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It was founded on 29 December 1876.<ref>[http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100515670 Society for the Preservation of the Irish Language], ''Concise Oxford Companion to Irish Literature''</ref> Present at the meeting were Charles Dawson, [[High Sheriff of Limerick City|High Sheriff of Limerick]], [[T. D. Sullivan]], editor of ''[[The Nation (Irish newspaper)|The Nation]]''; and Bryan O'Looney.<ref name=Doyle>Aidan Doyle (2015), ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=MI1yCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA165 A History of the Irish Language]'', p. 165</ref> Writing in 1937, [[Douglas Hyde]] also remembers himself, [[George Sigerson]], [[Thomas O'Neill Russell]], J. J. McSweeney of the [[Royal Irish Academy]], and future MP [[James O'Connor (Wicklow politician)|James O'Connor]] as being present.<ref name="Ó Murchú">{{cite book |last1=Ó Murchú |first1=Máirtín |title=Cumann Buan-Choimeádta na Gaeilge: Tús an Athréimnithe |date=2001 |publisher=Cois Life |isbn=1-901176-28-2 |page=7}}</ref> Its patron was [[John MacHale]], Archbishop of Tuam, its first president was [[Lord Francis Conyngham]], and its first vice-presidents included [[Isaac Butt]] and [[Charles Owen O'Conor|The O'Conor Don]].<ref>Brian Ó Cuív, [https://books.google.com/books?id=eiiQDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA399 "Irish Language and Literature, 1845–1921"], in W. E. Vaughan, ''A New History of Ireland: Volume VI: Ireland under the Union, II: 1870-1921'', p. 399</ref>
The membership of the SPIL included [[Protestant Ascendancy]] figures such as [[John Vesey, 4th Viscount de Vesci|Lord de Vesci]] and Colonel W. E. A. Macdonnell. [[Horace Plunkett]] represented the Society at the 1901 Pan-Celtic Congress in Dublin.<ref>''Celtia'', September 1, 1901, p. 137.</ref> It took a conciliatory approach to the British government and civil service in pursuing its aims, in contrast to the later [[Conradh na Gaeilge|Gaelic League]], which was anti-British in character.<ref>Doyle (2015), p. 170</ref>
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