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Grahampeters (talk | contribs) Correct number of siblings. Mother, Julia Brennan had five with Patick Cain and a further eight with Sylvester Reid Fisk |
Tassedethe (talk | contribs) m v2.05 - Repaired 1 link to disambiguation page - (You can help) - Robert Holt |
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Cain was born, oldest of 13 siblings, in [[Greendale, Victoria]], near [[Bacchus Marsh, Victoria|Bacchus Marsh]]. His father, Patrick Cane, was an Irish-born [[Roman Catholic]] who worked as a small farmer and contractor. His birth (number 3094 of 1882) was registered as John Caine, son of Patrick Caine and Julia Brannen at Greendale. His siblings were variously registered with the surnames Cane and Cain. (n.b. unusual mis-spelling of his mother's surname)
John Caine changed the spelling of his surname and converted to [[Anglicanism]]. He left no personal papers and very little is known about his youth (so little, indeed, that reference works published during his lifetime, and shortly after his death, continued to give the year of his birth as 1887). He had
==Political career==
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In September 1943, Dunstan resigned, when his government lost a [[Motion of no confidence|vote of no confidence]] in the [[Victorian Legislative Assembly]], the [[Lower house]] of the Victorian Parliament. Cain became Premier and Labor formed a minority government on 14 September.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article2649189 |title=LABOUR MINISTRY IN VICTORIA. |newspaper=[[The Canberra Times]] |date=15 September 1943 |accessdate=27 March 2011 |page=2 |publisher=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref name=ANU_AustralianDictionaryofBiographyOnline_JohnCain/>
The [[First Cain Ministry|first Cain government]] lasted only 4 days, from 14 to 18 September 1943. On 15 September, barely 24 hours after [[Governor of Victoria]] [[Winston Dugan, 1st Baron Dugan of Victoria|Sir Winston Dugan]] had sworn-in the cabinet, the government was defeated in the Legislative Assembly. Cain's motion to adjourn the parliament for over a week was defeated by the Country Party and the [[United Australia Party]] (UAP), and Dunstan moved that Parliament resume the next day, giving notice that he would move a motion of no confidence against Cain's government, confident it would be carried by the CP–UAP alliance.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17863065 |title=CAIN MINISTRY DEFEATED. |newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=16 September 1943 |accessdate=27 March 2011 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia |archive-date=17 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417035716/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/17863065 |url-status=live }}</ref> Cain indicated that he would request a dissolution of parliament from the Governor, but if his request was refused, he would resign as Premier.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article42399067 |title=SHORT LIFE. |newspaper=[[The Cairns Post]] |location=Qld. |date=16 September 1943 |accessdate=27 March 2011 |page=5 |publisher=National Library of Australia |archive-date=17 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417035732/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/42399067 |url-status=live }}</ref> On 17 September, Cain visited the Governor who refused his request for a dissolution, Cain then resigned and the Governor commissioned Dunstan to form a coalition government with the UAP, which was sworn in on Saturday 18 September.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article42399294 |title=DISSOLUTION REFUSED. |newspaper=[[The Cairns Post]] |location=Qld. |date=18 September 1943 |accessdate=27 March 2011 |page=4 |publisher=National Library of Australia |archive-date=17 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240417035728/https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/42399294 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite AuDB |id2=dunstan-sir-albert-arthur-6055 |title=Dunstan, Sir Albert Arthur (1882 - 1950) |access-date=13 January 2011}}</ref>
===Second Cain government===
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==Cain and the Labor split==
The [[Australian Labor Party split of 1955]] started in October 1954 after the federal leader, [[H.V. Evatt|Dr H. V. Evatt]], blamed [[B. A. Santamaria]] and his supporters in the Victorian Labor Party for Labor's loss of seats at the [[1954 Australian federal election|1954 federal election]]. Santamaria exercised strong influence in the Cain government through "Movement" linked ministers such as [[Bill Barry (politician)|Bill Barry]] and [[Frank Scully (politician)|Frank Scully]]. Protestant and left-wing ministers strongly opposed the Movement faction. In December 1953 the Lands Minister, [[Robert Holt (politician)|Robert Holt]], resigned rather than introduce a Santamaria-influenced bill which would have promoted the settlement of Italian immigrants as small farmers in [[Gippsland]] (a favourite Santamaria scheme which was seen as a plot to create a Catholic peasantry).
In early 1955 the Labor Party's federal executive dissolved the state executive and began to expel Santamaria's supporters from the party. The Victorian branch of the Labor Party then split between pro-Evatt and pro-Santamaria factions, and in March the pro-Evatt State Executive of the party suspended the membership of 24 members of State Parliament suspected of being Santamaria supporters. Four ministers were forced to resign from the government.
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==Notes==
<sup>1</sup> John Cain (1882–1957) was the father of [[John Cain (41st Premier of Victoria)]] (1931–2019), who also has a son named John Cain<ref name="ABC_TheWorldToday_18Jun2004_LawInstituteofVictoria_CEOJohnCainJr">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2004/s1135165.htm|title=
==References==
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[[Category:Australian people of Irish descent]]
[[Category:Converts to Anglicanism from Roman Catholicism]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in Victoria (
[[Category:Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Victoria]]
[[Category:20th-century Australian politicians]]
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