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{{Short description|Iranian politician, spokeswoman and hostage-taker during the 1979–1981 Iran hostage crisis}}
{{Lead too short|date=September 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Masoumeh Ebtekar
| image = Portrait of Masoumeh Ebtekar.jpg
| caption = Ebtekar in 2015
| birth_name = Masoumeh Ebtekar
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1960|9|21|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Tehran]], [[Pahlavi dynasty|Imperial State of Iran]]
| order = [[Vice President of Iran]]<br />[[Vice Presidency for Women and Family Affairs|for Women and Family Affairs]]
| term_start = 9 August 2017
| term_end = 1 September 2021
| president = [[Hassan Rouhani]]
| predecessor = [[Shahindokht Molaverdi]]
| successor = [[Ensieh Khazali]]
| order1 = [[Vice President of Iran]]<br />[[Department of Environment (Iran)|Head of Department of Environment]]
| term_start1 = 10 September 2013
| term_end1 = 13 August 2017
| president1 = [[Hassan Rouhani]]
| predecessor1 = [[Mohammad-Javad Mohammadizadeh|Javad Mohammadizadeh]]
| successor1 = [[Isa Kalantari]]
| order2 =
| term_start2 = 23 August 1997
| term_end2 = 7 September 2005
| president2 = [[Mohammad Khatami]]
| predecessor2 = [[Hadi Manafi]]
| successor2 = [[Fatemeh Javadi]]
| order3 = [[City Council of Tehran|Member of the City Council of Tehran]]
| term_start3 = 29 April 2007
| term_end3 = 3 September 2013
| majority3 = 232,959 (14.06%)
| party = [[Islamic Iran Participation Front]] (1998–2010)<br/>[[Union of Islamic Iran People Party]] (2010–present)
| alma_mater = [[Shahid Beheshti University]]<br />[[Tarbiat Modares University]]
| occupation = Politician, Scientist and Journalist
| spouse = [[Mohammad Hashemi]] {{small|(m. 1981)}}
| children = 2
| parents = Taghi Ebtekar {{small|(father)}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mehrnews.com/news/2133002/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B7|title=معصومه ابتکار؛ از تسخیر لانه جاسوسی تا ریاست دوباره سازمان محیط زیست|date=10 September 2013|website=Mehrnews.com}}</ref><br />Fatemeh Barzegar {{small|(mother)}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bornanews.ir/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-3/461160-%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5|title=پاسخ مادر معصومه ابتکار به اتهامات یک خبرگزاری خاص|website=Bornanews.ir|access-date=14 July 2018|archive-date=10 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010193808/http://www.bornanews.ir/%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C-3/461160-%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA-%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AE%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| signature = Official signature of Masoumeh Ebtekar.png
| signature_alt =
| website = [https://web.archive.org/web/20200809024748/https://greenebtekar.persinablog.ir/]
| native_name_lang = fa
| native_name = {{nobold|معصومه ابتکار}}
}}
'''Masoumeh Ebtekar''' ({{lang-fa|معصومه ابتکار}}; born 21 September 1960) is an Iranian [[Iranian Reformists|reformist]] politician, who was the former [[Vice Presidency for Women and Family Affairs|Vice President of Iran for Women and Family Affairs]], from August 9, August 2017, to 1 September 1, 2021. She previously headed [[Department of Environment (Iran)|Department of Environment]] from 1997 to 2005, making her [[List of female members of the Cabinet of Iran|the first female member]] in the [[cabinet of Iran]] since 1979 and the third in history. She held the same level of office from 2013 to 2017. She is a full professor at Tarbiat Modares University in the School of Medical Sciences, Immunology Department.
 
Ebtekar was nicknamed "Mary", when she was the spokeswoman of the students who climbed up the US embassy during the 1979 revolution in Iran and [[Iran hostage crisis|held US embassy staff in captivity for 444 days]], an incident led to the [[Iran–United States relations|45 years long feud between Iran and America]]. Ebtekar's son, Isa Hashemi is now residing in the United States. She said in an interview "we have to respect people’s individuality, my son decided to study and work in America and there is nothing wrong with that, this doesn't mean he supports the hegemonic nature of America’s domination."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/son-of-iranian-hostage-takers-schooled-by-great-satan/27300298.html|title=Son Of Iranian Hostage-Takers Is Schooled By 'Great Satan'|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |last1=Esfandiari |first1=Golnaz }}</ref>
Ebtekar was nicknamed "Mary", when she was the spokeswoman of the students who took [[Iran hostage crisis|hostages and occupied the US Embassy]] in 1979. Later she became the head of the Environment Protection Organization of Iran during the administration of President [[Mohammad Khatami]], and was a [[city council]]woman of [[Tehran]] from 2007 to 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20061218/ap_on_re_mi_ea/iran_elections|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061227004151/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20061218/ap_on_re_mi_ea/iran_elections|archive-date=2006-12-27|title=Local vote embarrassing Iran president - Yahoo! News|date=27 December 2006}}</ref>
 
Ebtekar was nicknamed "Mary", when she was the spokeswoman of the students who took [[Iran hostage crisis|hostages and occupied the US Embassy]] in 1979. Later she became the head of the Environment Protection Organization of Iran during the administration of President [[Mohammad Khatami]], and was a [[city council]]woman of [[Tehran]] from 2007 to 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20061218/ap_on_re_mi_ea/iran_elections|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061227004151/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20061218/ap_on_re_mi_ea/iran_elections|archive-date=2006-12-27|title=Local vote embarrassing Iran president - Yahoo! News|date=27 December 2006}}</ref>
 
==Education and family==
Ebtekar was born in Tehran as Masoumeh, Niloufar Ebtekar in a middle-class family.<ref name=Janjigian1981>{{cite news |title=What next for 'Mary' of Tehran? |first=Jane |last=Janjigian |date=26 February 1981 |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |page=B4}}</ref> Her first name translates to "Innocent Water Lily" in English.<ref name=Janjigian1981/> Ebtekar's father studied at the [[University of Pennsylvania]], and she lived with her parents in [[Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania]], just outside [[Philadelphia]].<ref name="archives.upenn.edu">{{cite web |url=http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/intrntnl/country/mideast.html |title=A Brief History of Global Engagement at the University of Pennsylvania |publisher=Archives.upenn.edu, [[University of Pennsylvania]] |access-date=2008-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110519015838/http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/intrntnl/country/mideast.html |archive-date=2011-05-19 |url-status=dead }}</ref> During her six years in Philadelphia, she developed "near-perfect, American-accented English."<ref name=Sciolino116>Sciolino, Elaine, ''Persian Mirrors : the Elusive Face of Iran'', Free Press, (2005), p. 116</ref> Returning to Iran she enrolled in [[Iranzamin School|Iranzamin (Tehran International School)]]. Later after graduation as a student, she became a supporter of the political Islam of [[Ali Shariati]] and began wearing a traditional black chador covering everything except her face.<ref>Bowden, Mark, ''Guests of the Ayatollah'', [[Atlantic Monthly Press]], 2006, p. 161</ref>
 
Ebtekar holds a BSc degree in laboratory science from [[Shahid Beheshti University]], a MSc and PhD in [[immunology]] from [[Tarbiat Modares University]] in 1995, where she still teaches. Ebtekar is married to Seyyed Mohammad Hashemi who is a businessman in the private sector. They have two children.
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==Academic career==
Ebtekar has served as faculty member at [[Tarbiat Modares University]], which is a postgraduate academic center located in Tehran. As Professor of Immunology, she has taught, supervised and advised PhD and MSc students. Ebtekar currently teaches cytokines, viral immunology, HIV vaccines, aging, immunology of the nervous system and psychoneuroimmunology.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scopus.com/results/results.url?sort=plf-f&src=s&st1=Ebtekar&st2=M&nlo=1&nlr=20&nls=count-f&sid=WJnfVAks6m894s4NvoAH85E%3a63&sot=anl&sdt=aut&sl=38&s=AU-ID%28%22Ebtekar%2c+Massoumeh%22+6602660822%29&txGid=WJnfVAks6m894s4NvoAH85E%3a6|title= Welcome to Scopus|publisher=Scopus}}</ref> She has currently filed 72 ISI scientific articles in the field of immunology in Scopus in her name.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6602660822#|title=Scopus preview - Scopus - Author details (Ebtekar, Massoumeh)|website=Scopus.com}}</ref> In her speech to the Eleventh International Congress of Immunology in Tehran,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ebtekarm.blogspot.com|title=Persian Paradox|website=Ebtekarm.blogspot.com}}</ref> she mentioned the detrimental effect of sanctions on the advancement of science in Iran and noted that sanctions should not be directed against nations. Ebtekar is a member of several research board committees and a reviewer for two international and four national immunology journals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.insf.org|title=صندوق حمایت از پژوهشگران و فناوران کشور – خانه|website=Insf.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindawi.com/isrn/immunology/editors/|title=International Scholarly Research Notices - An Open Access Journal|website=Hindawi.com|access-date=2012-10-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130319015825/http://www.hindawi.com/isrn/immunology/editors/|archive-date=2013-03-19|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Ebtekar was promoted to full Professorship in JanJanuary 2019 and elected as Immunology & Allergy Association in 2018.
 
===Claims of scientific misconduct===
On 7 October 2008, [[eTBLAST]], a text similarity search engine on [[MEDLINE]] database, noted that 85% of a review paper published by Masoumeh Ebtekar came from several previously published articles. The review paper, on cytokines and air pollution, was published in 2006 in the ''Iran Journal of Allergy Asthma Immunology'' (IJAAI) 5 47-56:2006.<ref name="eTBLAST">[http://spore.swmed.edu/dejavu/duplicate/9866/] {{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> A couple weeks after the eTBLAST report, ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'' covered the story, quoting one of the authors of original papers, ([[Ian Mudway]], a [[toxicologist]] at the [[King's College London]]) as saying, "the article is a veritable patchwork of other people's work, word for word, grammatical error for grammatical error." ''Nature'' also stated that Ebtekar had not replied to its emails.<ref>[http://www.nature.com/news/2008/081022/full/4551019a.html Iranian paper sparks sense of deja vu], Nature.com, 23 October 2008, Vol 455,</ref> In response, the editor-in-chief of the IJAAI issued a statement saying: "We regret for this duplication that appeared in the journal. We are working with the editors of the JACI journal [the ''[[Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology]]'', a scholarly periodical that published three of the papers from which Ebtekar had copied] to find the best solution in this regard." In December 2008 Ebtekar's article was retracted.<ref name="eTBLAST"/>
 
The issue received some political and public attention in Iran.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://alef.ir/content/view/32958/ |title=Alef.ir |publisher=Alef.ir |access-date=2008-11-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081031101013/http://alef.ir/content/view/32958/ |archive-date=2008-10-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ebtekar issued a statement admitting she had made a mistake and apologizing for it, but including a list of complaints such as eTBLAST's failure to inform her of their finding in advance, the fact that the article was a review article she was invited to write for the Journal, and that more than 76 references were given in the text.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://greenebtekar.persianblog.ir/post/232/|title=ابتكار سبز >> بازگشت از بارسلون و پاسخ به یک ادعا|publisher=Greenebtekar.persianblog.ir|access-date=2008-11-18|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205095706/http://greenebtekar.persianblog.ir/post/232|archive-date=2009-02-05}}</ref>
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===President of the 12th International Congress of Immunology===
 
In 2013 Ebtekar was elected as the President of the 12th International Congress of Immunology. The Congress was held on April 29, April 2014. Ebtekar spoke in the opening ceremony and introduced [[Rolf M. Zinkernagel|Rolf Zinkernagel]], the Nobel Laureate for Medicine, as the guest of honour.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icia.ir|title=کنگره بین المللی ایمونولوژی و آلرژی ایران|website=Icia.ir}}</ref>
 
==Social and political career==
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Ebtekar served as spokeswoman for the students in the [[Iran hostage crisis]] of 1979, where [[Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line]] occupied the US Embassy and held 52 Americans hostage for 444 days. Selected because of her good command of English, she made regular appearances on American television as translator and spokeswoman for the students, where she presented the official positions of the students. She was referred to as "Mary" by foreign press, and "Tiger Lily" by the hostages, a play on the translation of "Niloufar".<ref name=Sciolino117/><ref>{{cite book|title=The History of Iran|author=Elton L. Daniel|publisher=ABC-CLIO|page=248|isbn=978-0313375101 |edition=2|year=2012|series=The Greenwood Histories of the Modern Nations}}</ref>
 
Ebtekar wrote an account of the embassy takeover with [[Fred A. Reed]] titled ''Takeover in Tehran: The Inside Story of the 1979 U.S. Embassy Capture''.<ref>Ebtekar, Masoumeh; Reed, Fred A. (2000). ''Takeover in Tehran: The Inside Story of the 1979 U.S. Embassy Capture''. Talonbooks; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. {{ISBN|0-88922-443-9}}. The [[Persian language|Persian]] translation of this book was published in Tehran by Etellaat Newspaper Publications the same year and the Arabic translation was published in Beirut by Al Hadi Publications.</ref> Western media have systematically depicted Ebtekar's involvement in a negative manner, as Reed describes: "For twenty years the prevailing 'globalized' version of the embassy capture has cast the students at best as well-intentioned but naive young people manipulated ...and at worst as irresponsible extremists."<ref>''Takeover in Tehran'', 2001 , Talon Books, p. 16</ref> [[Elaine Sciolino]] wrote about Ebtekar's own viewpoint: "Asked by an ''[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]'' correspondent one day whether she could see herself picking up a gun and killing the hostages, she replied: 'yes. When I've seen an American gun being lifted up and killing my brothers and sisters in the streets, of course.'"<ref name=Sciolino117>Sciolino, ''Persian Mirrors'', (2005), p. 117</ref>
She is said to be remembered by many Americans (hostages such as David Roeder, Barbara Timm, the mother of hostage Kevin Hermening and those who watched her on television) with a great lack of fondness, in part because "her familiarity with America added profound emphasis to her rejection of it."<ref>Bowden, Mark, Guests of the Ayatollah , Atlantic Monthly Press, 2006, pp. 162–3</ref>
When asked by an American interviewer (Elaine Sciolino) in the late 1990s about her past as spokeswoman for the hostage-takers, why it did not appear on her resume, and why she had changed her name from Niloufar to Masoumeh, Ebtekar "had no apology and made no excuses" about her role,<ref>"Top Woman in Iran's Government Once Spoke for Hostage-Takers", ''New York Times'', January 28, 1998, p. A6</ref> describing the hostage taking as "the best direction that could have been taken" by Iran at the time, but surprised the interviewer with her "[[chutzpah]]", insisting that the interviewer "not write much about these things."<ref>Sciolino, ''Persian Mirrors'' (2005), p. 118</ref> Sciolino published this article in the ''New York Times'' unaware of the fact that Ebtekar's book (Takeover in Tehran) was in print and would be published in 2001.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
 
She was an advisor of [[Shahla Habibi]], head of the 'Bureau of Women's Affairs' under administration [[Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani]] in the 1990s, and was reportedly the "main driving-force" behind the office.<ref>{{citation|chapter=From Postrevolution to the Reforms|title=Veiled Employment: Islamism and the Political Economy of Women's Employment in Iran|series=Contemporary Issues in the Middle East |editor=Roksana Bahramitash |editor2=Hadi Salehi Esfahani|publisher=Syracuse University Press|year=2011|isbn=9780815651192|pages=113–120}}</ref>
 
In the 2012 film ''[[Argo (2012 film)|Argo]]'', Ebtekar was portrayed by [[Nikka Far]] and called only "Tehran Mary" in the credits.{{citation needed|date=March 2024}}
 
===Vice presidency first term (1997–2005)===
[[File:Masoumeh Ebtekar Sebastian Kurz September 2016 (29028967794).jpg|thumb|Ebtekar with Austrian foreign minister [[Sebastian Kurz]] in 2016]]
Ebtekar was the first woman to serve as [[Vice President of Iran|vice-president of Iran]] when the reformists came to power. Along with [[Zahra Shojaei]], she participated in the first cabinet since the Islamic Revolution to include women. She has been described as a leftist in [[Mohammad Khatami]]'s alliance.<ref name=Sciolino116/> Ebtekar headed the Department of Environment for eight years, introducing major structural, organizational and directional changes enabling a re-engineering of the government body. During her tenure environmental awareness and support for civil society activism in this area was enhanced.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ashgate.com/isbn/9781409402046|title=Women, Power and Politics in 21st Century Iran|date=28 April 2012|work=Routledge.com|access-date=31 October 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921141343/http://ashgate.com/isbn/9781409402046|archive-date=21 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
Ebtekar's appointment led to the revelation of her past, and in the US questions were raised about whether President Khatami was aware of "how deeply" the hostage-taking and holding, and anger towards its foremost public defender, "affected both the American government and the American people."<ref>"Top Woman in Iran's Government Once Spoke for Hostage-Takers," ''New York Times'', January 28, 1998, p. A6</ref> Many academics and literary critiques have written and expressed their views on her published memoirs.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2419961|title=Takeover in Tehran (Book Review): 675|date=14 July 2018|journal=Middle East Journal|volume=55|issue=3|access-date=14 July 2018}}</ref> Following this, "some ambassadors" in Tehran reportedly stated they would no "longer meet with her" and would "discourage official contract with her office."<ref>"Haven't I seen you somewhere before?", ''New York Times'', Feb. 1, 1998</ref> In her memoirs published as the "Grapes of Shahrivar", Ebtekar repeatedly refers to her cordial and official contacts with not only Western Ambassadors, but also many European Ministers and Presidents as well. (chapters 8-16-23-26-30-32-33)
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===Vice presidency second term (2013–2017)===
Ebtekar served as vice president and Head of the [[Department of Environment]] during the first term of [[President Rouhani]], 2013–2017.<ref name="انتخاب 2013">{{cite web | last=انتخاب | first=پایگاه خبری تحلیلی | title=شمخانی دبیر شورای عالی امنیت ملی شد، ابتکار رییس سازمان محیط زیست | website=پایگاه خبری تحلیلی انتخاب &#124; Entekhab.ir | date=2013-09-10 | url=http://www.entekhab.ir/fa/news/128365 | language=fa | access-date=2018-07-14}}</ref> During this period in spite of immense challenges facing Iran's environment, and irrespective of the fierce opposition of rival political and special interests groups, great strides were taken to enhance environmental governance and stewardship.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irna.ir/en/News/82453374|title=President Rouhani urges protecting environment|website=Irna.ir|date=5 March 2017 }}</ref> Twelve environmental bills, a strong chapter in the sixth National Development Plan and numerous directives and guidelines were implemented during this period, while national plans to enhance air quality were promoted through strong cross-sectoral, management leading to better air quality trends.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lobelog.com/irans-struggle-with-air-pollution/|title=Iran's Struggle with Air Pollution|date=7 March 2016|website=Lobelog.com}}</ref>
 
The national Low Carbon Economy Strategy was adopted; the Cabinet adopted its INDC and the Paris Agreement, which the Parliament also adopted. This led to important strides in renewable energy including more than 500 MW of new solar plants and much more underway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newsroom.unfccc.int/unfccc-newsroom/iran-submits-its-climate-action-plan-ahead-of-2015-paris-agreement/|title=UNFCCC|website=Newsroom.unfccc.int}}</ref> Restoration of wetlands according to ecosystem management schemes and local community participation was undertaken leading to revival of Houralazim wetland, designation of Hamoun as a Biosphere reserve<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tehrantimes.com/news/300238/UNESCO-registers-Lake-Hamoun-as-biosphere-reserve|title=UNESCO registers Lake Hamoun as biosphere reserve|date=3 April 2016|website=Tehrantimes.com}}</ref> and improvement of conditions in Urmia Lake and many other wetlands across Iran.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://hamounbiospherereserve.ir/en/news.php?rid=56 |title=Wetlands for our future: Sustainable livelihood |access-date=2017-09-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170502114151/http://hamounbiospherereserve.ir/en/news.php?rid=56 |archive-date=2017-05-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
 
A major campaign to enhance environment education, inclusion of 56 cases of environment related text and publication of the first textbook "Humans and the Environment" are some of the steps taken in this regard.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.isna.ir/news/92100804365/%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B7-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A8-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C|title=ورود "حقوق شهروندی"، "محیط زیست" و "نانو" به کتب درسی|date=29 December 2013|website=Isna.ir}}</ref>
A significant surge in the quantity and quality of civil society activism was the result of planning for enhanced nongovernmental organization participation in policy and oversight.{{citation needed|date=July 2018}} During this term private sector involvement in the management of protected areas and managing wildlife conservation was promoted through legislation and incentives. Introducing local legislation for management schemes of national parks and protected areas and for wildlife and endangered species conservation schemes for the first time.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.doe.ir/Portal/home/?news%2F196210%2F550488%2F564799%2F%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%82-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA-%D8%B4%D8%AF |title=سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست -اصلی-سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست/مصوبه قرق های اختصاصی برای اجرا ابلاغ شد |access-date=2016-08-09 |archive-date=2016-08-09 |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20160809071947/http://www.doe.ir/Portal/home/?news/196210/550488/564799/%D9%85%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%82-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA-%D8%B4%D8%AF |url-status=live }}</ref> Nature Rangers enjoyed high quality training and education programs while awareness campaigns led to improvements in their social status.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://coe.ac.ir/find.php?item=1.61.57.fa|title=بازدید معاون رییس جمهور از مرکز آموزش های محیط بانی دانشگاه محیط زیست|website=coe.ac.ir|access-date=14 July 2018|archive-date=12 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162458/http://coe.ac.ir/find.php?item=1.61.57.fa|url-status=dead}}</ref> International diplomacy in collaboration with [[UNEP]], [[UNDP]], [[JICA]], [[UNESCO]] led to many joint projects including participatory training for local farmers and villagers in Urumia basin area, Conservation of the Cheetah, Second International Seminar on Environment Religion and Culture, First [[UN]] Conference on Combating [[Dust]] and Sand Storms, Project for Restoration of Anzali Wetland, Project for Coastal Zone Management Projects and many others.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irdiplomacy.ir/en/page/1970945/The+Legacy+of+Massoumeh+Ebtekar+in+Iran%E2%80%99s+Department+of+Environment.html|title=The Legacy of Massoumeh Ebtekar in Iran's Department of Environment - diplomacy|website=diplomacy|access-date=14 July 2018}}</ref>
 
The fifth international Green Film festival<ref>{{cite web|url=https://financialtribune.com/articles/art-and-culture/41387/green-film-festival-opens-after-10-years|title=Green Film Festival Opens After 10 Years|date=13 May 2016|website=Financialtribune.com|access-date=14 July 2018}}</ref> was revived, four rounds of International Environment Exhibition, four rounds of Green Industry Competition and Four Rounds of the National Environment Award was convened during this term.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tehrantimes.com/news/414024/Iran-marks-World-Environment-Day-with-national-award|title=Iran marks World Environment Day with national award|date=7 June 2017|website=Tehrantimes.com}}</ref> 20 Bilateral and multilateral MOUs were signed and implemented leading to more than 50 technical and educational workshops and sessions. Nationwide campaigns on "no to plastics",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.entekhab.ir/fa/news/231483/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81-%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%81-%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C|title=کمپین نه به ظروف یکبار مصرف پلاستیکی|first=پایگاه خبری تحلیلی انتخاب |last=Entekhab.ir|website=پایگاه خبری تحلیلی انتخاب - Entekhab.ir}}</ref> "reduction of waste",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nasimonline.ir/Content/Detail/944456/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86-50-%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D9%87%D8%AF%D9%81-%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B4-%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A2%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%AF-|title=کمپین "50 گرم" با هدف کاهش تولید زباله آغاز می‌شود|website=Nasimonline.ir|date=31 October 2014 }}</ref> "and energy conservation",<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.doe.ir/portal/home/?news%2F196210%2F430636%2F523269%2F%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86-18-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%8C-%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%A7-%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%86%D9%87%D8%9F%21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180308103728/https://www.doe.ir/portal/home/?news%2F196210%2F430636%2F523269%2F%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86-18-%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%8C-%DA%86%D8%B1%D8%A7-%DA%A9%D9%87-%D9%86%D9%87%D8%9F%21 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2018-03-08 |access-date=2018-09-08 |title=سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست /اصلی/سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست/کمپین 18 درجه، چرا که نه؟! }}</ref> "no to [[food waste]]"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.akhbarrasmi.com/news/13950808170915700/%D8%A7%D9%93%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B2-%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C-%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81-%D8%BA%D8%B0%D8%A7/|title=آغاز کمپین ملی جلوگیری از اسراف غذا|date=29 October 2016|website=Akhbarrasmi.com}}</ref> and many others were supported and promoted. The National Committee on Sustainable Development was transformed into an efficient cross sectoral body to promote and monitor sustainability indicators at the national level.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://smallmedia.org.uk/media/projects/files/ParadiseLost_2016.pdf|title=Paradise Lost? Developing solutions to Iran's environmental crisis |website=Smallmedia.org.uk|access-date=13 July 2018}}</ref>
 
===Honors and awards===
Ebtekar was named one of the seven 2006 [[Champions of the Earth]] by the [[United Nations Environment Program]] as a prominent and "inspirational" environmental leader who has made an impact at policy level in a region of the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=17905&Cr=UNEP&Cr1=|title=United Nations News Centre|date=23 March 2006|work=UN News Service Section}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=BaniComm Co. |url=http://www.isna.ir/Main/NewsView.aspx?ID=News-688961&Lang=P |title=Iranian Students News Agency (in Persian) |publisher=Isna.ir |access-date=2008-11-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216014814/http://www.isna.ir/Main/NewsView.aspx?ID=News-688961&Lang=P |archive-date=2008-12-16 }}</ref> Ebtekar said that she believes the award was a team effort, earned by the scholars and experts that she assembled in her Department of the Environment. She names President Khatami as instrumental in stressing the importance of environmental initiatives.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.unep.org/champions/laureates/2006/ebtekarp.asp |title=Champions of the Earth - United Nations Environment Programme |access-date=2013-03-07 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130416015742/http://www.unep.org/champions/laureates/2006/ebtekarp.asp |archive-date=2013-04-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref> She was also named as one of 50 environmental leaders by ''The Guardian'' newspaper on January 5, January 2008; the only Iranian or Muslim woman in the list.<ref>{{cite news| title=50 people who could save the planet | work=The Guardian | date=5 January 2008 <!-- 12.55 GMT --> | url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2008/jan/05/activists.ethicalliving | location=London | first1=John | last1=Vidal | first2=David | last2=Adam | first3=Jonathan | last3=Watts | first4=Leo | last4=Hickman | first5=Ian | last5=Sample}}</ref>
 
In the 2012 editionand 2023<ref>{{cite web | url=https://themuslim500.com/profiles/masoumeh-ebtekar/ | title=Masoumeh Ebtekar }}</ref> editions of [https://web.archive.org/web/20131103145427/http://themuslim500.com/profile/dr-masoumeh-ebtekar The Muslim500] Ebtekar has been named as one of the 500 most influential Muslims in the world. Under the political section of this yearbook, Ebtekar is described as "a considerable force in the reformist movement in Iran".
 
On 24 January 2014, Ebtekar was awarded the Energy Globe Foundation Honorary Lifetime Achievement Award in Tehran.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.energyglobe.info/news/details/category/24/id/1895/|title=Energy Globe Award / News|website=Energyglobe.info|access-date=2014-03-14|archive-date=2016-04-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160413014556/http://www.energyglobe.info/news/details/category/24/id/1895/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 
On 29 November 2014, Masoumeh Ebtekar won the Italian Minerva Award for her scientific achievements and successful career in political arena. Minerva Award is a nongovernmental award established in 2009 in the name of Madame Anna Maria Mammoliti, Italian journalist and social activist after her death.
The Minerva Award has been presented to famous figures active in different social, economic, political and cultural fields, and the receivers have been mainly women.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://theiranproject.com/blog/2014/11/29/ebtekar-receives-italys-minerva-award/|title=Ebtekar receives Italy's Minerva Award|work=The Iran Project|date=29 November 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://roma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2014/11/27/foto/premio_minerva_2014_le_vincitrici-101618918/1/#2|title=Premio Minerva 2014, le vincitrici|date=27 November 2014|work=Roma – La Repubblica}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://roma.repubblica.it/cronaca/2014/11/27/news/premio_minerva_xxv_edizione_2014-101530204/|title=Premio Minerva XXV edizione 2014|date=27 November 2014|work=Repubblica.it}}</ref>
 
In May 2016 Ebtekar was awarded an Honorary Doctorate Degree in Political Science by the Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.mehrnews.com/news/116648/S-Korean-uni-gives-Ebtekar-honorary-doctorate-degree|title=S Korean uni. gives Ebtekar honorary doctorate degree|date=17 May 2016|website=En.mehrnews.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cna.org.cy/photoinfo.asp?id=f22be6c20d734c4a98acfa3a13207f3c |title=Iranian Vice President gets honorary doctorate |access-date=2016-05-23 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160922180845/http://www.cna.org.cy/photoinfo.asp?id=f22be6c20d734c4a98acfa3a13207f3c |archive-date=2016-09-22 }}</ref>
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Ebtekar co-founded the Center for Peace and Environment in 2005, a non-governmental organization devoted to the promotion of just and sustainable peace and the protection of the environment. More than 120 experts and academicians are currently members of the center.{{Citation needed|date=March 2013}}
 
Ebtekar served as a moderator in June 2008 at the International "Women, Equality and Peace" Conference held in Oslo, Norway. The conference was sponsored by the Foundation for [[Dialogue Among Civilizations]], [[Club de Madrid]] and [[the Oslo Center]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.farzanehjournal.com/index.php/articles/no-14/19-no-14-2-report-of-the-international-workshop-on-sharing-experiences-women-equality-and-peace|titlearchive-url=HugeDomainshttps://archive.today/20130216005540/http://en.farzanehjournal.com /index.php/articles/no-14/19-no-14-2-report-of-the-international-workshop-on-sharing-experiences-women-equality-and-peace|url-status=dead|archive-date=February 16, 2013|title=FarZaneHJournal.COM is for sale (Far Zane H Journal)|website=En.farzanehjournal.com}}</ref>
 
Ebtekar considered for running in the [[2009 Iranian presidential election|2009 presidential election]] after [[Guardian Council]] indicated that there is no "legal restraint" against women doing so.<ref>[http{{Cite web|url=https://www.tehrantimes.com/Index_view.asp?codenews/192200/Reformist-clerics-declare-support-for-Mousavi|title=192200Reformist Ebtekarclerics doesdeclare notsupport rule out presidential candidacy. ''tehran times'',for Mousavi|date=April 1413, 2009|website=Tehran ]Times}}</ref> However, she withdrew a few weeks before the election.
 
Ebtekar published her memoir as the first female Vice President of Iran, entitled the ''Grapes of Shahrivar'' on May 3, 2009.<ref name=greenebtekar291>{{cite web |last=Ebtekar |first=Masoumeh |date=May 3, 2009 |url=http://greenebtekar.persianblog.ir/post/291 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090602024151/http://greenebtekar.persianblog.ir/post/291 |archive-date=June 2, 2009 |access-date=December 31, 2012 |title=Memoirs |work=Green Ebtekar}} Published by Etelleat Newspaper Publishing House, the memoirs refer to the events of the reforms period in Iran.</ref> She has also published a collection of her essays and speeches on the environment and sustainable development, called ''Natural Peace''.<ref>published in 2005 by the Iranian Department of Environment. These speeches include titles such as Human Rights and Challenges of the Century, Perspectives on Sustainable Development and the Role of the Woman in Iranian Society, etc. She also had two articles from ''Natural Peace'' published in [http://www.ourplanet.com/imgversn/154/ebtekar.html ''Our Planet''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111213171727/http://www.ourplanet.com/imgversn/154/ebtekar.html |date=2011-12-13 }}, the Magazine of the United Nations Environment Program (in 2005), and ''Market Messengers'' (in 2006). www.unep.org</ref> After leaving her government position in 2005, Ebtekar has spoken as inaugural or keynote speaker at many international events.
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Ebtekar ran for and was elected to the [[City Council of Tehran|city council of Tehran]] for the term beginning in 2007, coming in 9th out of 21 candidates, just after [[Parvin Ahmadinejad]], the sister of the [[Mahmoud Ahmadinejad]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20061218/ap_on_re_mi_ea/iran_elections|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061227004151/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20061218/ap_on_re_mi_ea/iran_elections|title=Local vote embarrassing Iran president|archive-date=27 December 2006}}</ref> She established and heads the Tehran City Council Environment Committee and currently runs 20 working groups on environmental issues.
 
After election to the City Council of Tehran in early 2007, Ebtekar began a weblog in Persian entitled "''EbtekareSabz''" under the free blog service Persianblog. In her blog she wrote 430 posts in environmental, political, social and women's issues, posted over 10,000 comments, the blog had one million viewers in 3.5 years. ''EbtekareSabz'', which criticized the policies of the government and supported the reformist movement in Iran, was filtered by the Government once in early 2010 and again in June 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aftabnews.ir/vdcaa6n6u49nw61.k5k4.html|title=وبلاگ معصومه ابتکار فیلتر شد|website=Aftabnews.ir|access-date=2010-10-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100614100550/http://www.aftabnews.ir/vdcaa6n6u49nw61.k5k4.html|archive-date=2010-06-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> and finally obstructed with a judicial verdict in August.<ref>[http://www.mardomak.org/n.ews/masoome_ebtekar_has_been_filtered] {{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Citing the "right to freedom of expression in our constitution" as her incentive, she continued blogging by setting up a new blog.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.greenebtekar2.blogspot.com|title=ابتکار سبز|website=Greenebtekar2.blogspot.com}}</ref>
 
In 2009, the ''[[New York Times]]'' described her as "informally represent[ing] the views of many of the former hostage-takers", supporting "engagement with the West" and a renewal of the "original ideals of the revolution, including justice and freedom," which many of her peers believe have been abandoned by the current regime.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/04/world/middleeast/04hostages.html|title=In Iran, From Heroes to State Enemies|date=4 November 2009|work=The New York Times}}</ref>
 
In May 2013, Ebtekar signed up as a candidate for Tehran in the [[2013 Iranian local elections|2013 local elections]], along with hundreds of reformist candidates. During the vetting process that is conducted by government and Majlis representatives, the majority of candidates, including Ebtekar were disqualified.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/05/iran-city-council-elections.html|title=Why Iran's City Council Elections Matter|work=Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East|date=17 May 2013 }}</ref> Ebtekar mentioned her harsh criticism of government policies leading to air pollution and the deterioration of environmental standards as the main reason for her disqualification.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asriran.com/fa/news/273251|title=معصومه ابتکار: به خاطر پارازیت و آلودگی هوا ردصلاحیت شدم|first=عصر|last=ايران|website=عصر ايران}}</ref> Candidates who have objected to their disqualification will be considered for a final round in the Supreme Council for Election Regulation. She was also one of Reformists' candidates as [[Mayor of Tehran]]. However, [[Mohsen Hashemi]] becomes the final's nominate.
 
===Reappointment as Vice President===
After [[Hassan Rouhani]] [[2013 Iranian presidential election|elected]] as [[President of Iran]], Ebtekar who supported Rouhani openly, was one of the candidates for the [[Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (Iran)|Ministry of Science]]. However, she was appointed as Head of Environmental Protection Organization on 10 September 2013, a position she had formerly served for eight years under [[Mohammad Khatami]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tabnak.ir/fa/news/344270/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AD%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B8%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B7-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B4%D8%AF|title="معصومه ابتکار" رئیس سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست شد|website=Tabnak.ir}}</ref> On 1 August 2017, Ebtekar announced that she will be leaving her current position after the end of the [[Government of Hassan Rouhani (2013–present)|first Rouhani government]]. She was appointed as Vice President for Women Affairs'sand viceFamily presidentAffairs in [[Government of Hassan Rouhani (2017–2021)|second Rouhani government]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://president.ir/en/100117 | title=President appoints Dr Masoumeh Ebtekar as VP for women, family affairs }}</ref>
During the four years of Ebtekar's tenure the following measures were taken: 1) Adoption of 176 indicators for Gender Equity in the National Headquarters for Women and Family <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hamshahrionline.ir/news/400170/ | title=شاخص‌های اصلی عدالت جنسیتی تصویب شد | date=6 March 2018 }}</ref> 2) Based on local Status of women's statistics and Gender Equity Indicators each of the 31 Provinces of Iran adopted a provincial Plan for Women and Family Advancement <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1399/11/20/2449072/ | title=معاون امور بانوان رئیس‌ جمهور: اجرای سند وضعیت زنان "ارتقای شاخص‌های عدالت جنسیتی" را به دنبال دارد- اخبار کردستان - اخبار استانها تسنیم &#124; Tasnim }}</ref> 3) Progress on the advancement of Gender Equity Indicators and provincial plans was monitored through an online monitoring system.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/5096847/ | title=راه اندازی سامانه رصد و پایش شاخص های عدالت جنسیتی | date=15 December 2020 }}</ref> 4) In 2017 President Rouhani set a 30% quota for women in decision-making positions in his government as proposed by Shahindokht Molaverdi[[Shahindokht Molaverdi#cite note-10|<]] the previous Vice President,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1396/05/31/1498301/ | title=جزئیات مقررات جدید انتصاب مدیران/زنان صاحب 30درصد کُرسی‌های مدیریتی می‌شوند- اخبار اقتصادی تسنیم &#124; Tasnim }}</ref> thereby initiating a process of educating/ training and appointing women from medium to high level positions in the government. During a period of four years 8400 women were appointed: 2 as Vice Presidents, 97 as deputy ministers, 17 as deputy governors, 10 local governors, many as executive directors and managers in the administration.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.isna.ir/news/1400013119137/ | title=ابتکار: ۸۴۰۰ زن طی دولت دوازدهم وارد عرصه مدیریت شدند | date=20 April 2021 }}</ref> During this term 5 women Ambassadors were appointed for the first time.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.isna.ir/news/1400031410466/ | title=ابتکار: اولین سفیر زن را امام خمینی (ره) تعیین کرد | date=4 June 2021 }}</ref> As a result of this policy, the percentage of women in decision making positions rose from 5% in 2013 to 25% in 2021.<ref>[https://www.irna.ir/news/84398820/ ابتکار:‌ تعداد مدیران زن در دولت دوازدهم به بیش از ۲۵ درصد رسید] IRNA. (in Persian). Retrieved 28 March 2023</ref>
5) During this period 12 legal bills for the advancement of women were drafted, sent for adoption to the Cabinet or adopted in the Cabinet and sent as a bill for the Majlis or adopted ultimately as a law.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mehrnews.com/news/5132687/ | title=تدوین ۱۲ لایحه حقوقی در جهت حمایت از بانوان توسط معاونت زنان | date=27 January 2021 }}</ref> Among the most important was the bill on Prevention of Violence Against Women which was adopted by the government of Rouhani and sent to the Majlis to be initially adopted with changes about 3 years later in the Parliament and still pending final adoption.<ref name="irna.ir w757">{{cite web|language=fa|title=
ابتکار تصویب لایحه حمایت از زنان را به بانوان صبور ایرانی تقدیم کرد| website=irna.ir |date=
3 January 2021| url=https://www.irna.ir/news/84172612/ | access-date=10 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |language=fa| website=irna.ir | url=https://www.irna.ir/news/84335386/ |title=ابتکار: لایحه حمایت از زنان در برابر خشونت اعلام وصول شد| date=19 May 2021 | access-date=10 August 2023}}</ref> The bill entitled Support for Children and Juneviles was supported by the government of Rouhani and urgency for its adoption in the Majlis was requested resulting in the ultimate adoption of this law in 2021.<ref>{{cite news |title=تحلیل قانون حمایت از اطفال و نوجوانان مصوب ۱۳۹۹ |url=https://www.irna.ir/news/83863671/ |access-date=10 August 2023 |work=Irna |language=fa}}</ref> Another bill known as the Roumina Bill was presented by Ebtekar to the Cabinet and adopted to introduce more severe penalties for fathers who kill their children.<ref>[https://www.bartarinha.ir/-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2-20/1123174-%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84- Bartarinha]{{dead link|date=August 2023}}</ref> In addition, a bill allowing mothers to manage financial affairs of their children's bank accounts was presented and adopted in the cabinet and sent for final adoption to the Majlis.<ref>{{cite news |title=تصویب لایحه امکان برداشت مادران از حساب سپرده فرزندان |url=https://www.irna.ir/news/84380138/ |access-date=10 August 2023 |work=Irna |language=fa}}</ref> During this term for the first time, more than 900 by-laws and regulations related to women and family, some dating back several decades were codified, nullified or endorsed and finally adopted in the Cabinet.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.isna.ir/news/1400060805939/ | title=ابتکار: تنقیح مقررات زنان تصویب شد | date=30 August 2021 }}</ref>
 
During the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Iran]], Iranian state media announced that Ebtekar had been diagnosed with [[COVID-19]]. The infection was described as mild and she was not admitted to hospital.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.sky.com/story/coronavirus-irans-vice-president-masoumeh-ebtekar-infected-with-virus-11944552|title=Coronavirus: Iran's vice president Masoumeh Ebtekar has COVID-19 as 26 are killed by virus |website=Sky News|date=28 February 2020|access-date=28 February 2020}}</ref> On 11 March, Ebtekar tweeted that she had recovered from the virus.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/iran-vice-president-2-cabinet-members-reportedly-diagnosed-with-coronavirus/ |title=Iran vice president, 2 cabinet members reportedly diagnosed with coronavirus |website=[[Times of Israel]]|date=11 March 2020|access-date=11 March 2020}}</ref>
 
==Books==
In 2010 Ebtekar contributed to ''Moral Ground'' a testimony of over eighty visionaries—theologians and religious leaders, scientists, elected officials, business leaders, naturalists, activists, and writers—to present a diverse and compelling call to honor our individual and collective moral responsibility to our planet.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://moralground.com/about/|title=Book – Moral Ground|website=Moralground.com|access-date=2012-05-08|archive-date=2012-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418042138/http://moralground.com/about/|url-status=dead}}</ref> In her essay entitled "Peace and Sustainability Depend on the Spiritual and the Feminine" Ebtekar provides her views on the interrelated nature of peace and sustainable development. She also took part in a project to develop a book entitled ''Women, Power and Politics in 21st Century Iran''. The book, published in 2012 by Ashgate, provides an objective perspective on the conditions of women in Iran. Chapter 10 titled "Women and the Environment" has been authored by Massoumeh Ebtekar. In 2011 Ebtekar also co-authored a chapter in the book ''Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells'' published by Springer. Chapter 3 "Characteristics of Cord Blood Cells" is a review performed by a team of researchers in Iran.
 
== See also ==
Line 155 ⟶ 164:
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Environmental bloggers]]
[[Category:FemaleWomen vice presidents of Iran]]
[[Category:Heads of Department of Environment (Iran)]]
[[Category:Islamic Iran Participation Front politicians]]
[[Category:Iranian environmentalists]]
[[Category:Iranian immunologists]]
[[Category:Iranian women physicians]]
[[Category:Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line]]
[[Category:People involved in scientific misconduct incidents]]
Line 166 ⟶ 174:
[[Category:Tehran Councillors 2007–2013]]
[[Category:Iranian women bloggers]]
[[Category:Women vice presidents]]
[[Category:20th-century Iranian physicians]]
[[Category:21st-century Iranian physicians]]
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[[Category:Vice presidents of Iran for Women and Family Affairs]]
[[Category:Grand Cordons of the Order of the Rising Sun]]
[[Category:20th-century Iranian women physicians]]
[[Category:21st-century Iranian women physicians]]