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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Woodstock
| official_name =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[List of cities in Illinois|City]]
| image_skyline = Woodstock Illinois 02.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = The landmark [[Woodstock Opera House]] building in historic downtown Woodstock
| motto = "True to Its Past; Confident of Its Future"
| image_flag = Flag of Woodstock, Illinois.png
| image_seal = Seal of Woodstock, Illinois.png
| image_blank_emblem = Logo of Woodstock, Illinois.png
| blank_emblem_type = Logo
| etymology =
| nickname =
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| image_map = File:McHenry County Illinois Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Woodstock Highlighted.svg
| mapsize =
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| map_caption = Location of Woodstock in McHenry County, Illinois.
| mapsize1 =
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| map_caption1 = Location of Illinois in the United States
| pushpin_map = Illinois#USA
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| coordinates = {{coord|42|18|53|N|88|26|51|W|display=inline,title}}
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[United States]] {{flagicon|USA}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Illinois]] {{flagicon|Illinois}}
| subdivision_type2 = County
| subdivision_name2 = [[McHenry County, Illinois|McHenry]]
| subdivision_type3 = Townships | subdivision_name3 = [[Dorr Township, McHenry County, Illinois|Dorr]], [[Greenwood Township, McHenry County, Illinois|Greenwood]], [[Hartland Township, McHenry County, Illinois|Hartland]], [[Seneca Township, McHenry County, Illinois|Seneca]] | subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1852
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| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Michael Turner
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| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name="
| area_total_km2 =
| area_total_sq_mi = 13.
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| area_land_sq_mi = 13.
| area_water_km2 = 0.00
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.00
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| timezone1 = [[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]
| utc_offset1 = -6
| timezone1_DST = [[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST = -5
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| postal_code_type = [[ZIP code|ZIP Code(s)]]
| postal_code = 60098
| postal2_code_type =
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| area_code_type =
| area_code = [[Area code 815|815/779]] [[Area Code 847|847]]
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| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 17-83349
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| blank2_name_sec2 = Wikimedia Commons
| blank2_info_sec2 = Woodstock, Illinois
| website = [http://www.woodstockil.gov/ www.woodstockil.gov]
| footnotes =
}}
'''Woodstock''' is a city in (and the [[county seat]] of) [[McHenry County, Illinois|McHenry County]], [[Illinois]], [[United States]]. It is located 51 miles northwest of [[Chicago]], making it one of the city's outer-most [[suburb]]s.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=2011-05-31 }}</ref> Per the [[2020 United States Census|2020 census]], the population was 25,630.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Woodstock city, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US1783349|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=April 15, 2022}}</ref> The city's historic downtown district and turn-of-the-century [[town square]] is anchored by the landmark [[Woodstock Opera House]] and the [[Old McHenry County Courthouse]]. In 2007 Woodstock was named one of the nation's Dozen Distinctive Destinations by the [[National Trust for Historic Preservation]].<ref name="preservationnation2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.preservationnation.org/travel-and-sites/sites/midwest-region/woodstock-il-2007.html |title=Midwest Region travel sites- Woodstock IL -2007|website=Preservation Nation|access-date=December 10, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090120172215/http://www.preservationnation.org/travel-and-sites/sites/midwest-region/woodstock-il-2007.html |archive-date=January 20, 2009 }}</ref>
==History==
[[File:Illinois - Western Spring through Woodstock - NARA - 23939981 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Woodstock in 1936]]
=== Early days, Centerville ===
Woodstock was originally known as Centerville because of its location at the geographic center of McHenry County. It was chosen as the county seat on September 4, 1843. Early settler Alvin Judd developed a [[plat]] for the town, which incorporated a two-acre public square, near which a 2-story frame courthouse and jail were constructed the following year by George C. Dean and Daniel Blair.<ref name="encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org"/>
In 1845, prominent resident Joel Johnson proposed that Centerville be given a more original name, and John S. Wheat was elected as Woodstock's first mayor. A vital artery for the growing town was the train line to and from Chicago, which allowed for a substantial industrial presence early in the town's history.<ref name="encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/1380.html |title=Woodstock, IL |website=Encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org |access-date=2016-03-31}}</ref> === Eugene V. Debs' prison stay ===
[[File:WoodstockILCourtHJail.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|The Old McHenry County Courthouse and jail in Woodstock]]
In 1895, [[Eugene V. Debs]] served a short federal prison sentence in the Woodstock Jail following the [[Pullman Strike|1894 Pullman labor strike]] in Chicago. Debs, the former president of the American Railway Union, was held in Woodstock instead of Chicago because federal officials feared that he would be surrounded with too many sympathizers in a Chicago prison and therefore could have still incited further unrest. Debs was instead assigned to a cell in the newly constructed Woodstock Jail, which occupied the lowest floor of the [[Old McHenry County Courthouse|Woodstock Courthouse]] on the town square.<ref name="Debs">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cUwuAAAAYAAJ&pg=GBS.PA45|title=Debs: His Life, Writings and Speeches: With a Department of Appreciations|last=Debs|first=Eugene Victor|date=1908-01-01|publisher=C. H. Kerr & Company|language=en}}</ref>
During his time in the jail, Debs received several influential socialist visitors and encountered the works of [[Karl Marx]]. He is said to have considered the Woodstock Jail one of the "greatest school[s]," and passed his time reading and writing many letters from his cell. By the time he was released in November 1895 (to great fanfare and before crowds of onlookers assembled in the Woodstock Square), Debs had become a [[Socialism|socialist]] and a national celebrity.<ref name="Debs"/> He later ran for the [[United States Presidency]] five times between 1900 and 1920 as the candidate for the newly formed [[Social Democratic Party (United States)|Social Democratic Party]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.history.com/topics/eugene-v-debs|title=Eugene V. Debs - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com|website=HISTORY.com|access-date=2017-02-24}}</ref>
=== "Typewriter City" ===
During the early part of the 20th century, Woodstock had become "Typewriter City" and was home to factories of both the Emerson Typewriter Company and the [[Oliver Typewriter Company]]. Woodstock workers had built more than half the world's typewriters by 1922.<ref name="encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org" /> The companies were very much a part of civic life in Woodstock during this time. Both factories had active social clubs, baseball teams that competed against one another, and Emerson had a well-regarded band that played at public events.<ref name="Woodstock, by Nancy Baker">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wRgWMM-VlhUC&pg=PA39 |title=Woodstock, by Nancy Baker|isbn=9780738540801|last1=Baker|first1=Nancy L.|year=2006|publisher=Arcadia }}</ref><ref name="emersonlofts.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.emersonlofts.com/index.php|title=Emerson Lofts - Models {{!}} Our luxurious one and two bedroom lofts feature a perfect blend of historical and contemporary style.|website=www.emersonlofts.com|access-date=2016-11-22}}</ref>
In 1919, Emerson Typewriter became the Woodstock Typewriter Company. The city grew and flourished with increasing demand for Woodstock typewriters through and after [[World War II]]. Initially the company sold typewriters for use in the war effort both domestically and abroad, but after the war's end returning servicemen, now familiar with the Woodstock brand, chose these models for their households. The factory was in use until 1970, and has since been converted into lofts.<ref name="Woodstock, by Nancy Baker"/><ref name="emersonlofts.com"/>
<gallery>
File:Main Street, Woodstock, Ill.jpg|Main Street looking north, circa 1910
File:Typewriters in Woodstock Il window.jpeg|Typewriters in a Woodstock business' window in 2013. Note the name "Woodstock" on some of them.
</gallery>
=== Orson Welles and the Todd School for Boys ===
Woodstock had an important role in the creative development of [[Orson Welles]]. In 1926, in the midst of a chaotic upbringing, he enrolled at the [[Todd Seminary for Boys|Todd School for Boys]] in Woodstock at age 10. His five-year stay there was his only formal education, and the town and school made an impression on the young Welles. Years later, in 1960, when asked where he thought of as his hometown, he replied "I suppose it's Woodstock, Illinois, if it's anywhere. I went to school there for four years. If I try to think of a home, it's that."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/articles/Orson-Welles-9527363|title=
At Todd School, the young Welles came under the positive influence and guidance of Roger Hill, a teacher who later became the school's headmaster. Hill provided Welles with an educational environment that supported his creativity, allowing Welles to concentrate on subjects that interested him. Welles performed and staged his first theatrical experiments and productions at Todd. He also performed at the downtown Woodstock Opera House, where the stage — the site of his American debut as a professional theatre director — is now dedicated to him.<ref name="Todd Festival Anniversary">{{cite web|url=http://www.woodstockoperahouse.com/files/Events/PerformancePages/2014Welles_Festival.html|title=Orson Welles 1934 Todd Theatre Festival 80th Anniversary|publisher=Woodstock Opera House|access-date=2014-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812214426/http://www.woodstockoperahouse.com//files/Events/PerformancePages/2014Welles_Festival.html|archive-date=2014-08-12|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Dedication">{{cite web|url=http://www.wellesnet.com/?p=4677|title=Orson Welles Stage dedicated at Woodstock Opera House|date=February 10, 2013|publisher=Wellesnet|access-date=2014-09-26
Welles returned to Woodstock periodically after leaving school. In July 1934 at the age of 19, he coordinated the Todd Theatre Festival, a six-week summer festival at the [[Woodstock Opera House]] that featured [[Hilton Edwards]] and [[Micheál MacLiammóir]] of Dublin's [[Gate Theatre]].<ref name="Tarbox">Tarbox, Todd, ''Orson Welles and Roger Hill: A Friendship in Three Acts''. Albany, Georgia: BearManor Media, 2013, {{ISBN|1-59393-260-X}}.</ref>{{Rp|165}} His short film ''[[The Hearts of Age]]'' was shot on the Todd School campus during the festival.<ref name="Library Brochure">{{cite web|url=http://www.woodstockpubliclibrary.org/sites/woodstockpubliclibrary.org/files/ToddSchoolHistoryWoodstock.pdf|title=Todd School for Boys 1848–1954, Woodstock, Illinois|publisher=Woodstock Public Library|access-date=2014-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905214834/http://www.woodstockpubliclibrary.org/sites/woodstockpubliclibrary.org/files/ToddSchoolHistoryWoodstock.pdf|archive-date=2014-09-05|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0506.html|title=Orson Welles is Dead at 70; Innovator of Film and Stage|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=2016-11-22}}</ref>
Todd School for Boys closed in 1954. Several original buildings were purchased at auction and reused by Marian Central Catholic High School and Christian Life Services.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2008-09-05/news/0809041117_1_orson-welles-todd-school-prep-school|title=In Woodstock, historic dorm for boys school attended by Orson Welles faces demolition|last=Channick|first=Robert|date=5 September 2008|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|access-date=28 April 2014}}</ref> Welles' former dormitory was demolished in 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wclsil.org/About/allhistory.htm|title=About Hearthstone Communities|publisher=Hearthstone Communities|access-date=28 April 2014}}</ref>
==Roles in popular media==
=== ''Planes, Trains and Automobiles'', 1987 ===
Several scenes in the 1987 film ''[[Planes, Trains, and Automobiles]]'' were shot in Woodstock, including the scene in which the protagonists' rental car is towed in front of a building,
===''Groundhog Day'', 1993===
Woodstock is perhaps most famous for its role as the location for the 1993 movie ''[[Groundhog Day (film)|Groundhog Day]],'' starring [[Bill Murray]]. Although the story is set in [[Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania]], the movie's producers preferred the quintessentially American,
Many notable scenes' locations are commemorated with plaques as part of a walking tour for visitors and enthusiasts.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://woodstockgroundhog.org/pages/tour.html |title=Every Day is Groundhog Day in Woodstock, IL! |publisher=Woodstockgroundhog.org |access-date=2016-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112084855/http://woodstockgroundhog.org/pages/tour.html |archive-date=2012-01-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In January 2020, several key actors, including [[Bill Murray]], [[Brian Doyle-Murray]] and [[Stephen Tobolowsky]] returned to Woodstock to film a ''Groundhog Day''-themed commercial for [[Jeep]]. The commercial aired during the 2020 [[Super Bowl]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wayland|first=Michael|date=2020-02-03|title=How Jeep landed Bill Murray for its 'Groundhog Day' Super Bowl ad|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/03/how-jeep-landed-bill-murray-for-its-groundhog-day-super-bowl-ad.html|access-date=2021-04-08|website=CNBC|language=en}}</ref>
===Other===
Woodstock was the basis for the fictional town of Hawkins Falls in the 1950s television soap opera ''[[Hawkins Falls, Population 6200]]''. The city was
In September 2021, a second commercial
Woodstock was also a primary filming location for the Amazon series [[Night Sky (TV series)|Night Sky]] doubling as the fictional Farnsworth, Illinois.
== Local culture ==
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=== Local newspaper ===
''The Woodstock Independent'' is the award-winning local paper of record and is delivered weekly to subscribers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thewoodstockindependent.com/about/|title=
=== Music ===
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==Education==
Woodstock's public schools are part of Woodstock Community Unit School District 200, which was formed in 1969.<ref name="Woodstock CUSD History">{{cite web|url=http://www.d200.mchenry.k12.il.us/aboutus/history.htm |title=
Woodstock is
Residents pursuing an associate degree normally do so at McHenry County College in neighboring [[Crystal Lake, Illinois|Crystal Lake]]. [[Loyola University Chicago]] owns and operates a large property on Woodstock's eastern edge as its Retreat and Ecology Campus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.luc.edu/retreatcampus/|title=Retreat & Ecology Campus: Loyola University Chicago|website=Loyola University Chicago - Retreat & Ecology Campus|access-date=2016-11-22}}</ref> [[Aurora University]] also operates its Woodstock Center downtown.
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=== Public transit ===
[[Woodstock (Metra)|Woodstock's railroad station]] is the penultimate passenger stop on [[Metra]]'s [[Union Pacific / Northwest Line|Union Pacific Northwest Line]], which originates from [[Ogilvie Transportation Center]] in downtown Chicago and ends in [[Harvard, Illinois]]. At Woodstock, Metra offers passengers
This direct link to the city was historically instrumental in Woodstock's growth as a city, and remains an attractive option for local commuters and residents to reach Chicago. As a result, Woodstock's use of the system is greater than that of nearly half of the Metra system's other outlying stations, many of which serve larger or geographically nearer communities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metrarail.com/sites/default/files/assets/about-metra/2014count_summary10.pdf|title=Metra Commuter Rail System Station Statistics - 2014|last=Division of Strategic Capital Planning|first=Metra|date=Spring 2014|website=www.metrarail.com}}</ref> Other public ground transportation is limited to [[Pace (transit)|Pace bus]] route 807, which connects downtown Woodstock with downtown McHenry.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pacebus.com/sub/schedules/route_detail.asp?RouteNo=807|title=Pace Bus - Route 807- Woodstock-McHenry|website=www.pacebus.com|language=en|access-date=2017-02-24}}</ref>
=== Major roads ===
[[U.S. Route 14]] once took drivers through the heart of downtown Woodstock, but a
==Notable people==
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* [[Jessica Biel]], actress and model
* [[Bob Bird (politician)|Bob Bird]], Alaskan pro-life and political activist, first Distinguished Alumnus of Marian Central, graduated in 1969.
* [[Cyrus Allen Black]], taxidermist, decoy-maker and minor league baseball player
* [[Michael J. Brown]], Illinois state representative and businessman
* [[Bryan Bulaga]], football player, [[Iowa Hawkeyes football|University of Iowa]] and [[Green Bay Packers]]
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* [[Michele Weiner-Davis]], marriage therapist and author
* [[Orson Welles]], director, writer, actor, producer, 1931 graduate of the Todd School for Boys<ref name="Tarbox" />{{Rp|3}}
* [[Gigi Goode]], American drag queen and contestant on [[
* [[Brad S. Gregory]], Professor of History and Dorothy G. Griffin Collegiate Chair at the [[University of Notre Dame]]
* [[Rich Loiselle]], pitcher for the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]]
* [[Tamara Taxman]], Brazilian-American Actress
== Geography ==
[[File:Woodstock Illinois sign.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|
==Demographics==
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|2000= 20151
|2010= 24770
|2020= 25630
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decades|publisher=[[US Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br> 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2/> 2020<ref name=2020CensusP2/>
}}
===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Woodstock city, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Woodstock city, Illinois |url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US1783349&tid=DECENNIALSF12000.P004|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 26, 2024}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Woodstock city, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US1783349&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Woodstock city, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US1783349&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|15,511
|17,748
|style='background: #ffffe6; |16,456
|76.97%
|70.56%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |64.21%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|195
|513
|style='background: #ffffe6; |737
|0.97%
|2.07%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.88%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|30
|40
|style='background: #ffffe6; |33
|0.15%
|0.16%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.13%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|400
|562
|style='background: #ffffe6; |527
|1.99%
|2.27%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.06%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|0
|15
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2
|0.00%
|0.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.01%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|20
|16
|style='background: #ffffe6; |106
|0.10%
|0.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.41%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|165
|294
|style='background: #ffffe6; |860
|0.82%
|1.19%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.36%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|3,830
|5,852
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6,909
|19.01%
|23.63%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |26.96%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''20,151'''
|'''24,770'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''25,630'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}
===2000 Census===
In the 2000 [[census]],<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|title=U.S. Census website|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31}}</ref> there were 20,151 people, 7,273 households, and 4,843 families in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,891.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 7,599 housing units at an average density of {{convert|713.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 87.48% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.06% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.23% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 2.01% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 7.69% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.52% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 19.01% of the population.
There were 7,273 households, out of which 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% were non-families. 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.30.
| |||