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The laws of that time excluded native Alaskan women from voting but included all other women, not just white women. See Women's suffrage in Alaska for details. |
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[[File:"Here_and_in_London"_Alaska_women's_suffrage,_c._1913_published_in_the_Tacoma_Daily_Ledger.png|thumb|"Here and in London" Alaska women's suffrage, c. 1913 published in the ''Tacoma Daily Ledger'']]
This is a '''timeline of women's suffrage in Alaska'''. Non-native women in [[Alaska]] had the right to vote in school board elections starting in 1904. In 1913, the first Territorial Legislature passed the Shoup Suffrage Bill which gave non-native women the right to vote in all elections. [[Alaska Natives|Alaska Native]] women had a longer road fighting for their right to vote. First, they had to be declared citizens of the United States, but even after that happened in 1924, additional barriers were put in place. These included literacy tests and segregation. The [[Voting Rights Act of 1965]] helped remove many barriers that Alaska Natives faced in exercising their right to vote.
== 20th century ==
[[File:Alfred_Shoup,_Conrad_Freeding,_W.W._Shorthill_watch_Governor_Walter_E._Clark_sign_House_Bill_2,_giving_Alaska_women_the_right_to_vote.jpg|thumb|Alfred Shoup, Conrad Freeding, W.W. Shorthill watch Governor Walter E. Clark sign House Bill 2, giving white Alaska women the right to vote]]
=== 1900s ===
'''1904'''
* Alaska women are given the right to vote in school board elections.{{Sfn|Harper|1922|p=714}}{{Sfn|Christen|2019|p=90}}
=== 1910s ===
Line 9 ⟶ 16:
* Representative [[Frank Wheeler Mondell|Frank W. Mondell]] adds an amendment to a bill making Alaska an [[U.S. territory|American Territory]] that would allow the territorial legislature to legislate equal suffrage for women.{{Sfn|Harper|1922|p=713}}
*[[Cornelia Templeton Hatcher]] drafts a petition to the territorial legislature of Alaska for women's suffrage.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lapka|first=Alyssa|date=13 March 2019|title=The Life of Cornelia Templeton Jewett Hatcher|url=https://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/the-life-of-cornelia-templeton-jewett-hatcher/
*[[Nellie Cashman]] is the first woman to vote in Alaska.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Lange|first=Jeva|date=2020-08-18|title=5 important suffragists you didn't learn about in school|url=https://theweek.com/articles/931661/5-important-suffragists-didnt-learn-about-school
*The [[Alaska Native Brotherhood/Sisterhood|Alaska Native Brotherhood]] (ANB) is formed.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Sostaric|first=Katarina|date=2015-10-12|title=Alaska Native Sisterhood celebrates 100th anniversary in Wrangell|url=https://www.ktoo.org/2015/10/11/alaska-native-sisterhood-celebrates-100th-anniversary-wrangell/
'''1913'''
* The Shoup Woman Suffrage bill is passed in 1913, giving women the right to vote in Alaska if they are considered United States citizens.<ref>{{Cite web
*'''March 21''': The Shoup Suffrage bill is signed into law.{{Sfn|Harper|1922|p=713}}
'''1915'''
* The [[Alaska Native Brotherhood/Sisterhood|Alaska Native Sisterhood]] (ANS) is formed.<ref name=":0" />
*Alaska Natives are allowed to vote if they give up "tribal customs and traditions."<ref>{{Cite web
=== 1920s ===
'''1924'''
* The [[Indian Citizenship Act]] is passed.<ref>{{Cite web
'''1925'''
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'''1943'''
* [[Chinese Americans]] are able to vote after the passage of the [[Magnuson Act]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Carney|first=Amy
'''1945'''
Line 50 ⟶ 57:
'''1965'''
* The [[Voting Rights Act of 1965|Voting Rights Act]] (VRA) is passed which helps remove many voting barriers to Native Alaskans.<ref name=":1" />
'''1967'''
Line 56 ⟶ 63:
=== 1970s ===
'''1970'''
* Literacy tests are ended in Alaska.{{Sfn|Christen|2019|p=98}}
'''1975'''
* The VRA is modified to provide voting information in Native languages.{{Sfn|Tucker|Landreth|Lynch|2017|p=336}}
== See also ==
* [[List of Alaska suffragists]]
* [[Women's suffrage in Alaska]]
* [[Women's suffrage in states of the United States]]
* [[Women's suffrage in the United States]]
== References ==
<!--- See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags, these references will then appear here automatically -->
{{Reflist|30em}}
=== Sources ===
* {{Cite journal|last=Christen|first=Morgan|date=2019|title=Alaska Native Women's Long Road to Suffrage|url=https://www.njchs.org/wp-content/uploads/wlh_30-1_crp_color1.pdf|journal=Western Legal History|volume=30|issue=1|pages=
*{{Cite journal|last=Cole|first=Terrence M.|date=November 1992|title=Jim Crow in Alaska: The Passage of the Alaska Equal Rights Act|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/970301|journal=Western Historical Quarterly|volume=23|issue=4|pages=
*{{Cite book|last=Harper|first=Ida Husted|url=https://
*{{Cite journal|last1=Tucker|first1=James Thomas|last2=Landreth|first2=Natalie A.|last3=Lynch|first3=Erin Dougherty|date=2017|title='Why Should I Go Vote Without Understanding What I Am Going to Vote For?' The Impact of First Generation Voting Barriers on Alaska Natives|url=https://repository.law.umich.edu/mjrl/vol22/iss2/5/|journal=Michigan Journal of Race and Law|volume=22|issue=2 |pages=327–382|doi=10.36643/mjrl.22.2.why |s2cid=149117802 |doi-access=free}}
{{Authority control}}
<!--- Categories --->
[[Category:Women's suffrage in Alaska]]
[[Category:Politics of Alaska]]
[[Category:Timelines of women's suffrage in the United States by state|Alaska]]
[[Category:Suffrage referendums]]
[[Category:Suffragists from Alaska]]
[[Category:History of women's rights in the United States]]
[[Category:History of women in Alaska]]
[[Category:Alaska politics-related lists|Women's suffrage]]
[[Category:Alaska history-related lists]]
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