Macquarie River: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox river
| name = Macquarie
| name_native = {{native name|wrh|Wambuul}}
| name_native_lang =
| name_other =
| name_etymology = Named in honour of {{ubl|[[Lachlan Macquarie]]<ref name="NLA1"/><ref name="Scott1"/><br />Wanbuul|Wambuul means winding river.<ref name="SBS 9 Nov 21"/>}}
<!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP -->
| image = Macquarie River.JPG
| image_size =
| image_caption = Wambuul Macquarie River flowing under the Evans Bridge in [[Bathurst, New South Wales|Bathurst]] <small>(taken in October 2006)</small>
| map =
| map_size =
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| tributaries_left = [[Fish River (Oberon)|Fish River]], [[Bell River (New South Wales)|Bell River]], [[Little River (Dubbo)|Little River]]
| tributaries_right = [[Turon River]], [[Cudgegong River]], [[Talbragar River]]
| bridges = Bathurst: {{bulleted list|[[Macquarie River railway bridge, Bathurst|Railway]]|Evans|[[Denison Bridge|Denison]]|Gordon Edgell|Rankens}} Wellington: {{bulleted list|[Railway|[Mitchell Highway]]|Temporary pontoon|Railway}} Guerie: Scabbing Flat<br/> Dubbo: {{bulleted list|Rawsonville|Dundullimal Railway|LH Ford|Emile Serisier|[[Macquarie River railway bridge, Dubbo|Railway]]|Emile Serisier|Newell Highway Bridge (Under Construction 2023)|Troy}} Trangie: Gin Gin<br/>Warren: {{bulleted list|Sturt|Bells}}
| custom_label = [[Reservoir]]
| custom_data = [[Lake Burrendong]]
| extra =
}}
 
'''Wambuul''' or '''Macquarie River''' is part of the Macquarie–[[Barwon River (New South Wales)|Barwon]] catchment within the [[Murray–Darling basin]], is one of the main inland rivers in [[New South Wales]], Australia. Since December 2021 Wambuul was recognised as a [[Dual naming#Australia|dual name]] to sit alongside the name Macquarie River. Both names have equal status and either or both names may be used.<ref name="SBS 9 Nov 21">{{Cite web|date=2021-11-09|title=Traditional Wiradjuri name approved for Macquarie River|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2021/11/09/traditional-wiradjuri-name-reinstated-macquarie-river1|access-date=2021-12-16|website=NITV|language=en}}</ref><ref name="ABC 17 Dec 21">{{Cite news|date=2021-12-16|title='Long time coming': From today, this major NSW river will be recognised by its Aboriginal name|language=en-AU|work=ABC News|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-17/macquarie-river-dual-named-with-aboriginal-word/100705092|access-date=2021-12-16}}</ref>
The '''Macquarie River''' or '''Wambuul''' is part of the Macquarie–[[Barwon River (New South Wales)|Barwon]] catchment within the [[Murray–Darling basin]], is one of the main inland rivers in [[New South Wales]], Australia.
 
The river rises in the central highlands of New South Wales near the town of [[Oberon, New South Wales|Oberon]] and travels generally northwest past the towns of [[Bathurst, New South Wales|Bathurst]], [[Wellington, New South Wales|Wellington]], [[Dubbo]], [[Narromine]], and [[Warren, New South Wales|Warren]] to the [[Macquarie Marshes]]. The Macquarie Marshes then drain into the [[Darling River]] via the lower Barwon River.
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==Name==
The [[Wiradjuri]] are the people of the three rivers, Wambuul, Kalare ([[Lachlan River|Lachlan]]) and the Murrumbidjeri ([[Murrumbidgee River|Murrumbidgee]]). Wambuul means winding river, and included the tributary [[Fish River (Oberon)|Fish River]].<ref name="GNB proposal">{{cite web |url=https://www.gnb.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/229206/210616_RELEASE_Wambuul.pdf |title=Proposal to assign a dual name for Macquarie and Fish Rivers - Wambuul |date=16 June 2021 |access-date=2021-12-17 |publisher=Geographical Names Board of New South Wales}}</ref> It has also been spelt Wambool,.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article141799773 |title=Earliest squatters |newspaper=[[The Australasian]] |date=31 May 1930 |access-date=17 December 2021 |page=4 |via=Trove}}</ref>
 
The river was first documented for the British crown near Bathurst by European explorer, [[George Evans (explorer)|George Evans]] in 1812, who named the river in honour of [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] [[Lachlan Macquarie]],<ref name="NLA1">{{cite news |date=14 November 1953 |title=Beyond That Blue Horizon |page=7 |newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article27520951 |access-date=27 March 2012 |via=Trove}}</ref><ref name="Scott1">{{cite book|author=Evans, George|url=http://gutenberg.net.au/ausdisc/ausdisc2-02.html|title=Australian Discovery|publisher=Project Gutenberg Australia|editor=Scott, Ernest|volume=Book 2. Discovery by land|publication-date=2002|chapter=II. Evans's Journal of his journey to the Bathurst Plains|format=Electronic book|author-link=George Evans (explorer)|access-date=27 March 2012}}</ref> who served as the last autocratic [[Governor of New South Wales|Governor]] of the [[Colony of New South Wales]], from 1810 to 1821.
 
In December 2021, ''Wambuul'' was recognised as an official [[Dual naming#Australia|dual name]] by the [[Geographical Names Board of New South Wales]] after support from a local movement and the Bathurst Local Aboriginal Land Council. Either or both names may be used and both are given equal status.<ref>{{Cite nameweb|date="SBS2021-11-09|title=Traditional 9Wiradjuri Novname 21"approved for Macquarie River|url=https://www.sbs.com.au/nitv/article/2021/11/09/traditional-wiradjuri-name-reinstated-macquarie-river1|access-date=2021-12-16|website=NITV|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-12-16|title='Long time coming': From today, this major NSW river will be recognised by its Aboriginal name|language=en-AU|work="ABC News|url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-12-17 Dec 21"/macquarie-river-dual-named-with-aboriginal-word/100705092|access-date=2021-12-16}}</ref><ref>{{Gazette NSW |url=https://files.proposals.gnb.nsw.gov.au/documents/1639615748350/49ef72fd-3d29-493e-b816-8b6019578563-Gazette_Sec_10_Wambuul.pdf |title=Wambuul assigned as a dual name for the geographical feature already named Macquarie River |author=Geographical Names Board |access-date=2021-12-17}}</ref>
 
==Geography==
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A number of rivers and creeks flow into the Wambuul Macquarie River, with descending elevation as follows:<ref name=bonzle/>
{| class="wikitable" width="auto" style="text-align: left"
!Tributary
|-
!colspan=12 bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|TributaryElevation at junction
!colspan=2 bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Elevation at junction
|-
|[[Fish River (New South Wales)|Fish River]]||{{convert|670|m}}
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{| class="wikitable" width="auto" style="text-align: left"
!width="90pt" |Location
|-
!width="90pt150pt" colspan=1|Bridge bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Locationname
!width="1050pt" colspan=1 bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Comments/use
!width="150pt" colspan=1 bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Bridge name
!Image
!width="1050pt" colspan=1 bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Comments/use
!colspan=1 bgcolor="#CCCCCC"|Image
!Notes
|-
|rowspan=5|Bathurst||[[Macquarie River railway bridge, Bathurst|Railway bridge, Main Western line]] ||This bridge served the [[Main Western railway line, New South Wales|Main Western]] and [[Broken Hill railway line]]s from 1876 to {{circa|2005}}. The wrought iron lattice girder bridge was constructed to the design of [[John Whitton]], the Chief Engineer of the [[New South Wales Government Railways|NSW Government Railways]], and is listed on the [[New South Wales Heritage Register]]. The railway bridges at Wellington and Dubbo (see below) are to the same design. A concrete girder bridge replaced the 1870 bridge in {{circa|2005}}. ||align="center"|[[File:Railway bridge over the Macquarie River, Bathurst 1.jpg|120px]] || <ref>{{cite NSW SHR|5045113|Bathurst rail bridge over Macquarie River|date=5 September 2008|access-date=27 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
||Evans Bridge, Great Western Hwy||A road and pedestrian crossing for the [[Great Western Highway]]/Sydney Road. The Evans Bridge is Bathurst's main traffic thoroughfare across the Macquarie River, linking the central business district with Kelso, and hence, [[Sydney]].||align="center"|[[Image:Evans Bridge.JPG|120px]] ||
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||Railway bridge, Main Western line||Opened in 1881 and built to the same design by John Whitton as the Bathurst and Dubbo railway bridges.|| ||
|-
|[[Geurie, New South Wales|Geurie]]||Scabbing Flat Bridge||A [[Historic bridges of New South Wales#Dare type truss|Dare type timber truss bridge]], it was completed in 1911 and serves road traffic only. || || <ref name=scabbing>{{cite web |url=http://www.rta.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/index.cgi?action=heritage.show&id=4300179 |title=Scabbing Flat Bridge over Macquarie River |work=Heritage and conservation register |publisher=Government of New South Wales: [[Roads & Maritime Services]] |access-date=21 February 2011 |date=17 April 2009}}</ref>
|-
|rowspan=6|Dubbo||Rawsonville Bridge||A Dare type timber truss bridge that was completed in 1916, the bridge serves road traffic only. || || <ref name=rawsonville>{{cite NSW HD|4300182|Rawsonville Bridge over Macquarie River|access-date=21 February 2011 |date=17 April 2009}}</ref>
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||Dundullimal Railway Bridge ||Opened in 1925 as part of the loop railway from Molong to Dubbo.|| [[File:Shibble Bridge and Dundullimal Railway Bridge over the Macquarie River (1).jpg|center|120x120px]] || <ref name=dundullimal>{{cite web|url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3567935|title=Dundullimal Railway Bridge over the Macquarie River, Dubbo, New South Wales |work=Catalogue: E.A. Crome aviation project |publisher=Trove |date=9 June 2005 |author=Seselja, Loui |access-date=21 February 2011}}</ref>
|-
||[[L.H. Ford Bridge|LH Ford Bridge]], Mitchell Hwy||This bridge was completed in 1970 and replaced the Albert Bridge that originally operated as a toll bridge, was constructed of timber, and featured three arches. The L H Ford Bridge is Dubbo's main traffic thoroughfare across the Macquarie River, linking the central business district with West Dubbo. It provides both road and pedestrian access.||align="center"|[[File:LH Ford Bridge over the Macquarie River viewed from the Lions Park boat ramp (2).jpg|120x120px]]|| <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cobbandco.net.au/trails/area-trails/65-dubbo.html |title=Dubbo area |work=Cobb & Co Heritage Trail |publisher=Bathurst Regional Council |access-date=24 March 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130409003819/http://cobbandco.net.au/trails/area-trails/65-dubbo.html |archive-date=9 April 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/local/stories/2008/04/14/2216317.htm |title=LH Ford Bridge to close |author=Dunkley, Andrew |date=14 April 2008 |work=ABC News |location=Western Plains, Australia |access-date=24 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
||[[Emile Serisier Bridge]], Newell Hwy||A low level bridge built for the [[Newell Highway]] to bypass Dubbo city centre.|| [[File:Eastern end of the Emile Serisier Bridge.jpg|center|120x120px]] ||
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||Troy Bridge ||Located north of Dubbo|| || <ref>{{cite web |url=http://dubbo-nsw.street-map.net.au/troy-bridge-rd/ |title=Troy Bridge Rd, Dubbo Map |publisher=Leadingedge |access-date=24 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
|Trangie||[[Gin Gin, New South Wales|Gin Gin]] Bridge||A standard Callendar-Hamilton truss bridge, prefabricated in England for the then-[[Departnment of Main Roads (New South Wales)|Department of Main Roads]]. The {{convert|101|m|ft|adj=mid|-long}} bridge was opened in February 1963.||align="center"|[[Image:GinGinMacquarieRiverBridge.JPG|120px]] ||
|-
|rowspan=2|Warren||Sturt Bridge || || || <ref name=SMHWarren/>
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*north of Dubbo, the Talbragar River joins the Macquarie. The Talbragar is the most important downstream tributary. This river rises in mountainous country at the junction of the Great Dividing Range and the [[Liverpool Range]]. The country through which the Talbragar River runs is broad and flat, bordered by undulating hills that disperse as the river nears Dubbo.
*north of Dubbo, the river passes through flat plains flowing north-west through Narromine and Warren. A complex series of effluent creeks connect the Macquarie, Darling and Bogan Rivers.
*Macquarie Marshes lie at the end of the river channel proper. Near [[Carinda, New South Wales|Carinda]], the Macquarie is joined by Marthaguy Creek which drains an area {{convert|6500|km2}} and carries spill-over water from the Macquarie and Castlereagh Rivers during floods.
 
===Rainfall===
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==Statistics==
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse;margin:1em auto;"
<center>
{| class="toccolours" border="1" cellpadding="3" style="border-collapse:collapse"
|+ '''River catchment statistics (May 2009)<ref name="anra" />'''
|- bgcolor=#6495ED
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|-
|}
</center>
 
==History==
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===Irrigation===
The Macquarie River catchment is a regulated Water Management Area and includes private irrigation as well as several public irrigation schemes<ref name=irrigation>{{cite web |url=http://www.water.gov.au/regionalwaterresourcesassessments/specificgeographicregion/TabbedReports.aspx?PID=NSW_SW_421R |title=Macquarie River – Regulated |work=Regional Water Resource Assessment – Surface Water Management Area |publisher=National Water Commission, Commonwealth of Australia |date=5 June 2007 |access-date=22 February 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225013348/http://www.water.gov.au/RegionalWaterResourcesAssessments/SpecificGeographicRegion/TabbedReports.aspx?PID=NSW_SW_421R |archive-date=25 February 2011 }}</ref> located at Narromine – Trangie, Buddah Lakes, Tenandra, Trangie – Nevertire, Nevertire, and Marthaguy.
 
===The River is classified as over-subscribed===
 
===Flooding===
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*1867{{spaced ndash}}devastating floods wash away the first Denison Bridge at Bathurst<ref name=denison/> and also debris damages Ranken's Bridge
*1955{{spaced ndash}}serious flooding of Macquarie River amongst other river systems
*1979{{spaced ndash}} heavy flooding of the low lying sections along the river <ref>{{cite web|url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.map-vn1724028|title=Bathurst flood inundation map, Macquarie River [cartographic material] |publisher=New South Wales. Water Resources Commission |via=Trove}}</ref>
*1986{{spaced ndash}}severe localised flooding in Bathurst<ref name=Bx>{{cite web |url=http://www.bathurst.nsw.gov.au/engineering/technical-services/floodplain-management/257-flood-history.html |title=Flood History |publisher=Bathurst Regional Council |access-date=24 March 2012}}</ref>
*1990{{spaced ndash}}severe localised flooding in Bathurst<ref name=Bx/>
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==References==
{{Reflist|230em}}
 
==External links==
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{{Rivers of the Murray–Darling basin|state=collapsed}}
 
[[Category:Rivers of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Tributaries of the Darling River]]
[[Category:Murray-Darling basin]]
[[Category:Newell Highway]]