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There are two main paths in reforestation, one emerging from economic development and another from forest scarcity.{{sfn|Meyfroidt|Lambin|2011|p=348}} There are many causes of transition, foremost, economic development leads to [[industrialisation]] and [[urbanisation]], pulling the labour force away from the countryside to cities. For example, in Puerto Rico, industrial policies which subsidised manufacturing led to a transition towards urban sector manufacturing and service jobs, leading to land abandonment and forest regrowth.{{sfn|Meyfroidt|Lambin|2011|p=349}} Furthermore, changes in agricultural technology make the most productive areas more agriculturally productive, concentrating agricultural production into those areas.{{sfn|Meyfroidt|Lambin|2011|p=348}} Redistribution of labour resources from areas of low fertility to areas of greater fertility promotes regrowth in the areas experiencing depopulation.{{sfn|Meyfroidt|Lambin|2011|p=348}}
Demand for forest products, especially wood, resulting from earlier deforestation, also creates market incentives to plant
A [[Kuznets curve]] analysis of the problem, where income leads to forest regrowth, has contradictory results, due to the complex interaction of income with a many socioeconomic variables (e.g. democratisation, globalisation, etc.){{sfn|Meyfroidt|Lambin|2011|p=349}} The factors which drive deforestation also control the forest transition, promoting urbanisation, development, changing relative agricultural and urban prices, population density, demand for forest products, land tenure systems, and trade. Transitions involve a combination of socioeconomic feedbacks from forest decline and development.{{sfn|Meyfroidt|Lambin|2011|p=353}}
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