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{{Short description|Judicial district in Scotland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Scots law}}A '''sheriffdom''' is a judicial district in [[Scotland]], led by a [[sheriff principal]]. Since 1 January 1975, there have been six sheriffdoms. Each sheriffdom is divided into a series of [[sheriff court]] districts, and each sheriff court is presided over by a resident or floating sheriff (a legally qualified judge). Sheriffs principal and resident or floating sheriffs are all members of the [[judiciary of Scotland]].
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===Before 1975===
{{main|Historical development of Scottish sheriffdoms}}
Sheriffdoms were originally identical to the [[shires of Scotland]], originating in the twelfth century. Until the eighteenth century the office of sheriff was often hereditary, but this was ended following the unsuccessful [[Jacobite Rising of 1745]]. The [[Heritable Jurisdictions Act 1747]] revested the government of the shires in the Crown, compensating those office holders who were displaced. The [[Sheriffs (Scotland) Act 1747]] reduced the office of sheriff principal to a largely ceremonial one, with a sheriff depute or sheriff substitute appointed to each "county, shire or stewartry".<ref name=whetstone>{{cite journal |last1=Whetstone |first1=Ann E. |year= 1977|title=The Reform of the Scottish Sheriffdoms in the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries |journal=Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=61–71 |doi=10.2307/4048219 |jstor=4048219}}</ref> The sheriff deputes, who were paid a salary by the Crown, were qualified [[Faculty of Advocates|advocates]] and took charge of sheriff courts.<ref>{{cite web|title=Guide to Sheriff Court Records|url=http://www.nas.gov.uk/guides/sheriffCourt.asp|publisher=[[National Archives of Scotland]]|access-date=14 September 2012}}</ref> By the nineteenth century, the office of sheriff principal was an additional title held by the [[lord-lieutenant|lord lieutenant of the county]], and the Circuit Courts (Scotland) Act 1828 redesignated sheriff deputes as simply "sheriffs".<ref>9 Geo.4 c.29 s,22 "Sheriff-Deputes may be addressed by the title of Sheriff without the term Depute being added."</ref>
The Sheriffs Act of 1747 also began the grouping of two or more counties under
===Since 1975===
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||That part of the [[Lanarkshire|County of Lanark]] comprising the sheriff court district of Glasgow
||The districts of City of [[Glasgow]] and [[Strathkelvin]]
||City of [[Glasgow]], part of [[East Dunbartonshire]] (wards
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|[[Grampian, Highland and Islands]]
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||The counties of [[Renfrewshire|Renfrew]], [[Argyllshire|Argyll]] (without the part comprised in the existing sheriff court district of [[Fort William, Highland|Fort William]]), [[Dunbartonshire|Dunbarton]], [[County of Bute|Bute]] and that part of the [[Ayrshire|county of Ayr]] comprising the sheriff court district of [[Kilmarnock]]
|The districts of [[Argyll and Bute]], [[Dumbarton]], [[Clydebank]], [[Bearsden and Milngavie]], [[Renfrew District|Renfrew]], [[Eastwood, Scotland|Eastwood]], [[Inverclyde]], [[Cunninghame]] and [[Kilmarnock and Loudoun (district)|Kilmarnock and Loudoun]]
||[[Argyll and Bute]], [[North Ayrshire]], [[West Dunbartonshire]], [[Inverclyde]], [[East Renfrewshire]] and [[Renfrewshire]]; part of [[East Ayrshire]] (wards 1-20); and part of [[East Dunbartonshire]] (wards
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|[[Sheriffdom of South Strathclyde, Dumfries and Galloway|South Strathclyde, Dumfries and Galloway]]
||The counties of [[Dumfriesshire|Dumfries]], [[Kirkcudbright]] and [[Wigtownshire|Wigtown]]; that part of the [[Ayrshire|county of Ayr]] comprising the sheriff court district of [[Ayr]]
||The region of [[Dumfries and Galloway]]; the districts of [[Monklands, Scotland|Monklands]], [[Cumbernauld and Kilsyth (district)|Cumbernauld]], [[Hamilton, Scotland|Hamilton]], [[Motherwell, North Lanarkshire|Motherwell]], [[East Kilbride]], [[Kyle and Carrick]] and [[Cumnock and Doon Valley]]
||[[South Ayrshire]], [[Dumfries and Galloway]] and [[North Lanarkshire]]; part of [[East Ayrshire]], (wards
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|[[Tayside, Central and Fife]]
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[[Category:Sheriff courts|*]]
[[Category:Scots law]]
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