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{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Woodstock
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| image_caption = The landmark [[Woodstock Opera House]] building in historic downtown Woodstock
| motto = "True to Its Past; Confident of Its Future"
| image_flag = Flag of Woodstock, Illinois.png
| image_seal = Seal of Woodstock, Illinois.png
| image_blank_emblem = Logo of Woodstock, Illinois.png
| blank_emblem_type = Logo
| etymology =
| nickname =
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}}
'''Woodstock''' is a city in (and the [[county seat]] of) [[McHenry County, Illinois|McHenry County]], [[Illinois]], [[United States]]. It is located
==History==
[[File:Illinois - Western Spring through Woodstock - NARA - 23939981 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Woodstock in 1936]]
=== Early days, Centerville ===
Woodstock was originally known as Centerville because of its location at the geographic center of McHenry County. It was chosen as the county seat on September 4, 1843. Early settler Alvin Judd developed a [[plat]] for the town, which incorporated a two-acre public square, near which a 2-story frame courthouse and jail were constructed the following year by George C. Dean and Daniel Blair.<ref name="encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org"/>
In 1845, prominent resident Joel Johnson proposed that Centerville be given a more original name, and the town was renamed Woodstock after Johnson's hometown of [[Woodstock, Vermont]]. The town was still listed as "Center" on the 1850 Federal Census. In 1852, Woodstock was incorporated as a village with Judd as president. In response to a growing population following the end of the Civil War, Woodstock was incorporated as a city in 1873.<ref name="encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org"/>
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[[File:WoodstockILCourtHJail.JPG|thumb|upright=1.2|The Old McHenry County Courthouse and jail in Woodstock]]
In 1895, [[Eugene V. Debs]] served a short federal prison sentence in the Woodstock Jail following the [[Pullman Strike|1894 Pullman labor strike]] in Chicago. Debs, the former president of the American Railway Union, was held in Woodstock instead of Chicago because federal officials feared that he would be surrounded with too many sympathizers in a Chicago prison and therefore could have still incited further unrest. Debs was instead assigned to a cell in the newly constructed Woodstock Jail, which occupied the lowest floor of the [[Old McHenry County Courthouse|Woodstock Courthouse]] on the town square.<ref name="Debs">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cUwuAAAAYAAJ&pg=GBS.PA45|title=Debs: His Life, Writings and Speeches: With a Department of Appreciations|last=Debs|first=Eugene Victor|date=1908-01-01|publisher=C. H. Kerr & Company|language=en}}</ref>
During his time in the jail, Debs received several influential socialist visitors and encountered the works of [[Karl Marx]]. He is said to have considered the Woodstock Jail one of the "greatest school[s]," and passed his time reading and writing many letters from his cell. By the time he was released in November 1895 (to great fanfare and before crowds of onlookers assembled in the Woodstock Square), Debs had become a [[Socialism|socialist]] and a national celebrity.<ref
=== "Typewriter City" ===
During the early part of the 20th century, Woodstock had become "Typewriter City" and was home to factories of both the Emerson Typewriter Company and the [[Oliver Typewriter Company]]. Woodstock workers had built more than half the world's typewriters by 1922.<ref name="encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org" /> The companies were very much a part of civic life in Woodstock during this time. Both factories had active social clubs, baseball teams that competed against one another, and Emerson had a well-regarded band that played at public events.<ref name="Woodstock, by Nancy Baker">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wRgWMM-VlhUC&pg=PA39 |title=Woodstock, by Nancy Baker|isbn=9780738540801|last1=Baker|first1=Nancy L.|year=2006|publisher=Arcadia }}</ref><ref name="emersonlofts.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.emersonlofts.com/index.php|title=Emerson Lofts - Models {{!}} Our luxurious one and two bedroom lofts feature a perfect blend of historical and contemporary style.|website=www.emersonlofts.com|access-date=2016-11-22}}</ref>
In 1919, Emerson Typewriter became the Woodstock Typewriter Company. The city grew and flourished with increasing demand for Woodstock typewriters through and after [[World War II]]. Initially the company sold typewriters for use in the war effort both domestically and abroad, but after the war's end returning servicemen, now familiar with the Woodstock brand, chose these models for their households. The factory was in use until 1970, and has since been converted into lofts.<ref
<gallery>
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=== Orson Welles and the Todd School for Boys ===
Woodstock had an important role in the creative development of [[Orson Welles]]. In 1926, in the midst of a chaotic upbringing, he enrolled at the [[Todd Seminary for Boys|Todd School for Boys]] in Woodstock at age 10. His five-year stay there was his only formal education, and the town and school made an impression on the young Welles. Years later, in 1960, when asked where he thought of as his hometown, he replied "I suppose it's Woodstock, Illinois, if it's anywhere. I went to school there for four years. If I try to think of a home, it's that."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/articles/Orson-Welles-9527363|title=
At Todd School, the young Welles came under the positive influence and guidance of Roger Hill, a teacher who later became the school's headmaster. Hill provided Welles with an educational environment that supported his creativity, allowing Welles to concentrate on subjects that interested him. Welles performed and staged his first theatrical experiments and productions at Todd. He also performed at the downtown Woodstock Opera House, where the stage — the site of his American debut as a professional theatre director — is now dedicated to him.<ref name="Todd Festival Anniversary">{{cite web|url=http://www.woodstockoperahouse.com/files/Events/PerformancePages/2014Welles_Festival.html|title=Orson Welles 1934 Todd Theatre Festival 80th Anniversary|publisher=Woodstock Opera House|access-date=2014-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140812214426/http://www.woodstockoperahouse.com//files/Events/PerformancePages/2014Welles_Festival.html|archive-date=2014-08-12|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Dedication">{{cite web|url=http://www.wellesnet.com/?p=4677|title=Orson Welles Stage dedicated at Woodstock Opera House|date=February 10, 2013|publisher=Wellesnet|access-date=2014-09-26}}</ref>
Welles returned to Woodstock periodically after leaving school. In July 1934 at the age of 19, he coordinated the Todd Theatre Festival, a six-week summer festival at the [[Woodstock Opera House]] that featured [[Hilton Edwards]] and [[Micheál MacLiammóir]] of Dublin's [[Gate Theatre]].<ref name="Tarbox">Tarbox, Todd, ''Orson Welles and Roger Hill: A Friendship in Three Acts''. Albany, Georgia: BearManor Media, 2013, {{ISBN|1-59393-260-X}}.</ref>{{Rp|165}} His short film ''[[The Hearts of Age]]'' was shot on the Todd School campus during the festival.<ref name="Library Brochure">{{cite web|url=http://www.woodstockpubliclibrary.org/sites/woodstockpubliclibrary.org/files/ToddSchoolHistoryWoodstock.pdf|title=Todd School for Boys 1848–1954, Woodstock, Illinois|publisher=Woodstock Public Library|access-date=2014-09-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140905214834/http://www.woodstockpubliclibrary.org/sites/woodstockpubliclibrary.org/files/ToddSchoolHistoryWoodstock.pdf|archive-date=2014-09-05|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/0506.html|title=Orson Welles is Dead at 70; Innovator of Film and Stage|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=2016-11-22}}</ref>
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===''Groundhog Day'', 1993===
Woodstock is perhaps most famous for its role as the location for the 1993 movie ''[[Groundhog Day (film)|Groundhog Day]],'' starring [[Bill Murray]]. Although the story is set in [[Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania]], the movie's producers preferred the quintessentially American, but non-specific backdrop of Woodstock Square and its surroundings. Outdoor and street scenes were filmed around the downtown and various side streets, and signs from stores and businesses are visible throughout the movie.<ref name="autogenerated1993">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0107048/locations|title=Groundhog Day (1993)|work=IMDb|access-date=31 March 2016}}</ref>
Many notable scenes' locations are commemorated with plaques as part of a walking tour for visitors and enthusiasts.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://woodstockgroundhog.org/pages/tour.html |title=Every Day is Groundhog Day in Woodstock, IL! |publisher=Woodstockgroundhog.org |access-date=2016-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112084855/http://woodstockgroundhog.org/pages/tour.html |archive-date=2012-01-12 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
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===Other===
Woodstock was the basis for the fictional town of Hawkins Falls in the 1950s television soap opera ''[[Hawkins Falls, Population 6200]]''. The city was the site of primary filming for the movie ''Bored Silly'', which was released in 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0214548/ |publisher=IMDb.com|title=Bored Silly (2000) |access-date=2018-05-02}}</ref> In August 2018, it was reported that filming had begun in and around the Square for the 2019 HBO series [[Lovecraft Country (TV series)|''Lovecraft Country'']] from producers [[J. J. Abrams]], [[Jordan Peele]], [[Misha Green]] and [[Ben Stephenson]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thewoodstockindependent.com/2018/09/woodstock-back-on-silver-screen-for-hbo-pilot/|title=WOODSTOCK BACK ON SILVER SCREEN FOR HBO PILOT|access-date=2018-09-07|language=en}}</ref> A map of Woodstock can be seen on the splash screen for [[The Jackbox Party Pack]] 4 game Civic Doodle where the historic square and Illinois route 47 and 120 are clearly visible.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://preview.redd.it/5uhapc37w8l61.jpg?width=960&crop=smart&auto=webp&s=21d12d6d29e8f71fc23af38273e751d637f34e3c
In September 2021, a second commercial began filming in Woodstock, including the Woodstock Square and the surrounding areas, for [[Toyota]], which began airing on television later that December.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailyherald.com/news/20211001/shots-for-toyota-commercial-and-lightyears-filmed-in-woodstock-square|title=Shots for Toyota commercial and 'Lightyears' filmed in Woodstock Square|date=October 2021}}</ref>
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=== Public transit ===
[[Woodstock (Metra)|Woodstock's railroad station]] is the penultimate passenger stop on [[Metra]]'s [[Union Pacific / Northwest Line|Union Pacific Northwest Line]], which originates from [[Ogilvie Transportation Center]] in downtown Chicago and ends in [[Harvard, Illinois]]. At Woodstock, Metra offers passengers
This direct link to the city was historically instrumental in Woodstock's growth as a city, and remains an attractive option for local commuters and residents to reach Chicago. As a result, Woodstock's use of the system is greater than that of nearly half of the Metra system's other outlying stations, many of which serve larger or geographically nearer communities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://metrarail.com/sites/default/files/assets/about-metra/2014count_summary10.pdf|title=Metra Commuter Rail System Station Statistics - 2014|last=Division of Strategic Capital Planning|first=Metra|date=Spring 2014|website=www.metrarail.com}}</ref>
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=== Major roads ===
[[U.S. Route 14]] once took drivers through the heart of downtown Woodstock, but a
==Notable people==
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* [[Jessica Biel]], actress and model
* [[Bob Bird (politician)|Bob Bird]], Alaskan pro-life and political activist, first Distinguished Alumnus of Marian Central, graduated in 1969.
* [[Cyrus Allen Black]], taxidermist, decoy-maker and minor league baseball player
* [[Michael J. Brown]], Illinois state representative and businessman
* [[Bryan Bulaga]], football player, [[Iowa Hawkeyes football|University of Iowa]] and [[Green Bay Packers]]
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* [[Brad S. Gregory]], Professor of History and Dorothy G. Griffin Collegiate Chair at the [[University of Notre Dame]]
* [[Rich Loiselle]], pitcher for the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]]
* [[Tamara Taxman]], Brazilian-American Actress
== Geography ==
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===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Woodstock city, Illinois
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop
!Pop
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Woodstock city, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=1600000US1783349&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|15,511
|17,748
|style='background: #ffffe6; |16,456
|70.56%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |64.21%
▲|64.21%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|195
|513
|style='background: #ffffe6; |737
|2.07%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.88%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|30
|40
|style='background: #ffffe6; |33
|0.16%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.13%
▲|0.13%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|400
|562
|style='background: #ffffe6; |527
|2.27%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2.06%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|15
|style='background: #ffffe6; |2
▲|2
|0.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.01%
▲|0.01%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|20
|16
|style='background: #ffffe6; |106
|0.06%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.41%
▲|0.41%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race
|165
|294
|style='background: #ffffe6; |860
|1.19%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.36%
▲|3.36%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|3,830
|5,852
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6,909
|23.63%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |26.96%
▲|26.96%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''20,151'''
|'''24,770'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''25,630'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}
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