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==Early life and education==
[[File:Sarah Vaughan and Billy Eckstine.jpg|thumb|[[Sarah Vaughan]] and Billy Eckstine at [[Monterey Jazz Festival]] 1981.]]
Eckstine was born in [[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]], United States,<ref name="LarkinGE">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1992|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-939-0|pages=766/7}}</ref> the son of William Eckstein, a chauffeur, and Charlotte Eckstein, a seamstress. Eckstine's paternal grandparents were William F. Eckstein and Nannie Eckstein, a mixed-race, married couple who lived in [[Washington, D.C.]]; both were born in 1863. William was born in Prussia, and Nannie in Virginia.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biography {{!}} Billy Eckstine|url=https://billyeckstine.jazzgiants.net/biography/|access-date=2021-03-16|language=en-US}}</ref> Billy's sister, Maxine, was a high school teacher.<ref>{{
Eckstine attended [[Peabody High School (Pennsylvania)|Peabody High School]] before moving to Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web|title=Billy Eckstine - Pittsburgh Music History|url=https://sites.google.com/site/pittsburghmusichistory/pittsburgh-music-story/jazz/jazz---early-years/billy-eckstine|website=sites.google.com}}</ref> He attended [[Friendship Armstrong Academy|Armstrong High School]], [[Saint Paul's College (Virginia)|St. Paul Normal and Industrial School]], and [[Howard University]].<ref name="bigbandlibrary1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bigbandlibrary.com/billyeckstine.html |title=Billy Eckstine "Mr. B and His Band" |publisher=Big Band Library |access-date=May 25, 2011}}</ref> He left Howard in 1933 after winning first place in an amateur talent contest.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/musician.php?id=6481 |title=Billy Eckstine at All About Jazz |publisher=Allaboutjazz.com |access-date=May 25, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719050003/http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/musician.php?id=6481 |archive-date=July 19, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
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