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{{Short description|Mexican village in Tamaulipas state}}
{{Infobox settlement
'''Río Rico''' is a village located along the [[Rio Grande]] in the [[Mexico|Mexican]] state of [[Tamaulipas]]. It includes a portion of the '''Horcón Tract''', a narrow {{Convert|461|acre|km2|abbr=|adj=on}} piece of land (including former riverbed) that was north of the meandering river – and thus part of the [[United States|U.S.]] state of [[Texas]] – until an unauthorized diversion of the river to its north cut it off from the rest of the state in 1906. Río Rico developed as a ''de facto'' Mexican settlement, and the [[Mexico–United States border|international border]] was moved under the terms of the [[Boundary Treaty of 1970]], placing the tract and the village in Mexico, effective in 1977.▼
| official_name = Río Rico
| native_name = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
| other_name =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
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| pushpin_map = Mexico Tamaulipas#Mexico
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Tamaulipas]]
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| timezone = CST
| utc_offset = -6
| timezone_DST = CST
| utc_offset_DST = -5
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| module ={{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom= 12 |frame-height=300 | stroke-width=1 |shape-fill-opacity=0.2 |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}}
}}
▲'''Río Rico''' is a village located along the [[Rio Grande]] in the [[Mexico|Mexican]] state of [[Tamaulipas]]. It includes a portion of the '''Horcón Tract''', a narrow {{Convert|461|acre|km2|abbr=|adj=on}} piece of land (including former riverbed) that was
The Horcón Tract was originally north of the meandering river—and thus part of the [[United States|U.S.]] state of [[Texas]]—until an unauthorized diversion of the river to its north cut it off from the rest of the state in 1906. Río Rico was founded years later, in 1929, and developed as a ''de facto'' Mexican settlement.
In 1967, an American geography professor discovered what had happened and it was determined that parts of Río Rico were legally on U.S. territory, making those who were born there [[Birthright citizenship in the United States|American citizens by birthright]]. The [[Mexico–United States border|international border]] was moved under the terms of the [[Boundary Treaty of 1970]], placing the tract and the village in Mexico, effective in 1977.
==History==
In 1845, the Rio Grande was established as the border between Mexico and the U.S.
In July 1906, the American Rio Grande Land and Irrigation Company, as a measure to regulate the river's water flow for irrigation purposes, dug a [[Meander cutoff|cutoff
However, the former riverbed dried up rather than forming an [[oxbow lake]], and the company never put up border markers,<ref name="Cook p. 300
The discrepancy was brought to light decades later. The [[Boundary Treaty of 1970]] provided for the Horcón Tract to become part of Mexico upon the completion of two new flood control projects. In 1972 the United States officially ceded the tract of land to Mexico, and it was formally annexed by the [[Mexican state|state]] of [[Tamaulipas]].<ref name="tshaonline" /> The formal handover took place in 1977. After one former resident filed a lawsuit to prevent the [[Immigration and Naturalization Service|United States Immigration and Naturalization Service]] from deporting him, the [[Board of Immigration Appeals]] ruled that all
==See also==
* [[Historic regions of the United States]]
* [[Rio Grande border disputes]]
* [[Chamizal dispute
* [[Border irregularities of the United States]]
* [[Northwest Angle]]
* [[Point Roberts, Washington]]
* [[Missouri Bootheel]]
==References==
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060106214838/http://www.ibwc.state.gov/wad/body_rioproj.htm State Department Site Explaining 1970 Boundary Treaty]
* {{Gnis|1345246|Rio Rico, Texas}}
* {{YouTube|id=kK_T0_ZyO8E |title=The border town that 'forgot' it was part of the US }}; BBC News
* {{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=The American Town Ceded to Mexico in 1970|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=okljAsg5Dy4|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=|website=Curiosity Stream}}
▲{{coord|26|03|22|N|97|53|24|W|type:city_region:US-TX|display=title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rio Rico, Tamaulipas}}
[[Category:Tracts]]
[[Category:Former regions and territories of the United States]]
[[Category:Populated places in Tamaulipas]]
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[[Category:Populated places established in 1970]]
[[Category:1970 establishments in Mexico]]
[[Category:Matamoros, Tamaulipas]]
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