Shimoga district: Difference between revisions

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}

{{Infobox settlement

|size = 250

|photo1a = Keladi & Ikkeri temple, Sagara.jpg

|photo2a = Kavaledurga Fort - Shimoga (14).jpg

|photo2b = Kedaresvara Temple Balligavi.JPG

}}

* [[Sagar, Karnataka|Sagara]] KA-15

}}

 

[[File:Relief of Shiva holding attributes in each of his four arms in the Aghoreshwara temple at Ikkeri.jpg|upright|thumb|Outer wall carving, Aghoreshwara temple, [[Ikkeri]], Sagar taluk Shimoga District.]]

 

 

In the 8th century [[Rashtrakutas]] ruled this district.<ref>{{cite book|title=Imperial gazetteer of India, Volume 22 |author=Sir William Wilson Hunter, Great Britain. India Office|publisher=Clarendon Press|page=284|edition=1908}}</ref> The [[Western Chalukya Empire|Kalyani Chalukyas]] overthrew the Rashtrakutas, and the district came into their rule. [[Balligavi]] was a prominent city during their rule.<ref>{{cite book|title=Karnataka State Gazetteer: Uttara Kannada|author=B. N. Sri Sathyan|publisher=Director of Print., Stationery and Publications at the Government Press, 1985|page=114|edition=1985}}</ref> In the 12th century, with the weakening of the Kalyani Chalukyas, the [[Hoysalas]] annexed this area.<ref>{{cite book|title=Karnataka State Gazetteer: Bangalore District|author=B. N. Sri Sathyan|publisher=Director of Print., Stationery and Publications at the Government Press, 1990|page=53|edition=1990}}</ref> After the fall of the Hoysalas, the entire region came under the [[Vijayanagar Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Makers of India Literature: Sayana, Volume 203|author=B. R. Modak|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|page=8|isbn=978-81-7201-940-2|edition=1995|year=1995}}</ref> When the Vijayanagar empire was defeated in 1565&nbsp;CE in the battle of Tallikota, the [[Keladi Nayaka]]s who were originally feudatory of the Vijayanagar empire took control, declared sovereignty, and ruled as an independent kingdom for about two centuries.<ref name=history/> In 1763 [[Hyder Ali|Haider Ali]] captured the capital of Keladi Nayakas and as a result the district came into the rule of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] and remained a part of it until India acquired independence from the British.<ref name=history/>

The district administration is headed by the [[deputy commissioner]] who has the additional role of a district [[magistrate]]. [[Assistant commissioner (revenue)|Assistant commissioner]]s, [[tahsildar]]s, shirastedars, revenue inspectors and village accountants help the deputy commissioner in the administration of the district. The headquarters is Shimoga city.

 

* Soraba

* Sagara

* [[Girish Kasaravalli]]: Film director who has won several [[National Film Award for Best Feature Film|Swarna Kamal]] awards for Kannada art movies.

* [[P. Lankesh]]: Editor of the tabloid ''[[Lankesh Patrike]]'' and director of a few films.

* [[Sudeep]] Kannada actor born in Shimoga

* [[Arun Sagar]] A Kannada Actor from Sagara

The Malnad region is a [[biodiversity hotspot]] with a rich diversity of flora and fauna. The region has protected areas classified as wildlife sanctuaries to ensure the protection of these species:

 

**191 species of fauna have been recorded here: 63 are water-dependent; 20 species are known to breed here. Water birds in the sanctuary include [[black-headed ibis]], Darters, Little [[Cormorant]], Indian shag, [[Cattle Egret]], [[Little Egret]], Large Egret, [[Spoonbill]], [[Grey Heron]], [[purple heron]], [[Pond Heron]], [[night heron]], [[Coot]], [[Pheasant-tailed Jacana]], [[Purple Swamphen]], [[Common Sandpiper]], [[Little ringed plover]], [[Little Grebe]], [[Cotton Teal]]. An average of about 8000 White Ibis visit the sanctuary every year.<ref name="logwild" />

*[[Sharavathi#Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary|Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary]] is in Sagar Taluk. It has evergreen and semi-evergreen forests with its eastern portion adjoining the [[Linganamakki]] reservoir.<ref name="logwild" />

**The animals found here: [[gaur]]s, [[Lion-tailed Macaque]], Tiger, leopard (black panther), [[Dhole|Wild Dog]], jackal, [[Sloth Bear]], [[Spotted Deer]], [[sambar deer]], [[barking deer]], [[Mouse Deer]], Wild Boar, common langur, [[bonnet macaque]], [[Malabar Squirrel|Malabar giant squirrel]], giant [[flying squirrel]], [[Porcupine]], [[Otter]]s; [[Pangolin]]s. Reptiles include [[King Cobra]], [[Pythonidae|python]], [[rat snake]], [[Crocodile]], [[Monitor Lizard]]. Avian species found here: three species of [[hornbill]]s; [[Asian paradise flycatcher]]; [[Racket-tailed Drongo]]; [[lories and lorikeets]].<ref name="logwild" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://matthuga.in/ntp_muppane.php|title=Muppane Wildlife Sanctuary|publisher=matthuga.in}}</ref>

*Shettihalli Wildlife Sanctuary lies adjacent to Shimoga city and has forests ranging from dry deciduous to semi-evergreen and is spread over an area of {{convert|395.6|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref name="logwild" /> Large areas of forests have been destroyed due to [[forest fire|fire]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/states/kerala/article2942170.ece|title=Fires in wildlife sanctuaries of Western Ghats|work=The Hindu | location=Chennai, India|first=Roy|last=Mathew|date=28 February 2012}}</ref>

**Mammals in the sanctuary include Tigers, [[Leopard]]s, [[Wild Dog]]s, [[Jackal]]s, [[Gaur]]s, Elephants; [[Sloth Bear]]s, [[Sambar Deer]], [[Spotted Deer]], [[Wild Boar]], [[Common Langur]]s; [[Bonnet macaque]]s, Common Mongoose, [[Striped-necked Mongoose]], [[Porcupine]], [[Malabar Squirrel|Malabar giant squirrel]], giant flying squirrel, [[Pangolin]].

 

*[[S. Rudregowda]], industrialist and Member of Legislative Council

*[[Khadi Shankarappa]], a veteran freedom fighter.

*[[G. S. Shivarudrappa]], poet, one of the three Rashtrakavis in Kannada

*[[K. V. Subbanna]], artist and writer