground [[iron ore]] mining in the region.<ref name="huntsCSM"/><ref name="MJCSM"/>

The business loop follows Jackson Street east to Division Street, where the street curves slightly and becomes Main Street. Bus. M-28 follows Main Street one block to the intersection with Teal Lake Avenue. Turning north, the trunkline follows Teal Lake Avenue through residential areas of town past the Negaunee Middle School and up over a hill. On the opposite side of the hill next to Teal Lake Bluff, the business loop intersects Arch Street, which carries traffic to Negaunee High School to the west or the football field complex to the east.<ref name="MDOT11"/><ref name="googleBR"/> Negaunee High School was the site of the former Mather B Mine Complex. The administration building for the mine was converted to its present educational use in 1986.<ref name="NPS"/> Bus. M-28 continues along Teal Lake Avenue past the football field and under the LS&I tracks where it ends at another signalized intersection with US&nbsp;41/M-28/LSCT by [[Teal Lake (Michigan)|Teal Lake]].<ref name="MDOT11"/><ref name="googleBR"/> The total length of Bus. M-28 is {{convert| 4.873 |mi|km|3}}.<ref name="PRFA"/>

The state highway system was created on May 13, 1913, with the passage of the ''State Reward Trunk Line Highway Act''.<ref name=STLA>{{cite book |author = Michigan Legislature |chapter-url = https://books.google.com/books?id=7kXiAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1868 |title = The Compiled Laws of the State of Michigan |volume = 1 |year = 1915 |orig-year = enacted May 13, 1913 |chapter = Chapter 91: State Reward Trunk Line Highways |pages = 1868–1872 |location = Lansing, Michigan |publisher = Wynkoop, Hallenbeck, Crawford |editor1-last = Shields |editor1-first = Edmund C. |editor2-last = Black |editor2-first = Cyrenius P. |editor3-last = Broomfield |editor3-first = Archibald |access-date = January 24, 2012 |oclc = 44724558 |name-list-style = amp |author-link = Michigan Legislature |via = [[Google Books]] }}</ref> The state originallyfirst signposted these highways by July 1, 1919,<ref name=press-1919-09-20>{{cite news |title = Michigan May Do Well Following Wisconsin's Road Marking System |work = [[The Grand Rapids Press]] |date = September 20, 1919 |page = 10 |oclc = 9975013 }}</ref> and the roadways that make up Bus. M-28 were originally a portion of [[M-15 (Michigan highway)|M-15]].<ref name="MSHD19UP">{{cite MDOT map |date= 1919-07-01U }}</ref> Later when the [[United States Numbered Highway System]] was created on November 11, 1926,<ref name=mcnichol74>{{cite book |ref = McNichol |last = McNichol |first = Dan |year = 2006 |title = The Roads that Built America: The Incredible Story of the US Interstate System |location = New York |publisher = Sterling |isbn = 1-4027-3468-9 |oclc = 63377558 |page = 74 }}</ref> the highway was redesignated as a part of US&nbsp;41<ref name="USH">{{cite map |author1 = Bureau of Public Roads |author-link = Bureau of Public Roads |author2 = American Association of State Highway Officials |author2-link = American Association of State Highway Officials |name-list-style = amp |date = November 11, 1926 |title = United States System of Highways Adopted for Uniform Marking by the American Association of State Highway Officials |url = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:United_States_System_of_Highways_Adopted_for_Uniform_Marking_by_the_American_Association_of_State_Highway_Officials.jpg |scale = 1:7,000,000 |location = Washington, DC |publisher = [[United States Geological Survey]] |oclc = 32889555 |access-date = November 7, 2013 |via = [[Wikimedia Commons]] }}</ref> and part of M-28.<ref name="MSHD26-12">{{cite MDOT map |date= 1926-12-01 }}</ref> The main highway was moved with the construction of a northerly bypass of Ishpeming and Negaunee in 1937.<ref name="MSHD37-5"/><ref name="MSHD37-12"/> The business loop was not designated Bus. M-28 permanently and marked on state maps until 1958.<ref name="MSHD57-10"/><ref name="MSHD58"/> It was internally designated US&nbsp;41A/M-28A<ref name="MCRC39"/><ref name="MCRC50"/> before being redesignated Alt. US&nbsp;41/Alt. M-28. or Bus. US&nbsp;41/Bus. M-28.<ref name="MDOT51"/> This dual designation later was mirrored by the other Marquette County business route, Bus. US&nbsp;41.<ref name="MDOT75"/><!-- Occasionally, more recent maps use this older numbering to label the highway.<ref>{{cite map |author = City of Negaunee |year = 2006 |map-url = http://www.cityofnegaunee.com/documents/WestOldTown.pdf |map = City of Negaunee, Map 3 |title = West Old Town Points of Interest & Maps |scale = Scale not given |location = Negaunee, Michigan |publisher = City of Negaunee |page = 5 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120315170807/http://www.cityofnegaunee.com/documents/WestOldTown.pdf |archive-date = March 15, 2012 |access-date = July 17, 2015 }}</ref>-->

When [[M-35 (Michigan highway)|M-35]] was routed through downtown Negaunee, it joined Bus. M-28 northward from the east fork of Silver Street on to US&nbsp;41/M-28. Construction of the [[Empire Mine]] in 1963 necessitated the relocation of the highway from [[Palmer, Michigan|Palmer]] to Negaunee.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Koski |first1=Allan |editor1-last=Fulsher |editor1-first=Ali |title=Empire Mine, Cascade Mine |date=2020 |publisher=Globe Printing |location=Ishpeming, Michigan |isbn=978-0-578-78227-0 |page=79}}</ref> This routing was moved to bypass the city in 1968.<ref name=MDOT68>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1968 |section = C5 }}</ref><ref name=MDOT69>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1969 |section = C5 }}</ref> From this point on, Bus. M-28 has not shared its routing with any other state trunklines.<ref>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1970 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1971 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1972 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1973 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1974 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1975 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1976 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1977 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1978 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1979 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1980 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1981 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1982 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1983 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1984 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1985 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1986 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1987 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1988 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1989 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1990 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1991 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1992 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1993 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1995 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1996 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1997 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1998 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 1999 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2000 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2001 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2002 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2003 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2004 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2005 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2006 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2007 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2008 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2009 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2010 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2011 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2012 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2013 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2014 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2015 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2016 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2017 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2018 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2019 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2020 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2021 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2022 |section = C5 }}<br/>{{cite MDOT map |year = 2023 |section = C5 }}</ref>

In 1969, the [[Michigan Department of State Highways]]{{#tag:ref|The Michigan State Highway Department, also called the Michigan Department of State Highways after the mid-1960s, was reorganized into the Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation on August 23, 1973. The name was shortened to its current form in 1978.<ref name="MMM30-1">{{cite book |first1 = Bill |last1 = Kulsea |first2 = Tom |last2 = Shawver |name-list-style = amp |title = Making Michigan Move: A History of Michigan Highways and the Michigan Department of Transportation |url = https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Making_Michigan_Move#27 |location = Lansing |publisher = Michigan Department of Transportation |year = 1980 |oclc = 8169232 |pages = 27, [https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Making_Michigan_Move#30 30–31] |access-date = January 18, 2021 |via = [[Wikisource]] }}</ref>|name=MDOT|group=lower-alpha}} petitioned the [[American Association of State Highway Officials]] (AASHO){{#tag:ref|AASHO was renamed the [[American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials]] (AASHTO) on November 13, 1973.<ref>{{cite web |author = Federal Highway Administration |date = December 4, 2012 |url = httphttps://www.fhwa.dot.gov/byday/fhbd1113.htm |title = November 13 |work = Highway History |publisher = Federal Highway Administration |access-date = August 18, 2013 }}</ref>|name=AASHTO|group=lower-alpha}} to approve a Bus. US&nbsp;41 designation for the trunkline. Action on the request was deferred by AASHTO's U.S. Route Numbering Subcommittee,<ref>{{AASHTO minutes |year= 1969A |link= yes |page= 2 |access-date= July 17, 2015}}</ref> and then denied the following year.<ref>{{AASHTO minutes |year= 1970A |page= 4 |access-date= July 17, 2015}}</ref> The western end of Bus. M-28 was rerouted on June 4, 1999,<ref name="MSABR"/> when the City of Ishpeming petitioned MDOT to reroute the highway along Lakeshore Drive to US&nbsp;41/M-28.<ref name="MSABR"/> Previously, it ran along Greenwood Street and North Lake Road and met US&nbsp;41/M-28 in the [[West Ishpeming, Michigan|West Ishpeming]] neighborhood of [[Ishpeming Township, Michigan|Ishpeming Township]].<ref>{{cite map |author = Rockford Map Publishers |author2 = Marquette County 4-H Council |year = 1995 |map =T47N S27W |title = Marquette County, Land Atlas & Plat Book |edition = 13th |scale= 1:50,688 |location = Rockford, Illinois |publisher = Rockford Map Publishers |oclc = 34788305 }}</ref>

|road={{jct|state=MI|US|41|M|28|Tour|LSCT|name3=Palms Avenue|city1=Baraga|city2=Marquette}}

|notes=
}}

|road={{jct|state=MI|road|Greenwood Street|CR|494|county1county2=Marquette|to1to2=yes|name1=Greenwood Street}}

|notes=Former route of Bus. M-28
}}

|road={{jct|state=MI|road|Pine Street|CR|581|county1county2=Marquette|to1to2=yes|name1=Pine Street}}

|road={{jct|state=MI|CTR||CR|480|county1county2=Marquette|to1to2=yes|name1=Division Street}}

|notes=Negaunee City Truck Route}}

|road={{jct|state=MI|US|41|M|28|Tour|LSCT|city1=Baraga|city2=Marquette}}

|notes=
}}

<ref name="huntsN">{{cite book |last1 = Hunt |first1 = Mary |last2 = Hunt |first2 = Don |chapter = Negaunee |year = 2007 |title = Hunts' Guide to Michigan's Upper Peninsula |publisher = Midwestern Guides |location = Albion, Michigan |url = http://hunts-upguide.com/ |chapter-url = http://hunts-upguide.com/negaunee.html |access-date = June 18, 2009 |name-list-style = amp |archive-url = httphttps://archive.today/2013.01.25-16094820130125160948/http://hunts-upguide.com/negaunee.html%23.UQKuOX3LdRw |archive-date = January 25, 2013 }}</ref>

<ref name="huntsDN">{{cite book |last1 = Hunt |first1 = Mary |last2 = Hunt |first2 = Don |chapter = Downtown Negaunee |year = 2007 |title = Hunts' Guide to Michigan's Upper Peninsula |publisher = Midwestern Guides |location = Albion, Michigan |url = http://hunts-upguide.com/ |chapter-url = http://hunts-upguide.com/negaunee_downtown_negaunee.html |access-date = June 18, 2009 |name-list-style = amp |archive-url = httphttps://archive.today/2013.01.25-15315020130125153150/http://hunts-upguide.com/negaunee_downtown_negaunee.html%23.UQKlU33LdRw |archive-date = January 25, 2013 }}</ref>