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{{Use Australian English|date=August 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox Australian place
| type =
| name = Oyster Cove
| state = tas
| image =
Line 7 ⟶ 10:
| coordinates = {{Coord|43|5|22.03|S|147|17|2.72|E|format=dms|type:city_region:AU-TAS|display=inline}}
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pop
| pop_year
| pop_footnotes=<ref name=Census2016Y>{{cite web |url=https://quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2016/quickstat/SSC60480?opendocument |title=2016 Census Quick Stats Oyster Cove (Tas.) |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=23 October 2017 |website=quickstats.censusdata.abs.gov.au |publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics |access-date=13 September 2020 }}</ref>
| density =
| density_footnotes =
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| timezone-dst = [[Australian Eastern Daylight Time|AEDT]]
| utc-dst = +11
| location1 = [[Kingston, Tasmania|Kingston]]
▲| dist1 =
|
|
| dist2 =
| dir2 =
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| dir3 =
| location3 =
| lga = [[Kingborough Council|Kingborough]], [[Huon Valley Council|Huon
| region = [[Hobart LGA Region|Hobart]], [[South-east LGA
| county =
| parish =
| stategov = [[Division of Franklin
|
| near-nw = [[Pelverata]]
| near-n = [[Snug, Tasmania|Snug]], [[Lower Snug, Tasmania|Lower Snug]], [[Coningham, Tasmania|Coningham]]
| near-
| near-
| near-
| near-
| near-s = [[Kettering,
| near-
| _noautocat =
}}
'''Oyster Cove''' is a semi-rural locality in the local government areas (LGA) of [[Kingborough Council|Kingborough]] and [[Huon Valley Council|Huon Valley]] in the [[Hobart LGA Region|Hobart]] and [[South-east LGA Region|South-east]] LGA regions of [[Tasmania]]. The locality is about {{convert|20|km}} south-west of the town of [[Kingston, Tasmania|Kingston]]. The [[2016 Australian census|2016 census]] has a population of 319 for the state suburb of Oyster Cove.<ref name=Census2016Y/> Part of Oyster Cove is an Indigenous Protected Area due to its history as a colonial holding facility for [[Aboriginal Tasmanians]].
==
===Pre-colonial===
{{reflist}}▼
Before British colonisation, the Oyster Cove area was part of the country of the [[Nuenonne language|Nuenonne people]] of Indigenous Tasmanians, probably frequented mostly by the Melukerdee clan of these people.<ref name="friendly">{{cite book |last1=Plomley |first1=NJB |last2=Robinson |first2=George Augustus |title=Friendly Mission, the Tasmanian journals and papers of George Augustus Robinson |date=2008 |publisher=Quintus |location=Hobart |isbn=9780977557226}}</ref>
A French naval expedition arrived in the bay in the 1790s, calling it ''Baie d'Huîtres'' from which the name Oyster Cove is derived.<ref name="bonwick">{{cite book |last1=Bonwick |first1=James |title=The Last of the Tasmanians; or, The Black War of Van Diemen's Land |date=1870 |publisher=Sampson Low |location=London |url=https://archive.org/details/lasttasmanianso00bonwgoog/page/n11/mode/1up}}</ref>
{{Southern Tasmania |state=autocollapse}}▼
===British colonisation===
In the 1820s, British [[sawyers]] entered the region to exploit the prime timber resources. A [[timber mill]] was established by [[John Helder Wedge]] at Oyster Cove and [[Convicts in Australia#Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania)|convict]] wood-cutting teams resided in the area. These workers perpetrated violence and rape against the local Nuenonne people and spread [[venereal disease]] amongst them. As a teenage girl, the famous Indigenous woman, [[Truganini]], was held for sexual purposes by sawyers at nearby [[Birchs Bay, Tasmania|Birchs Bay]].<ref name="bonwick" /><ref name="pybus">{{cite book |last1=Pybus |first1=Cassandra |title=Truganini |date=2020 |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Crows Nest |isbn=9781760529222}}</ref>
In 1840, the Oyster Bay Probation Station was built to house convicts, but it proved too expensive and was shut in 1847.<ref name="bonwick" />{{r|University of Tasmania – The Companion to Tasmanian History – Oyster Cove}}
===Oyster Cove Aboriginal facility===
After the destruction of [[Aboriginal Tasmanian]] society by British colonisation and the [[Black War]], the remaining 200 or so Indigenous survivors were rounded up and placed into forced exile at the [[Wybalenna Aboriginal Establishment]] on [[Flinders Island]]. In 1847, the Wybalenna facility was shut down and the remaining 47 Indigenous people were moved to Oyster Cove.{{r|University of Tasmania – The Companion to Tasmanian History – Wybalenna}}
The 15 men, 22 women and 10 children were placed in the abandoned and dilapidated convict facility. The appointed manager, Dr Joseph Milligan, neglected his duty of care to these people despite being paid £600 per year. The buildings fell into disrepair, the food supply was poor and mortality was high due to the area to being exposed to cold winds and dampness. The children, like [[Mathinna (Tasmanian)|Mathinna]], were separated from the adults and relocated to the orphan school in Hobart.<ref name="pybus" />
In 1855, an investigation by the colonial surveyor [[James Erskine Calder]] found that the Oyster Cove facility was in an almost completely derelict state with alcoholism and prostitution being pressed upon the fifteen surviving occupants. Although Milligan was sacked as manager, the funding of the facility was further reduced. John and Matilda Dandridge were appointed as replacements to Milligan, and they were able to make improvements to lives of the survivors.<ref name="pybus" />
[[File:OysterCove-housing.jpg|thumb|The Oyster Cove Aboriginal facility]]
Under the new regime, the Aboriginal residents were allowed some freedoms with the women such as [[Truganini]], Dray, Patty Clark, Wapperty and Bessy Clark permitted to go on extended hunting and cultural excursions into the bush and across to [[Bruny Island]]. The men, such as [[William Lanne]] and Tillarbunner, were able to be employed on whaling ships. [[Walter George Arthur]] and his wife Mary Ann were granted a 3 hectare block of land near to Oyster Cove to farm, while [[Fanny Cochrane Smith]] was allowed to move out after she married a local white sawyer.<ref name="ryan">{{cite book |last1=Ryan |first1=Lyndall |title=Tasmanian Aborigines |date=2012 |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Crows Nest |isbn=9781742370682}}</ref>
[[File:Oyster cove mob.jpg|thumb|Residents of the Oyster Cove facility]]
However, disease and despair hung over Oyster Cove, and when a pub named "The Aborigine" was opened at nearby [[Kettering, Tasmania|Little Oyster Cove]] in 1858, alcoholism became rampant. By 1867, there were only four residents left alive, and in 1872 Truganini was the sole survivor. In that year, the government shut down the Oyster Cove Aboriginal facility and Truganini was relocated to the Dandridges' home in Hobart where she died in 1876.<ref name="pybus" />
Many of the corpses and skeletal remains of the Aboriginal residents who died at Oyster Cove and elsewhere were mutilated and pilfered by the colonists for so-called scientific reasons. Their skulls in particular were taken and then sold or given to anatomists within the colony or in Britain and Europe. For example, William Lanne's body was decapitated by [[William Crowther (Australian politician)|Dr William Crowther]] at the Hobart hospital and Truganini's skeleton was exhumed and displayed at the [[Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery]], while Patty Clark's skeleton was dissected out of her body by [[Morton Allport]] soon after she died. [[Edward Crowther (politician)|Dr Edward Crowther]] and his son Dr William Edward Crowther purchased land at Oyster Cove in 1900 and by 1909 had exhumed the remains of fourteen people from the Aboriginal cemetery for their collection.<ref name="trade">{{cite book |last1=Pybus |first1=Cassandra |title=A Very Secret Trade |date=2024 |publisher=Allen & Unwin |location=Crows Nest |isbn=9781761066344}}</ref>
The locality was returned to the Indigenous people of Tasmania in 1995 under the [[Aboriginal Lands Act 1995]],{{r|Austlii – ABORIGINAL LANDS ACT 1995 – Act 98 of 1995}} and in 1999 Oyster Cove was declared an [[Indigenous Protected Area]].{{r|Department of the Environment (Australia) – 5 July 2013 – Risdon Cove and Putalina Indigenous Protected Areas}} By this time, many of stolen Aboriginal skeletal remains had been repatriated to the local Aboriginal community.<ref name="trade" />
===Further development===
Oyster Cove Post Office opened in 1897 and closed in 1924. It re-opened in 1927 and closed in 1964.<ref name = "Post Office">{{Cite web | title = Post Office List | publisher = Premier Postal Auctions | url = https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=Tas&country= | access-date = 21 September 2020}}</ref>
In 1894, teacher [[Lily Poulett-Harris]] established the first woman's [[cricket]] league in Australia at Oyster Cove, The Oyster Cove Ladies Club.<ref>{{cite news |title=Women's cricket in Australia is not such a new idea – it all started on a small island |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-05-31/womens-cricket-in-australia-started-in-southern-tasmania/12282814 |work=www.abc.net.au |date=30 May 2020 |language=en-AU}}</ref>
Oyster Cove was gazetted as a locality in 1968.<ref name=Placename>{{cite web |url=https://www.placenames.tas.gov.au/#p1 |title=Placenames Tasmania – Oyster Cove |author=<!--Not stated--> |publisher=Placenames Tasmania |access-date=13 September 2020 |at=Select “Search”, enter "1173J", click “Search”, select row, map is displayed, click “Details”}}</ref>
==Geography==
The shore of the D’Entrecasteaux Channel forms the eastern boundary.<ref>{{google maps|url=https://www.google.com.au/maps/place/Oyster+Cove+TAS+7150/@-43.1195368,147.1990192,13z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0xaa6dd52ffa0bd947:0x403c94dd0de0ab0!8m2!3d-43.1036192!4d147.2199768 |title=Oyster Cove, Tasmania |access-date=13 September 2020}}</ref>
==Road infrastructure==
The [[Channel Highway]] (Route B68) passes through from north to south. Route C626 (Nicholls Rivulet Road) starts at an intersection with B68 and runs west until it exits.<ref name=Placename/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://dpipwe.tas.gov.au/Documents/Route%20Descriptions%20V3.6.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170801112712/http://dpipwe.tas.gov.au/Documents/Route%20Descriptions%20V3.6.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2017-08-01 |title=Tasmanian Road Route Codes |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=May 2017 |publisher=Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water & Environment |access-date=13 September 2020 }}</ref>
==See also==
* [[English Passengers]] by [[Matthew Kneale]]
== References ==
<ref name="Austlii – ABORIGINAL LANDS ACT 1995 – Act 98 of 1995">{{cite web
| url = http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/tas/consol_act/ala1995144/
| title = ABORIGINAL LANDS ACT 1995 – Act 98 of 1995
| publisher = [[Government of Tasmania]]
| access-date = 11 August 2014
}}</ref>
<ref name="Department of the Environment (Australia) – 5 July 2013 – Risdon Cove and Putalina Indigenous Protected Areas">{{cite web
| url = http://www.environment.gov.au/indigenous/ipa/declared/oyster-risdon.html
| title = Risdon Cove and Putalina Indigenous Protected Areas
| date = 5 July 2013
| publisher = [[Department of the Environment (Australia)]]
| access-date = 11 August 2014
}}</ref>
<ref name="University of Tasmania – The Companion to Tasmanian History – Oyster Cove">{{cite web
| url = http://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/O/Oyster%20Cove.htm
| title = The Companion to Tasmanian History – Oyster Cove
| date = 2006
| work = [[The Companion to Tasmanian History]]
| publisher = [[University of Tasmania]]
| access-date = 11 August 2014
}}</ref>
<ref name="University of Tasmania – The Companion to Tasmanian History – Wybalenna">{{cite web
| url = http://www.utas.edu.au/library/companion_to_tasmanian_history/W/Wybalenna.htm
| title = The Companion to Tasmanian History – Wybalenna
| date = 2006
| work = [[The Companion to Tasmanian History]]
| publisher = [[University of Tasmania]]
| access-date = 11 August 2014
}}</ref>
}}
▲{{Southern Tasmania |state=autocollapse}}
[[Category:Localities in Tasmania]]▼
[[Category:Protected areas of Tasmania]]
[[Category:Localities of Kingborough Council]]
[[Category:Localities of Huon Valley Council]]
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