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[[Paul Harteck]] was director of the physical chemistry department at the [[University of Hamburg]] and an advisor to the ''[[Heereswaffenamt]]'' (HWA, Army Ordinance Office). On 24 April 1939, along with his teaching assistant [[Wilhelm Groth]], Harteck contacted the ''Reichskriegsministerium'' (RKM, Reich Ministry of War) to alert them to the potential of military applications of nuclear chain reactions. Later in the year, this initiative led to the Second ''Uranverein''. Two days earlier, Joos and Hanle had approached the REM, leading to the First Uranverein.
The industrial firm ''[[Auergesellschaft]]'' had a substantial amount of "waste" [[uranium]] from which it had extracted [[radium]]. After reading a June 1939 paper by [[Siegfried Flügge]], on the technical use of nuclear energy from uranium,<ref>Siegfried Flügge ''Kann der Energieinhalt der Atomkerne technisch nutzbar gemacht werden?'', [[Die Naturwissenschaften]] Volume 27, Issues 23/24, 402–10 (9 June 1939).</ref><ref>Also see: Siegfried Flügge ''Die Ausnutzung der Atomenergie. Vom Laboratoriumsversuch zur Uranmaschine – Forschungsergebnisse in Dahlem'', ''Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung'' No. 387, Supplement (15 August 1939). English translation: Document No. 74 ''Siegfried Flügge: Exploiting Atomic Energy. From the Laboratory Experiment to the Uranium Machine – Research Results in Dahlem [15 August 1939]'' in {{harvnb|Hentschel|Hentschel|1996|pp=197–206}}. [This article is Flügge's popularized version of the June 1939 article in ''Die Naturwissenschaften''.]</ref> [[Nikolaus Riehl]], the head of the scientific headquarters at Auergesellschaft, recognized a business opportunity for the company, and in July he went to the HWA (''Heereswaffenamt'', Army
==Second ''Uranverein''==
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