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==Significance for deep learning==
On 30 September 2012, a [[convolutional neural network]] (CNN) called [[AlexNet]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last1=Krizhevsky|first1=Alex|last2=Sutskever|first2=Ilya|last3=Hinton|first3=Geoffrey E.|access-date=24 May 2017|title=ImageNet classification with deep convolutional neural networks|url=https://papers.nips.cc/paper/4824-imagenet-classification-with-deep-convolutional-neural-networks.pdf|journal=Communications of the ACM|volume=60|issue=6|date=June 2017|pages=84–90|doi=10.1145/3065386|s2cid=195908774|issn=0001-0782|doi-access=free}}</ref> achieved a top-5 error of 15.3% in the ImageNet 2012 Challenge, more than 10.8 percentage points lower than that of the runner up.
In 2015, AlexNet was outperformed by Microsoft's [[ResNets|very deep CNN]] with over 100 layers, which won the ImageNet 2015 contest.<ref name="microsoft2015">{{cite journal|last1=He|first1=Kaiming|last2=Zhang|first2=Xiangyu|last3=Ren|first3=Shaoqing|last4=Sun|first4=Jian|title=Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition.|journal= 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)|pages=770–778|year=2016|doi=10.1109/CVPR.2016.90|arxiv=1512.03385|isbn=978-1-4673-8851-1|s2cid=206594692}}</ref>
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