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{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2011}}
{{Year dab|1674}}
{{Year nav|1674}}
13, becomes the new Emperor of Korea upon the death of his father, the Emperor [[Hyeonjong of Joseon|Hyeonjong]]. Sukjong reigns for more than 45 years until his death on July 12, 1720.▼
[[File:Bataille de Seneffe de B.Gagneraux.JPG|thumb|300px|right|[[August 11]]: [[The Grand Conde]] is saved by his son during a cavalry charge at the bloody [[Battle of Seneffe]].]]
{{C17 year in topic}}
[[File:Réception du Grand Condé à Versailles (Jean-Léon Gérôme, 1878).png|thumb|300px|Reception of Conde after the battle at Seneffe]]
{{Year article header|1674}}
== Events ==
=== January–March ===
* [[January 2]] – The [[French West India Company]] is dissolved after less than 10 years.
* [[January 7]] – In the Chinese Empire, General [[Wu Sangui]] leads troops into the Giuzhou province, and soon takes control of the entire territory without a loss.
* [[January 15]] – [[Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington|The Earl of Arlington]], a member of the English House of Commons, is impeached on charges of [[popery]], but the Commons rejects the motion to remove him from office, 127 votes for and 166 against.
* [[January 19]] – The tragic opera ''[[Alceste (Lully)|Alceste]]'', by [[Jean-Baptiste Lully]], is performed for the first time, presented by the [[Paris Opera]] company at the [[Theatre du Palais-Royal]] in [[Paris]].
* [[February 19]] – [[Kingdom of England|England]] and the [[Dutch Republic|Netherlands]] sign the [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]], ending the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]]. Its provisions come into effect gradually (''see'' [[November 10]]).
* [[March 14]] – Third Anglo-Dutch War: [[Battle of Ronas Voe]] – The English [[Royal Navy]] captures the [[Dutch East India Company]] ship ''[[Wapen van Rotterdam]]'' in [[Shetland]].
=== April–June ===
* [[April 10]] – In the [[Ahom kingdom]] in what is now the northeastern Indian state of [[Assam]], Chamaguriya Khamjang Konwar is installed by the Chief Minister, the [[Borbarua]] Debera, as the [[figurehead]] [[List of rulers of Assam|King of Ahom]]. He takes the [[regnal name]] [[Suhung]] and makes plans to have Debera killed. On April 30, Debera, having learned of the King's intentions, succeeds in having the royal physician poison Suhung's medicine, and installs another ruler.<ref>"Reattribution of the Coins of Suhung", by J. N. Phukan, ''Journal of the Numismatic Society of India'' (1982), pp. 66-70</ref>
* [[April 24]] – In India, [[Shivaji|Shivaji Bhonsale]], the [[Chhatrapati]] of the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]], captures the [[Kenjalgad|Kenjalgad Fort]] in what is now the [[Maharashtra]] state.
* [[April 26]] – In the Netherlands, the jurisdiction of [[William III of England|Willem, Prince of Orange]], [[Stadtholder]] of [[Holland]] (on the west coast, including Amsterdam and Rotterdam) and [[Zeeland]] (southwest coast, including [[Middelburg, Zeeland]]), increases in the [[Dutch Republic]] as his followers in the inland States of Utrecht ([[Utrecht (province)|Utrecht]], [[Gelderland]] and [[Overijssel]]) designate him as the hereditary stadtholder. In 1689, he becomes the King of England in addition to his role as the Stadtholder of the Netherlands.
* [[May 21]] – [[John III Sobieski]] is elected by the nobility, as King of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] (to [[1696]]).
* [[June 6]] – [[Shivaji Maharaj]] is crowned as Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj of the [[Maratha Empire]] at Raigad Fort in [[India]].
* [[June 12]] – The British [[East India Company]] arranges a commercial treaty with the [[Maratha Empire]] after [[Sir Henry Oxenden, 3rd Baronet|Henry Oxenden]], the company's deputy governor, meets Emperor Shivaji for his recent coronation.<ref>V. G. Hatalkar, ''Relations Between the French and the Marathas, 1668-1815'' (Chidambaran Press, 1958) p. 11</ref><ref>''Maharashtra State Gazeteers: Maratha period'' (Maharashtra State Directorate of Government Printing, Stationary and Publications, 1967) p. 125</ref>
=== July–September ===
* [[July 4]] – A Dutch fleet under [[Cornelis Tromp]] [[Capture of Noirmoutier|Captures the island of Noirmoutier]] on the French coast. For nearly three weeks, the Dutch occupied the French island and the Dutch fleet captured many French ships in the meantime. The whole coastline from Brest to Bayonne was in turmoil, and French forces gathered to prevent the Dutch from landing. On 23 July the island of Noirmoutier was however abandoned after the Dutch blew up the castle and demolished the coastal batteries.
* [[July 7]] – The [[Messina revolt]] against Spanish rule begins on the island of [[Sicily]] as the Italian residents besiege the palace of the Spanish Captain-General and drive out the Spanish garrison.
* [[July 16]] – In a major battle in the [[Third Anglo-Dutch War]], a large fleet of 18 warships from the [[Dutch Republic]], along with 15 troop transports, nine storeships and 3,400 soldiers, arrives at the island of [[Martinique]] in the [[Caribbean Sea]] for the purpose of [[Invasion of Martinique (1674)|invasion and capture of Martinique from the French colonists]]. Admiral [[Michiel de Ruyter]], commander of the Dutch forces, waits for four days before coming ashore. The French defenders, under the direction of the Governor, [[Antoine André de Sainte-Marthe]], take advantage of the situation to block the entrances to the harbor and to reinforce troops. The Dutch invasion force is forced to retreat after sustaining heavy losses.
* [[July 17]] – Two skeletons of children are discovered by workmen repairing a staircase at the [[White Tower (Tower of London)]], and believed at this time to be the remains of the [[Princes in the Tower]]. The urns containing the bones are interred in [[1678]] in [[Westminster Abbey]], with an inscription in [[Latin language|Latin]] that states "Here lie interred the remains of Edward V, King of England, and Richard, Duke of York, whose long desired and much sought after bones, after over a hundred and ninety years, were found interred deep beneath the rubble of the stairs that led up to the Chapel of the White Tower, on the 17 of July in the Year of Our Lord 1674." <ref>Andrew Beattie, ''Following in the Footsteps of the Princes in the Tower'' (Pen & Sword Books, 2019)</ref>
* [[August 11]] – The French army under [[Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé]] fights the Dutch–Spanish–Imperial army under [[William III of England|William III of Orange]] at [[Battle of Seneffe|Seneffe]] in a very bloody, but inconclusive battle.
▲* [[September 17]] – [[Sukjong of Joseon|Sukjong]] of the [[Joseon Dynasty]], age 13, becomes the new Emperor of Korea upon the death of his father, the Emperor [[Hyeonjong of Joseon|Hyeonjong]]. Sukjong reigns for more than 45 years until his death on July 12, 1720.
* [[September 27]] – French Navy Commander [[Jean-Baptiste de Valbelle]] arrives at Sicily during the [[Messina revolt]] to help the Messinese expel the last Spanish defenders, taking the fort at Faro in the harbor entrance.
=== October–December ===
* [[October 4]]
**The [[Battle of Entzheim]] takes place in [[France]] with 35,000 Holy Roman Empire troops and 22,000 French defenders during the [[Franco-Dutch War]], with the forces fighting near [[Entzheim]] south of [[Strasbourg]]. While the battle is inconclusive, the outnumbered French win a strategic victory by keeping the Germans from entering French territory.<ref>Spencer C. Tucker, ''A Global Chronology of Conflict'' (ABC-CLIO, 2010) p. 651</ref> Most of the former battlefield now lies beneath the [[Strasbourg International Airport]].
**A second coronation is held by the Maratha Empire for the [[Chhatrapati]] [[Shivaji|Shivaji Bhonsle]], after the Vedic priest Nischal Puri Goswami decides that the June 18 coronation was "held under inauspicious stars".<ref>Shripad Rama Sharma, ''The Making of Modern India: From A. D. 1526 to the Present Day'' (Orient Longmans, 1951) p. 223</ref>
* [[October 15]] – The [[Torsåker witch trials]] begin in the [[Torsåker Parish, Diocese of Härnösand|Torsåker Parish]] in [[Sweden]], with over 100 men and women accused of witchcraft and the abduction of children. On June 1, 1675, the mass beheading of the 71 people convicted takes place at Häxberget, 65 of whom are women.<ref>Lars Guvå, ''Ångermanland'' (Almqvist & Wiksell, 1984) p. 135</ref><ref>''Rättshistoriskt bibliotek'' ("Legal history library"), Vol. 48 (Institutet för rättshistorisk forskning, 1962)</ref> The others are two men and four boys.
* [[October 27]] – The town of [[Grave, Netherlands|Grave]] surrenders to a Dutch army after [[Siege of Grave (1674)|a difficult siege]].
* [[November 10]] – As provided in the Treaty of Westminster of February 19, the Dutch Republic cedes its colony of [[New Netherland]] to England. This includes the colonial capital, [[New Orange]], which is returned to its English name of [[New York City|New York]]. The colonies of [[Surinam (Dutch colony)|Surinam]], [[Essequibo (colony)|Essequibo]] and [[Berbice]] remain in Dutch hands.
* [[December 4]] – Father [[Jacques Marquette]], along with Pierre Poteret and Jacque Poteret, sails southward along the shore of [[Lake Michigan]], accompanied by nine canoes of Indians from the [[Potawatomi]] tribe, and comes ashore at what is now [[Chicago]]. The three missionaries, the first Europeans to explore the area, camp there for the winter.<ref>John Moses and Joseph Kirkland, ''History of Chicago, Illinois'' (Munsell & Company, 1895) p. 15</ref> Marquette notes in his journal "The land bordering it is of now value, except on the prairies," and adds "There are eight to ten quite fine rivers."<ref>"Miscellany: Sacred Spots in Illinois", ''Illinois Catholic Historical Review'' (January–April, 1923) p. 284</ref> A historical marker is now erected on the site of the landing.<ref>John Graf and Steve Skorpad, ''Chicago's Monuments, Markers, and Memorials'' (Arcadia Publishing, 2002) p. 66</ref> Father Marquette founds a mission (which will in time grow into the city of [[Chicago]]) on the shores of [[Lake Michigan]], in order to create a Christian ministry to convent native Americans in the [[Illinois Confederation]].
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* [[July 17]] – [[Isaac Watts]], English hymnist (d. [[1748]])
* [[August 2]] – [[Philippe II, Duke of Orléans]], regent of France (d. [[1723]])
* [[August 9]] – [[František Maxmilián Kaňka]], Czech architect (d. [[1766]])▼
* [[August 16]] – [[Catharine Trotter Cockburn]], English novelist, dramatist and philosopher (d. [[1749]])
* [[December 25]] – [[Thomas Halyburton]], Scottish theologian (d. [[1712]])
* ''Date unknown''
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