Fabrizio Ruffo: Difference between revisions

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==Return to the Holy See and role in the Kingdom of Naples==
After the conquest of Naples, Ruffo decided to sent some military companies within the [[Roman Republic (18th century)|Roman Republic]], leaded by the general Gian Battista Rodio. This reperesentedrepresented the first act of invasion of the Repubblican State. After the defeat of the Roman Republic, on August 11, 1800, Ruffo entered in the ''Urbe'' and changed his cardinal diacony with the one of Santa Maria in Cosmedin. In 1801, after having been resigned from the role of general vicarious of the king of Naples, for a short time he covered the role of minister of Naples in Rome and then accepted the government of [[Joseph Bonaparte]] in the Neapolitan territory.
In September 1805, he escaped in [[Amelia, Umbria]], and then he was hoised for a second time by [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies]] and his court in [[Palermo]], who appointed him as ambassador at the Parisian court.
On April 2, 1810, Ruffo was present at his marriage with the duchess [[Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma|Marie Louise of Austria]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rfi.fr/en/general/20160307-napoleon-iii-collection-goes-under-hammer|title=Napoleon III collection goes under the hammer|date=March 7, 2016|access-date=July 10, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.napoleon.org/wp-content/archives/newsletters/1387.html|title=The Bulletin - Exhibition > Pope Pius VII and Napoleon (Chateau de Fontainebleau)}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=July 2021|reason=additional sources are needed}}. After this gesture, he become of the socalled "red cardinals", a restricted circle of high prelates who weren't punished by the French emperor and got the right to continue to publicly profess their religious functions. The emperor instituted a commission with the duty to formulate a [[Papal brief|brief]] indicating the conclusive decrees of the Council of Paris which was held in 1811. It was formed by Ruffo, [[Giuseppe Doria Pamphili]] and Aurelio Roverella. The main objective was to persuade [[Pope Pius VII#Negotiations and exile|Pope Pius VII]], who was jailed in [[Savona]], to counterfirm the act. It was a favour for the French emperor, who decorated him with the Cross of the [[Legion of Honour]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=2UIWAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA58&lpg=PA58|title=A New Guide to the Museum, Palace and Gardens of Versailles.|page=58|publisher=Klefer printer|year= 1847|OCLC=83894485}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|first1=Bartolomeo|last1=Pacca|url=https://books.google.it/books?id=EsY7AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA143&lpg=PA143|title=Historical Memoirs of Cardinal Pacca, Prime Minister to Pius VII|volume=2|publisher=Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans|OCLC= 1007805313|year=1850|pages=142–143}} Quote: "The following morning the Emperor presented to the Cardinal Doria and Ruffo and to Monsignor Bertazzoli each a gold snuffbox, with his picture on the lid set round with large brilliants, appointing at the same time the two first-mentioned personages offices of the Legion oh Honour, and the other a kinight of the Iron Crown".</ref>