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'''Abd ar-Rahman II''' ({{Lang-ar|عبد الرحمن الأوسط}}) (792–852) was the fourth ''Umayyad'' [[Emir of Córdoba]] in
He succeeded his father as Emir of [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]] in 822 and engaged in nearly continuous warfare against [[Alfonso II of Asturias]], whose southward advance he halted (822–842). In 825, he had a new city, [[Murcia]], built, and proceeded to settle it with Arab loyalists to ensure stability. In 835, he confronted rebellious citizens of [[Mérida, Spain|Mérida]] by having a large internal fortress built; again in 837, he suppressed a revolt of [[Christians]] and [[Jew]]s in [[Toledo, Spain|Toledo]] via the same measures.<ref>The Inheritance of Rome, Chris Wickham, Penguin Books Ltd. 2009, {{ISBN|978-0-670-02098-0}}. p. 341.</ref> He issued a decree by which the Christians were forbidden to seek martyrdom, and he had a Christian [[synod]] held to forbid martyrdom.
In 839 or 840, he sent an embassy under [[al-Ghazal]] to [[Constantinople]] to sign a pact with the [[Byzantine Empire]] against the [[Abbasids]].<ref name="Ghazal">{{EI2|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_2484|title=al-Ghazāl|page=1038|first=Ambrosio|last=Huici Miranda|volume=2}}</ref>
In 844, Abd ar-Rahman repulsed [[Viking raid on Seville|an assault]] by [[Vikings]] who had disembarked in [[Cádiz]], conquered [[Seville]] (with the exception of its citadel) and attacked Córdoba itself. Thereafter he constructed a fleet and naval arsenal at Seville to repel future raids. He may have sent al-Ghazal on a second embassy to the [[Early Scandinavian Dublin|Vikings in Ireland]] after this.<ref name="Ghazal" />
He responded to [[William of Septimania]]'s requests of assistance in his struggle against [[Charles the Bald]]'s nominations.
[[File:Abderramán II.jpg|thumb|Statue of Abd ar-Rahman II in [[Murcia]], Spain]]Abd ar-Rahman was famous for his public building program in Córdoba where he died in 852. He made additions to the [[Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba]].<ref name="EB" /> A vigorous and effective frontier warrior, he was also well known as a patron of the arts.<ref>{{cite book |author=Thorne, John |title=Chambers biographical dictionary |publisher=Chambers |location=Edinburgh |year=1984 |isbn=0-550-18022-2 }}</ref> He was also involved in the execution of the "[[Martyrs of Córdoba]]",<ref>{{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Abd-ar-Rahman|display=Abd-ar-Rahman s.v. Abd-ar-Rahman II|volume=1|page=31}}</ref> and was a patron of the great composer [[Ziryab]].
==References==
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