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{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name=Lynn
|settlement_type = City
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|nicknames = "City of Sin" and "City of Firsts"
|government_type = [[Mayor-council government|Mayor-council city]]
|governing_body = Executive Branch (Mayor) and Legislative Branch (City Council)<ref
|leader_title = [[List of mayors of Lynn, Massachusetts|Mayor]]<ref
|leader_name = [[Jared C. Nicholson]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
|leader_title1 = [[City council|Council]]<ref
|leader_name1 = John M. Walsh Jr <br /> (President, Ward 7) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br /> Dianna Chakoutis<br />(Vice President,<br />Ward 5) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br />Brian M. Field<br />(at-large) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br />Brian P. LaPierre<br />(at-large) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br /> Hong L. Net<br />(at-large) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br /> Nicole McClain<br /> (at-large) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br />Peter Meany<br />(Ward 1) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br />Obed Matul<br />(Ward 2) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br />Constantino “Coco” Alinsug<br /> (Ward 3) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br /> Natasha Megie-Maddrey<br /> (Ward 4) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]) <br />Frederick W. Hogan<br /> (Ward 6) ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]])
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|population_est =
|population_footnotes =
|area_footnotes = <ref
}}
'''Lynn''' is the eighth-largest [[List of municipalities in Massachusetts|municipality in Massachusetts]], United States,<ref
Settled by Europeans in 1629, Lynn is the 5th oldest colonial settlement in the Commonwealth.<ref
==History==
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=== Pre-contact ===
The area that is now known as Lynn was inhabited for thousands of years by [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]] prior to [[British colonization of the Americas|English colonization]] in the 1600s. At the time of European contact, the area today known as Lynn was primarily inhabited by the [[Naumkeag people]]<ref name="
===17th century===
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A noteworthy early Lynn colonist, Thomas Halsey, left Lynn to settle the East End of Long Island, where he and several others founded the Town of [[Southampton, New York]]. The resulting Halsey House—the oldest extant frame house in New York State (1648)—is now open to the public, under the aegis of the Southampton Colonial Society.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/thomashalseyofhe00hals/thomashalseyofhe00hals_djvu.txt|title=Full text of "Thomas Halsey of Hertfordshire, England, and Southampton, Long Island, 1591-1679 : with his American descendants to the eighth and ninth generations"|website=archive.org|year=1895 |access-date=July 4, 2017}}</ref>
As English settlement pushed deeper into Naumkeag territories, [[Virgin soil epidemic|disease]], [[Praying town|missionary efforts]], and loss of access to seasonal hunting, farming, and fishing grounds caused significant disruption to Naumkeag lifeways. In 1675, Naumkeag [[sachem]] [[Wenepoykin]] joined [[Metacomet]] in resisting English colonization in [[King Philip's War]], for which he was enslaved and sent to [[Barbados]].<ref name="
Further European settlement of Lynn led to several independent towns being formed, with [[Reading, Massachusetts|Reading]] created in 1644; [[Lynnfield, Massachusetts|Lynnfield]] in 1782; [[Saugus, Massachusetts|Saugus]] in 1815; [[Swampscott, Massachusetts|Swampscott]] in 1852; and [[Nahant, Massachusetts|Nahant]] in 1853. The City of Lynn was incorporated on May 14, 1850.<ref name="Semi-Centennial_Incorporation"/><ref name="cityoflynn.net">{{cite web|url=http://www.cityoflynn.net/aboutlynn_history.shtml|title=Brief History of Lynn|website=www.cityoflynn.net|access-date=July 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170707163458/http://cityoflynn.net/aboutlynn_history.shtml|archive-date=July 7, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Colonial Lynn was an early center of tannery and shoe-making, which began in 1635. The boots worn by [[Continental Army]] soldiers during the [[American Revolution|Revolutionary War]] were made in Lynn, and the shoe-making industry drove the city's growth into the early nineteenth century.<ref name=cihist/> This legacy is reflected in the city's seal, which features a colonial boot.<ref
===19th century===
[[File:Lynn Historical Aerial.jpg|thumb|right|Aerial Illustration of Lynn, {{circa|1881}}]]
In 1816, a mail stage coach was operating through Lynn. By 1836, 23 stage coaches left the Lynn Hotel for Boston each day. The [[Eastern Railroad (Massachusetts)|Eastern Railroad]] Line between Salem and East Boston opened on August 28, 1838. This was later merged with the [[Boston and Maine]] Railroad and called the Eastern Division. In 1847 telegraph wires passed through Lynn, but no telegraph service station was built until 1858.<ref
[[File:Lynn Diamond Historic District Nahant St.jpg|thumb|Nahant Street in Diamond Historic District]]
During the middle of the nineteenth century, estates and beach cottages were constructed along Lynn's shoreline, and the city's Atlantic coastline became a fashionable summer resort.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cityoflynn.net/aboutlynn_history.shtml|title=Brief History of Lynn|website=www.cityoflynn.net|access-date=2016-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161020035529/http://www.cityoflynn.net/aboutlynn_history.shtml|archive-date=October 20, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Many of the structures built during this period are today situated within the National Register-listed [[Diamond Historic District (Lynn, Massachusetts)|Diamond Historic District]].
Further inland, industrial activity contemporaneously expanded in Lynn. Shoe manufacturers, led by [[Charles A. Coffin]] and Silas Abbott Barton, invested in the early electric industry, specifically in 1883 with [[Elihu Thomson]], [[Edwin J. Houston]], and their [[Thomson-Houston Electric Company]].<ref
Initially the [[General Electric]] plant specialized in arc lights, electric motors, and meters. Later it specialized in aircraft electrical systems and components, and aircraft engines were built in Lynn during WWII. That engine plant evolved into the current jet engine plant during WWII because of research contacts at MIT in Cambridge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.massmoments.org/moment-details/g-e-engineers-test-jet-engine.html|title=G.E. Engineers Test Jet Engine|date=April 18, 2008 |access-date=December 11, 2021|archive-date=December 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211211032319/https://www.massmoments.org/moment-details/g-e-engineers-test-jet-engine.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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[[File:Soldiers'_Monument,_Library_and_common,_Lynn,_Mass.jpg|thumb|Postcard depicting a soldier monument in Lynn, MA]]
One of the largest strikes of the early labor movement began in the shoe factories of Lynn on February 22, 1860, when Lynn shoemakers marched through the streets to their workplaces and handed in their tools, protesting reduced wages.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.massaflcio.org/1860-showmakers-strike-lynn |title=1860 Showmakers Strike in Lynn | Massachusetts AFL-CIO |access-date=2016-07-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816175917/http://www.massaflcio.org/1860-showmakers-strike-lynn |archive-date=August 16, 2016 }}</ref> Known as the [[1860 New England Shoemakers Strike
In 1841, abolitionist [[Frederick Douglass]], moved to Lynn as a fugitive slave. Douglass wrote his first autobiography, ''[[Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave]],'' while living in Lynn. The publication would become Douglass's best-known work. Douglass, his wife, and their five children lived in Lynn until 1848.<ref name="
In 1870, [[Esther Hill Hawks]], a renowned a female physician, and activist during the [[American Civil War]], moved to Lynn becoming one of the three first female physicians in Lynn, providing her gynecology services to many women. Later on in 1874, opening her own practice.
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On February 1, 1866, [[Mary Baker Eddy]] experienced the "[[Christian Science#Fall in Lynn|fall in Lynn]]", often referred to by [[Christian Scientist]]s as significant to the birth of their religion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marybakereddylibrary.org/mary-baker-eddy/the-life-of-mary-baker-eddy/|title=The Life of Mary Baker Eddy|date=December 3, 1910|website=Marybakereddylibrary.org|access-date=2016-06-05|archive-date=April 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160417202736/http://www.marybakereddylibrary.org/mary-baker-eddy/the-life-of-mary-baker-eddy/|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1889 a massive fire swept through the downtown of Lynn, and would not be matched in size until nearly 100 years later.<ref>{{cite web |title=Great Lynn Fire of 1889 |url=http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/great-lynn-fire-1889.htm |website=www.celebrateboston.com |access-date=April 26, 2022 |archive-date=May 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521152505/http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/great-lynn-fire-1889.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> At the time the loss was the third largest from fire in New England history. A total of 296 building were destroyed, including 142 homes, 25 stores, the Central Square railroad depot, four banks and four newspaper buildings. It was estimated that 200 families were made homeless and 10,000 jobs were lost. Estimates put the total loss as high as {{US$|6000000|1889|round=-4|about=yes|long=no|link=no}}.<ref
===20th century===
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Catholic churches catering to the needs of specific language and ethnic groups also testify to the waves of immigrants. St. Jean Baptiste parish, eventually including a grammar school and high school, was founded in 1886, primarily for French-Canadians. Holy Family Church conducted services in Italian beginning in 1922, and St. Michael's church also provided church services and a grammar school for the Polish-speaking community, beginning in 1906.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bostoncatholic.org/Offices-And-Services/Office-Detail.aspx?id=12292&pid=1484|title=Archdiocese of Boston Ethnic Parishes|work=bostoncatholic.org|access-date=July 3, 2016|archive-date=August 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806080630/http://www.bostoncatholic.org/Offices-And-Services/Office-Detail.aspx?id=12292&pid=1484|url-status=live}}</ref> St. Patrick's church and school was a focus of the Irish-American community in Lynn.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bostoncatholic.org/Offices-And-Services/Office-Detail.aspx?id=12314&pid=1484|title=Archdiocese of Boston Sacramental Record Inventory – Parishes by City, H-Z|work=bostoncatholic.org|access-date=July 3, 2016|archive-date=August 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806113803/http://www.bostoncatholic.org/Offices-And-Services/Office-Detail.aspx?id=12314&pid=1484|url-status=live}}</ref> St. George's Greek Orthodox Church was founded in Lynn in 1905.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://stgeorgelynn.org/history.html|title=St. George Greek Orthodox Church – Our Parish|work=stgeorgelynn.org|access-date=July 3, 2016|archive-date=April 29, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429084654/http://stgeorgelynn.org/history.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Later in the 20th century, the city became an important center of greater Boston's Latino community.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Vasquez |first=Daniel W. |date=January 2003 |title=Latinos in Lynn, Massachusetts |url=https://scholarworks.umb.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://en.wikipedia.org/&httpsredir=1&article=1087&context=gaston_pubs |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819105450/http://scholarworks.umb.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1087&context=gaston_pubs |archive-date=August 19, 2016 |website=ScholarWorks at [[University of Massachusetts Boston]]}}</ref> Additionally, several thousand Cambodians settled in Lynn between 1975 and 1979 and in the early 1980s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pluralism.org/profile/sanghikaram-wat-khmer/|title=Sanghikaram Wat Khmer – The Pluralism Project|work=pluralism.org|access-date=July 3, 2016}}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
At the beginning of the 20th century, Lynn was the world-leader in the production of shoes. 234 factories produced more than a million pairs of shoes each day, thanks in part to mechanization of the process by an African-American immigrant named [[Jan Ernst Matzeliger]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.biography.com/inventor/jan-matzeliger|title=Jan Matzeliger|website=Biography|language=en-us|access-date=2019-10-23|archive-date=December 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212060637/https://www.biography.com/inventor/jan-matzeliger|url-status=live}}</ref> From 1924 until 1974, the Lynn Independent Industrial Shoemaking School operated in the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mhc-macris.net/
In the early 1900s, the Metropolitan District Commission acquired several coastal properties in Lynn and Nahant, in order to create [[Lynn Shore Reservation|Lynn Shore]] and [[Nahant Beach Reservation|Nahant Beach]] Reservations, and to construct adjoining [[Lynn Shore Drive]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/dcr/massparks/region-north/lynn-shore-and-nahant-beach-reservation.html|title=Lynn Shore & Nahant Beach Reservation|date=April 5, 2013|website=Energy and Environmental Affairs|access-date=July 4, 2017|archive-date=July 4, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704195248/http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/dcr/massparks/region-north/lynn-shore-and-nahant-beach-reservation.html|url-status=live}}</ref> When it opened to the public in 1910, Lynn Shore Drive catalyzed new development along Lynn's coastline, yielding many of the early 20th century structures that constitute a majority of the contributing resources found in the National Register-listed [[Diamond Historic District (Lynn, Massachusetts)|Diamond Historic District]].<ref name="cityoflynn.net"/>
In 1970,
During the late 1970s and early 1980s, Lynn suffered several large fires. On November 28, 1981, a devastating inferno engulfed several former shoe factories, located at Broad and Washington Streets. Seventeen downtown buildings were destroyed in less than twelve hours, with property losses estimated to be totaling at least {{US$|35000000|1981|round=-4|about=yes|long=no|link=yes}}. At least 18 businesses were affected, resulting in the estimated loss of 1,500 jobs.<ref
[[File:Lynn Washington St at Broad St.jpg|thumb|right|Lynn Washington Street at Broad Street]]
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Some data suggest a reputation for crime and vice in Lynn.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Historic Shops & Restaurants of Boston|last=Méras|first=Phyllis|year=2007|page=56}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://kerry.senate.gov/cfm/record.cfm?id=288018|title=Don't Leave New England Families Out in the Cold|last=Kerry|first=John|date=November 27, 2007|work=United States Senate|access-date=2010-01-13|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106003358/http://kerry.senate.gov/cfm/record.cfm?id=288018|archive-date=January 6, 2010}}</ref>
In order to counter its reputation as "the city of sin", Lynn launched a "City Of Firsts" advertising campaign in the early 1990s, which promoted Lynn as having:{{Citation needed|date=June 2024|reason=Need source for campaign being launched in early 1990s}}
* [[Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site|First iron works]] (1643)<ref name="firsts"/>
* First fire engine (1654)
* First electric [[List of streetcar systems in the United States#Massachusetts|streetcar to operate in Massachusetts]]<ref
* First American jet engine<ref name="firsts"/>
* First woman in advertising & mass-marketing – [[Lydia Pinkham]]<ref name="firsts"/>
* First baseball game under artificial light{{cn|date=February 2024}}
* First dance academy in the U.S.{{cn|date=February 2024}}
* First [[Tanning (leather)|tannery]] in the U.S.<ref
* First [[Airmail|air mail]] transport in New England, from Saugus, MA to Lynn, MA<ref name="firsts"/>
* First roast beef sandwich{{cn|date=February 2024}}
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Lynn's revitalization has been bolstered by the city's emergence as a center of creative [[placemaking]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.itemlive.com/2017/07/24/beyond-walls-meant-business/|title=Beyond Walls meant business - Itemlive|date=July 24, 2017|work=Itemlive|access-date=2018-04-01|language=en-US|archive-date=April 2, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180402101358/https://www.itemlive.com/2017/07/24/beyond-walls-meant-business/|url-status=live}}</ref>
In 2017, swaths of the city's downtown were transformed by a series of large-scale murals, painted on buildings by local, national, and international artists, as part of the city's inaugural Beyond Walls festival.<ref name="Murals enliven downtown Lynn"/> Light-based interventions, including projections onto [[High Rock Tower Reservation|High Rock Tower]],<ref
In recent years, Lynn has attracted a substantial and growing [[LGBT]] population.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/2013/01/16/gay-meccas-mass/fTxvVGAUpNv20jSjdlXeKK/story.html|title=Gay meccas in Mass.|first=Steven A.|last=Rosenberg|date=January 17, 2013|website=BostonGlobe.com|access-date=2016-06-18|archive-date=August 6, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806210337/https://www.bostonglobe.com/2013/01/16/gay-meccas-mass/fTxvVGAUpNv20jSjdlXeKK/story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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In April 2018, ''[[The Boston Globe]]'' named Lynn one of the "Top spots to live in [[Greater Boston]] in 2018."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/magazine/2018/04/19/top-spots-live-greater-boston/dTuUnUNbEaEwuwlnyowgII/story.html|title=Best places to live in Massachusetts|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|access-date=2018-05-18|archive-date=May 18, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518200455/https://www.bostonglobe.com/magazine/2018/04/19/top-spots-live-greater-boston/dTuUnUNbEaEwuwlnyowgII/story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
On August 18, 2021, the new [[Frederick Douglass]] Park on Exchange Street was dedicated, directly across the street from the site of the [[Lynn station|Central Square railroad depot]] where Douglass was forcibly removed from the train in 1841. The park features a bronze [[Relief|bas-relief]] sculpture of Douglass.<ref
On September 16, 2021, Mayor McGee introduced [https://lynnincommon.com/vision-lynn Vision Lynn], a 20-year comprehensive planning project to expand Lynn's diversity and improve infrastructure further.<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 21, 2016 |title=210916 Launch of Vision Lynn |url=https://lynnincommon.com/12193/widgets/38033/documents/23504 |access-date=April 25, 2023 |publisher=City of Lynn |type=Press release |format=PDF}}</ref> In the following year and a half, Lynn's Planning Department held many opportunities for Lynners to discuss what they see for the future of the city. On April 10, 2023,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public Comment Period: Opportunities to Engage |url=https://lynnincommon.com/vision-lynn/news_feed/public-comment-period |access-date=2023-04-25 |website=Lynn In Common |language=en}}</ref> a [https://lynnincommon.com/12193/widgets/38033/documents/41537 draft of the plan] was shared on the planning departments website to allow for greater public comment. After May 15, 2023, the public comment window will be closed and the committee will release a final draft to be endorsed and adopted by the city.
Lynn earned the moniker "[[Condom]] Capital of the USA"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Global Protection Corp. |url=https://greaterlynnchamber.com/directory/healthcare/global-protection-corp/ |access-date=2024-07-22 |website=Greater Lynn Chamber of Commerce |language=en-US}}</ref> after Global Protection, a subsidiary of [[Karex]], the world's largest condom manufacturer, relocated to the former [[Garelick Farms]] facility.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lynnway Park |url=https://www.lynnwaypark.com/updates/lynnway-park-signs-global-protection-corp-new-building-upgrades |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=www.lynnwaypark.com}}</ref>
==Geography==
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===Climate===
Lynn
According to the [[Köppen climate classification]], Lynn has either a [[Humid continental climate#Hot summer subtype|hot-summer humid continental climate]] (abbreviated ''Dfa''), or a hot-summer [[Humid subtropical climate|humid sub-tropical climate]] (abbreviated ''Cfa''), depending on the isotherm used.
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|2020|101253
|2022*|100891
|source={{center|U.S. Decennial Census<ref
|footnote=* = population estimate. {{Historical populations/Massachusetts municipalities references}}<ref
}}
[[File:Race and ethnicity 2020 Lynn, MA.png|thumb|Map of racial distribution in Lynn, 2020 U.S. census. Each dot is one person: {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=rgb(115, 178, 255)|White}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=rgb(159, 212, 0)|Black}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=rgb(255, 0, 0)|Asian}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=rgb(255, 170, 0)|Hispanic}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=rgb(140, 81, 181)|Multiracial}} {{legend inline|outline=white|white|text=⬤|textcolor=rgb(153, 102, 51)|Native American/Other}}]]
===2020 census===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+'''Lynn, Massachusetts – Racial and ethnic composition'''<br><small>{{nobold|''Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.''}}</small>
!Race / Ethnicity <small>(''NH = Non-Hispanic'')</small>
!Pop 2000<ref name=2000CensusP004>{{Cite web|title=P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Lynn city, Massachusetts|url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALSF12000.P004?g=160XX00US2537490|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!Pop 2010<ref name=2010CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Lynn city, Massachusetts|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US2537490&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!{{partial|Pop 2020}}<ref name=2020CensusP2>{{Cite web|title=P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Lynn city, Massachusetts|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=p2&g=160XX00US2537490&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
!% 2000
!% 2010
!{{partial|% 2020}}
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] alone (NH)
|55,630
|42,969
|style='background: #ffffe6; |34,536
|62.47%
|47.57%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |34.11%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] alone (NH)
|8,165
|9,494
|style='background: #ffffe6; |10,735
|9.17%
|10.51%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |10.60%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] alone (NH)
|168
|178
|style='background: #ffffe6; |115
|0.19%
|0.20%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.11%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] alone (NH)
|5,686
|6,210
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6,822
|6.39%
|6.87%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |6.74%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] alone (NH)
|39
|37
|style='background: #ffffe6; |28
|0.04%
|0.04%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |0.03%
|-
|[[Race and ethnicity in the United States census|Some Other Race]] alone (NH)
|349
|407
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1,077
|0.39%
|0.45%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |1.06%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed Race or Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|2,630
|2,021
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3,380
|2.95%
|2.24%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |3.34%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]] (any race)
|16,383
|29,013
|style='background: #ffffe6; |44,560
|18.40%
|32.12%
|style='background: #ffffe6; |44.01%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''89,050'''
|'''90,329'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''101,253'''
|'''100.00%'''
|'''100.00%'''
|style='background: #ffffe6; |'''100.00%'''
|}
===2010 census===
As of the census of 2010, there were 90,329 people, 33,310 households, and 20,988 families residing in the city.<ref name="american_fact_finder">{{cite web |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US2537490 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212135842/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/1600000US2537490 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2020-02-12 |title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics Lynn, MA: 2010 |work=American FactFinder – United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
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Lynn Woods was among the natural resources that inspired landscape architect [[Charles Eliot (landscape architect)|Charles Eliot]] and others to create Boston's [[Metropolitan Park System of Greater Boston|Metropolitan Park System]]. In 1893, Eliot noted that Lynn Woods ''"constitute the largest and most interesting, because the wildest, public domain in all New England."''<ref name="nps.gov"/>
Today, Lynn has 49 parks encompassing 1,540 aggregate acres, representing about 22% of the city's total 6,874-acre land area. Consequently, 96% of all Lynn residents live within a 10-minute walk of a park or open space.<ref
* [[Lynn Shore Reservation]]
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* [[Lynn Common Historic District|Lynn Commons]], an area between North and South Common Streets.
* [[Lynn Heritage State Park]]
* [[High Rock Tower Reservation|High Rock Tower]], a stone observation tower with a view of [[Nahant, Massachusetts|Nahant]], [[Boston]], Downtown Lynn, [[Egg Rock (Nahant Bay)|Egg Rock]], and the ocean. The top of the structure houses a telescope, which is open for the public to use.<ref
* [[Pine Grove Cemetery (Lynn, Massachusetts)|Pine Grove Cemetery]], an intact [[rural cemetery]], and one of the largest cemeteries in the country. ''[[Ripley's Believe It or Not]]'' once claimed the [[fieldstone]] wall around the cemetery was the "second longest contiguous stone wall in the world", after the Great Wall of China.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lynnmuseum.org/exhibits_collections/vintage_postcards_of_lynn/pine_grove_cemetery.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727051202/http://www.lynnmuseum.org/exhibits_collections/vintage_postcards_of_lynn/pine_grove_cemetery.html |archive-date=July 27, 2011 |title=Pine Grove Cemetery |access-date=2023-01-17 }}</ref>
* [[Spring Pond]], historic retreat of wild woodlands.
*Goldfish Pond/Lafayette Park
* [[Northern Strand Community Trail]] connects<ref
==Education==
[[File:Lynn English High School.jpg|thumb|right|[[Lynn English High School]]]]
Lynn has three public high schools ([[Lynn English High School|Lynn English]], [[Lynn Classical High School|Lynn Classical]], and [[Lynn Vocational and Technical Institute|Lynn Vocational Technical High School]]), four middle/[[junior high school]]s, two [[alternative school]]s, and, as of Autumn 2015, 18 elementary schools.<ref
[[KIPP: the Knowledge Is Power Program]] operates the KIPP Academy Lynn, a 5–8 [[charter school|charter]] middle school, and a charter high school called KIPP Academy Lynn Collegiate.
There is also an independent Catholic high school located in the city, [[St. Mary's High School (Lynn, Massachusetts)|St. Mary's High School]]. There are two Catholic primary schools, St. Pius V School and Sacred Heart School. There is also one interdenominational Christian school, North Shore Christian School.<ref
[[North Shore Community College]] has a campus in downtown Lynn (with its other campuses located in [[Danvers, Massachusetts|Danvers]] and [[Beverly, Massachusetts|Beverly]]).
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* [[Paul Barresi]], pornographic actor
* [[Verna Bloom]], American actress (''[[Animal House]]'', ''[[High Plains Drifter]]'', ''[[The Last Temptation of Christ (film)|The Last Temptation of Christ]]'')
* [[Ben Bowden]], pitcher on [[2014 Vanderbilt Commodores baseball team]]; currently pitches for the [[Atlanta Braves]] and has pitched for the [[Colorado Rockies]]
* [[Estelle Parsons]], actress, singer and stage director, Best Supporting Actress 1967 Academy Awards, was born at Lynn in 1927.
* [[Walter Brennan]], actor, winner of three [[Academy Awards]], was born in Lynn
Line 513 ⟶ 599:
* [[John Deering (baseball)|John Deering]], major league baseball player
* [[Joe Dixon (musician)|Joe Dixon]], jazz clarinet player
* [[Frederick Douglass]], abolitionist<ref name="
* [[Charles Remond Douglass]], soldier
* [[Mary Baker Eddy]], founder of Christian Science
Line 551 ⟶ 637:
* [[Lesley Stahl]], television journalist, ''[[60 Minutes]]'', was born in Lynn
* [[Gasper Urban]], football player
* [[Holman K. Wheeler]], architect of more than 400 structures in Lynn<ref
* [[Frances Hodges White]], children's author
* [[Tom Whelan]], major league baseball player
* [[John Yau]], poet and art critic
==In popular culture==
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