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[[File:Location of Indian Subcontinent.svg|thumb|300px|A map of the [[Indian subcontinent]], depicting the republics of [[
'''Desi'''{{efn|The [[tadbhava]]-form of the word is "desi", and the corresponding [[tatsama]]-form is "deshi".}} ([[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]: देसी {{small|([[Devanagari]])}}, {{Nastaliq|دیسی}} {{small|([[Arabic script|Perso-Arabic]])}}, {{IPA-hns|deːsiː|lang}}; also '''Deshi'''){{efn|The etymology of the word ''Desi'' is from the [[Hindustani language|Hindi-Urdu language]].<ref name="Sharma2010"/> In various other South Asian languages, the word is rendered as follows: [[Bengali language|Bangla]]: দেশী; [[Sinhalese Language|Sinhala]]: දේශී; [[Tamil language|Tamil]]: தேசி; ▼
[[Malayalam]]: ദേശി; [[Maldivian language|Dhivehi]]: ދޭސީ; [[Dzongkha]]: ཁ་བྱང་ཀི་དེ།.}} is a loose term used to describe the [[South Asian ethnic groups|people]], [[South Asian culture|cultures]], and products of the [[Indian subcontinent]] and their [[South Asian diaspora|diaspora]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Glenn |first=Charles L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DeVoDwAAQBAJ&dq=desi+loose+term&pg=PA222 |title=Muslim Educators in American Communities |date=2018-08-01 |publisher=IAP |isbn=978-1-64113-363-0 |pages=222 |language=en}}</ref> derived from [[Sanskrit]] देश (''deśá''), meaning "land, country".<ref name="Shirley2010">{{cite book |first1=Shirley R. |last1=Steinberg |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ZnSBRxsjn_4C&pg=PA87 |title=Boy Culture: An Encyclopedia |publisher=ABC-CLIO |date=17 June 2010 |access-date=12 March 2012 |first2=Michael |last2=Kehler |first3=Lindsay |last3=Cornish |pages=86–88 |isbn=978-0-313-35080-1}}</ref> Desi traces its origin to the people from the [[South Asia]]n republics of [[India]], [[Pakistan]] and [[Bangladesh]],{{efn|The modern-day countries of independent India, as well as what is now Pakistan and Bangladesh, were included within the boundaries of [[colonial India]] prior to the [[partition of India]] in August 1947.}}<ref name="Zimmer2013">{{cite web |last1=Zimmer |first1=Ben |title=Here She Comes, 'Desi' Miss America |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304713704579095112813176666 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |language=en |date=27 September 2013|quote=But as South Asians have built up diasporic communities around the world, 'desi' has traveled with them, used not as a put-down but as an expression of ethnic pride. Make that pan-ethnic: Anyone with heritage from the subcontinent—India, Pakistan, or Bangladesh—can identify as a 'desi' and partake in 'desi' culture.}}</ref> and may also sometimes include people from [[Nepal]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Bhutan]] and the [[Maldives]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Conroy |first1=Colette |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bUDpDwAAQBAJ&dq=desi+pakistan+india+bhutan+maldives&pg=PT81 |title=On Access in Applied Theatre and Drama Education |last2=Ong |first2=Adelina |last3=Rodricks |first3=Dirk J. |date=2020-06-09 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-000-70848-6 |pages=81 |language=en |quote=Desi refers to the peoples indigenous to the precolonial Indian subcontinent, which is now {{sic|comprised |hide=y|of}} several nation states that include India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Maldives.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Mallapragada |first= Madhavi|date=15 October 2013 |title=Virtual Homelands: Indian Immigrants and Online Cultures in the United States |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=D7FXAwAAQBAJ&dq=sri+lanka+desi+country&pg=PA118|publisher=University of Illinois Press |pages=117–118|isbn= 9780252096563}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/desi |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120721045611/http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/desi |url-status= dead |archive-date= July 21, 2012 |title=desi |work=OxfordDictionaries.com |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |date=2016 |access-date=12 October 2016}}</ref>▼
▲'''Desi'''{{efn|The [[tadbhava]]-form of the word is "desi", and the corresponding [[tatsama]]-form is "deshi".}} ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|d|eɪ|s|i}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|d|ɛ|s|i}}<ref>{{Cite OED|Desi|access-date=31 July 2024}}</ref> {{respell|DAY|see}} or {{respell|DESS|ee}}; [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]]: देसी {{small|([[Devanagari]])}}, {{Nastaliq|دیسی}} {{small|([[Arabic script|Perso-Arabic]])}}, {{IPA-hns|deːsiː|lang}}; also '''Deshi'''){{efn|The etymology of the word ''Desi'' is from the [[Hindustani language|Hindi-Urdu language]].<ref name="Sharma2010"/> In various other South Asian languages, the word is rendered as follows: [[Bengali language|Bangla]]: দেশী; [[Sinhalese Language|Sinhala]]: දේශී; [[Tamil language|Tamil]]: தேசி; [[Telugu language|Telugu]]: దేశి; [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]: દેશી;
▲[[Malayalam]]: ദേശി; [[Kannada]]: ದೇಸಿ; [[Odiya language|Odiya]]: ଦେଶୀ; [[Maldivian language|Dhivehi]]: ދޭސީ; [[Dzongkha]]: ཁ་བྱང་ཀི་དེ།.}} is a loose term used to describe the [[
==Etymology==
The [[ethnonym]] belongs in the [[endonym]]ic category (i.e., it is a self-appellation). ''[[wiktionary:Desi|Desi]]'' ({{lang|hi|देसी}}/{{lang|ur|دیسی}} ''desī'') is a [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]] (Hindi-Urdu) word, meaning 'national', ultimately from [[Sanskrit]] ''{{IAST|deśīya}}'', derived from ''{{IAST|deśa}}'' ({{lang|sa|देश}}) 'region, province, country'.<ref name="Sharma2010">{{cite book |last1=Sharma |first1=Nitasha Tamar |title=Hip Hop Desis: South Asian Americans, Blackness, and a Global Race Consciousness |date=17 August 2010 |publisher=[[Duke University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8223-9289-7 |language=en |quote=The lives of South Asians in America, or ''desis''—a term meaning "of the land" from the Hindi/Urdu word ''desh'', or country—are both historically constituted and circumscribed by global processes and the limitations of what is possible today.}}</ref> The first known usage of the Sanskrit word is found in the ''[[Natya Shastra]]'' (~200 BCE), where it defines the regional varieties of folk [[performing arts]], as opposed to the classical, pan-Indian ''margi''. Thus, ''{{IAST|svadeśa}}'' ({{lang-sa|स्वदेश|links=no}}) refers to one's own country or homeland, while ''{{IAST|paradeśa}}'' ({{lang-sa|परदेश|links=}}) refers to another's country or a foreign land.
==
The word ''Desi'' is widely used by [[South Asia]]ns, as well those of the [[South Asian diaspora]], to describe themselves; those of South Asian origin, especially Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis, use the term "as a means of asserting or reclaiming a sense of pride" in being South Asian, "particularly in the face of racism, discrimination, and stigmatization" of minorities in various parts of the world.<ref name="Kim2014">{{cite book |last1=Kim |first1=Helen |title=Making Diaspora in a Global City: South Asian Youth Cultures in London |date=21 August 2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-75756-5 |pages=34–36 |language=en}}</ref> With regard to usage of the word ''Desi'', Helen Kim writes:<ref name="Kim2014"/>
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==History==
The word "Desi" comes from the Sanskrit word "Desh" meaning "country". The word "Desi" is used to refer to something "from the country" and with time its usage shifted
Desi contrasts with the [[Hindustani language]] word ''vilāyati'' (Anglicised as "[[Blighty]]") meaning 'foreign',<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.lexico.com/definition/blighty |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213212958/https://www.lexico.com/definition/blighty |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 13, 2020 |title=blighty |dictionary=[[Lexico]] UK English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref> which more specifically came to mean 'European', and 'British; English' during the time of the [[British Raj]] in [[colonial India]].<ref>[http://www.worldwidewords.org/qa/qa-bli1.htm Entry for ''Blighty'']. World Wide Words.</ref> The [[Bengali language|Bengali]] word is a loan of [[Indian Persian]] {{transliteration|fa|vilāyatī}} ({{lang|fa|ولایاتی}}), from {{transliteration|fa|vilāyat}} ({{lang|fa|ولایت}}) meaning 'Iran' and later 'Europe' or 'Britain',<ref>"ولاية" in F. Steingass, ''A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary'', 1892, p. 1480.</ref> ultimately from Arabic {{transliteration|ar|[[Wilayah|wilāyah]]}} {{lang|ar|ولاية{{lrm}}}} meaning 'state, province'.
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[[File:Buckeye Mela IX - Spartan Bhangra.jpg|thumb|300px|South Asian university students celebrate Desi culture through dance at the [[Ohio State University]].]]
[[File:Surahi in samrup rachna calligraphy.jpg|thumb|300px|"Surahi" written in [[Samrup Rachna]] calligraphy used to write [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]], which is widely spoken throughout the northern part of the Indian subcontinent as a ''lingua franca''.<ref name="Kazim2016">{{cite web |last1=Kazim |first1=Shehrbano |title=Drawn from the same wellspring |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1103363/drawn-from-the-same-wellspring |publisher=[[The Express Tribune]] |access-date=12 October 2020 |language=en |date=14 May 2016}}</ref>]]
[[Frank Anthony]], an Anglo-Indian Christian leader who helped write the [[Constitution of India]] stated that unlike Europe, “[colonial] India had achieved a basic ethnic and cultural unity.” (the boundaries of colonial India include the modern-day republics of independent India, as well as what is now Pakistan and Bangladesh.)<ref name="Bangash2022">{{cite journal |last1=Bangash |first1=Yaqoob Khan |title=Anglo-Indians and the Punjab Partition: Identity, Politics, and the Creation of Pakistan |journal=The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History |date=2023 |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=124–155 |doi=10.1080/03086534.2022.2086202 |language=English|doi-access=free
In the [[United States]], as in other countries, some diaspora desis are creating a "fusion" culture, in which foods, fashions, music, and the like from many areas of [[South Asia]] are "fused" both with each other and with elements from Western culture.<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Kvetko |first=Peter |url=http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~dkapchan/home/folkloreweb/interactive/indianfilm/indianclub.html |title=When the East Is in the House: The Emergence of Dance Club Culture among Indian-American Youth |date=2002 <!--Earliest known date of availability. Item itself is undated.--> |publisher=[[University of Texas]] |archive-date=18 May 2006 |access-date=27 October 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060518083228/http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~dkapchan/home/folkloreweb/interactive/indianfilm/indianclub.html }}</ref>{{primary source inline|date=October 2016}} For example, Urban Desi is a genre of music formed by the fusion of traditional [[South Asian music]] and Western [[urban music]].<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=95739927 |title=Urban Desi: A Genre on the Rise |first=Nishat |last=Kurwa |date=15 October 2008 |work=[[All Things Considered]] |via=NPR |publisher=[[National Public Radio]] |access-date=27 October 2016}}</ref> The growing demand of popular programming for South Asians caused [[MTV]] to launch the desi-targeted television channel [[MTV Desi]].
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===Food and drink===
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In regions of South Asia, ''desi'' in the context of food, implies "native" or "traditional". For example, "Desi chicken" may refer to a native breed of chicken. This word is also usually restricted to Sanskrit-derived (Indo-Aryan) languages.
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===Desi pubs===
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In the United Kingdom, the term Desi pub is used to describe a pub which is owned or managed by an Indian landlord, or which serves [[Punjabis|Punjabi]] food. They developed during the 1960s and 1970s at a time when some British [[pub]]s enforced [[colour bar|color bar]]s to prevent Indians and other immigrants from drinking there. Desi pubs are especially common in the [[Black Country]] and surrounding areas of the West Midlands. As well as drinking places, they also act as community hubs and meeting places for people from different backgrounds and are considered to be an example of successful integration of Indian immigrants into British culture.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/desi-pubs|title=The Triumphant Story of Britain's Desi Pubs|author=Jesudason, David|work=[[Atlas Obscura]]|date=21 April 2022|access-date=12 May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/prospero/2016/08/22/raising-a-glass-to-britains-indian-pubs|title=Raising a glass to Britain's Indian pubs|author=R.V.|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=22 August 2016|access-date=12 May 2022}} {{subscription required}}</ref>
==
* [[Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb]]
* [[Habesha peoples|Habesha]], an analogous term for Ethiopians and Eritreans
* [[Little Bangladesh (disambiguation)|Little Bangladesh]]
* [[Little India]]
* [[Little Pakistan]]
* ''[[Pinoy]]'', an analogous term for Filipinos
* [[South Asian culture]]
* [[South Asian Heritage Month]]
* [[Indian Arrival Day]]
==Notes==
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[[Category:Culture of Pakistani diaspora]]
[[Category:Desi culture]]
[[Category:Ethnonyms]]
[[Category:Hindi words and phrases]]
[[Category:Indian slang]]
[[Category:Culture of Pakistan]]
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