Content deleted Content added
→21st century: remove uncited bit about ethnicity, Spanish restaurants, etc. These things change. |
shuffle, copyedit |
||
Line 59:
===20th century===
[[File:Fitzroy Memorial Rotunda.jpg|thumb|right|Fitzroy Memorial Rotunda, built 1925 in honour of Fitzroy
[[File:VictoriaParade Fitzroy.jpg|right|thumb|[[Victoria Parade, Melbourne|Victoria Parade]], Fitzroy, 1935]]
The population of Fitzroy in 1901 was 31,610.<ref>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Fitzroy |volume=10 |page=448}}</ref>
Line 64 ⟶ 65:
Before [[World War I]], Fitzroy was a working-class neighbourhood, with a concentration of political radicals already living there. Post-war immigration into the suburb resulted in the area becoming socially diverse. Many working-class [[Chinese Australians|Chinese immigrants]] settled in Fitzroy due to its proximity to [[Chinatown, Melbourne|Chinatown]]. The establishment of the [[Housing Commission of Victoria]] in 1938 saw swathes of new residences being constructed in Melbourne's outer suburbs. With many of Fitzroy's residents moving to the new accommodation, their places were taken by post-war immigrants, mostly from Italy and Greece and the influx of Italian and Irish immigrants saw a marked shift towards [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholicism]] from Fitzroy's traditional [[Methodism|Methodist]] and [[Presbyterianism| Presbyterian]] roots. The Housing Commission would build two public housing estates in Fitzroy in the 1960s; one in Hanover Street and one at the southern end of Brunswick Street.{{cn|date=August 2022}}
From the 1960s through to the 1980s, the area became a meeting place for [[Aboriginal Australians|Aboriginal people]] who had left [[mission station|missions]], [[Aboriginal reserve]]s, and other government institutions and drifted to the city in a bid to trace their families. The Builders Arms was the only pub which allowed Aboriginal people to drink there. The Aboriginal Health Service opened on [[Gertrude Street]] in 1973 and provided a service largely provided by volunteers,<ref name=dunstan2022>{{cite web | last=Dunstan | first=Joseph | title=Melbourne's Fitzroy hides a past as a hub for the Aboriginal civil rights movement | website=ABC News| publisher= [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | date=31 July 2022 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2022-07-31/melbourne-gertrude-street-fitzroy-aboriginal-indigenous-history/101273562 | access-date=1 August 2022}}</ref> operating as a [[de facto]] community centre there until 1992. A nearby street behind a factory was a meeting and drinking place, known to the community as Charcoal Lane.<ref name=charclane>{{cite web | last=Schaik | first=Johan van | title=Charcoal Lane | website=ArchitectureAU | date=1 March 2010 | url=https://architectureau.com/articles/charcoal-lane/ | access-date=1 August 2022}}</ref> 1992. [[Archie Roach]] tells of his time in Fitzroy hanging out and getting drunk, and of reconnecting with his siblings there, in his autobiography, ''Tell Me Why: The Story of My Life and My Music''.<ref>{{cite book | last=Roach | first=A. | title=Tell Me Why: The Story of My Life and My Music | publisher=Simon & Schuster Australia | date= November 2019 | isbn=978-1-76085-016-6 | url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=fjHCxQEACAAJ | access-date=1 August 2022 | page=}}</ref> His song "[[Charcoal Lane]]" mentions [[Gertrude Street]], [[Brunswick Street, Melbourne|Brunswick Street]], and other locations in Fitzroy and his time wandering the streets there. [[Vika and Linda Bull]] started their careers by singing in various venues around Fitzroy in the 1980s, including the Black Cat Cafe and the Purple Pit.<ref name=vika>{{cite web | title=Vika and Linda on the magic of Fitzroy and Archie Roach | website=[[Double J (radio station)|Double J]] | date=13 November 2020 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/doublej/music-reads/features/vika-and-linda-bull-fitzroy-archie-roach-charcoal-lane-ausmusic/12845072 | access-date=1 August 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/music/my-secret-melbourne--vika-bull-20131031-2wjlj.html | title = My secret Melbourne ... Vika Bull | newspaper = [[The Sydney Morning Herald]] | last = O'Brien | first = Mary | date = 2 November 2013 | access-date = 1 August 2022 }}</ref>
The Fitzroy Magistrates' Court closed on 1 February 1985.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.audit.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/19860901-Special-Report-4-Court-Closures-in-Victoria.pdf | title=Special Report No. 4 – Court Closures in Victoria | publisher=Auditor-General of Victoria | date=1986 |pages=79 | access-date=12 April 2020}}</ref>
Line 78 ⟶ 79:
==Geography==
▲[[File:Fitzroy Memorial Rotunda.jpg|thumb|right|Fitzroy Memorial Rotunda, in honour of Fitzroy residents who died during World War I.]]
Fitzroy's topography is flat. It is laid out in [[grid plan]] and is characterised by a fairly tightly spaced rectangular grid of medium-sized streets, with many of its narrow streets and back lanes facilitating only [[one-way traffic]]. Its built form is a legacy of its early history when a mixture of land uses was allowed to develop close to each other, producing a great diversity of types and scales of building.<ref>"Fitzroy : Melbourne's first suburb / Cutten History Committee of the Fitzroy History Society. Published South Yarra, Vic. : Hyland House, 198 {{ISBN|0-947062-52-1}}"</ref>
Line 217 ⟶ 216:
The Melbourne Chess Club, the oldest chess club in the southern hemisphere (est. 1866).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.melbournechessclub.org/|title=Melbourne Chess Club|website=Melbournechessclub.org|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theage.com.au/national/victoria/battle-of-the-titans-kicks-off-the-melbourne-chess-clubs-150th-year-20160102-gly5ml.html|title=Battle of the titans kicks off the Melbourne Chess Club's 150th year|first=Patrick|last=Hatch|date=2 January 2016|website=The Age|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref>
==In popular culture==▼
[[File:Fitzroy Pool.jpg|thumb|upright|The heritage-listed "Aqua Profonda" sign made famous in [[Helen Garner]]'s 1977 novel ''[[Monkey Grip (novel)|Monkey Grip]]''.]]▼
The 1977 cult classic novel ''[[Monkey Grip (novel)|Monkey Grip]]'' by [[Helen Garner]] took place mostly in Fitzroy and Carlton. Many of the central characters frequent the Fitzroy local swimming pool in the summer, referred to as the "Fitzroy baths", and the heritage-listed "Aqua Profonda" sign at the deep end of the pool is the title of the novel's first chapter, used as a metaphor for the central character's deeply troubled romantic relationship with a man. The inclusion of the sign and the pool itself gave it some degree of iconic status–its use in the novel was even mentioned in the statement of significance for the sign's heritage listing in 2004.<ref>{{cite web|title="Aqua Profonda" sign, Fitzroy Pool|work=Victorian Heritage Database|access-date=11 December 2017|url=http://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/4742}}</ref>▼
The 2010 Australian television show ''[[Offspring (TV series)|Offspring]]'' was set almost entirely in Fitzroy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/entertainment/a/-/entertainment/7730782/offspring-in-the-air-/|title=au.news.yahoo.com|website=Au.news.yahoo.com|access-date=26 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718133920/http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/entertainment/a/-/entertainment/7730782/offspring-in-the-air-/|archive-date=18 July 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The main characters of the show were often seen at the Black Cat, a Brunswick Street bar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ten.com.au/offspring-offspring-photos-episode-2.htm|title=tenplay|first=Network|last=Ten|website=TenPlay – tenplay|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref> Fitzroy has also featured in episodes of a number of Australian TV shows, including ''[[City Homicide]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.savanahdesign.com.au/blog/?p=669|title=Murder at Savanah Design – Design in the mind|website=Savanahdesign.com.au|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref> and ''[[Rush (series 3)|Rush]]'' (notably in Season 3, where the team shot at Fitzroy Town Hall to commemorate the death of a former colleague).▼
The movie series and television series, [[Jack Irish]], is filmed in Fitzroy. Based on the Peter Temple novels, it features many Fitzroy cultural icons.▼
[[Birds of Tokyo]] in their song "Good Lord" reference drinking in Fitzroy pubs.▼
==Social and community services==
Line 252 ⟶ 239:
The St Vincents Plaza tram interchange, in adjacent [[East Melbourne, Victoria|East Melbourne]], is at the junction of Victoria Parade and Brunswick Street and handles tram routes [[Melbourne tram route 24|24]], [[Melbourne tram route 30|30]], 86, [[Melbourne tram route 109|109]] and 11.
[[File:Critical Mass Melbourne - Brunswick St.JPG|thumb|right|[[Critical Mass (cycling)|Critical Mass]] Melbourne at Brunswick Street]]
Cycling is a very popular form of transport in Fitzroy, as with much of the City of Yarra. A station for the Melbourne Bicycle Share scheme is located near the St Vincents Plaza tram interchange.
The City of Yarra also supports a [[car sharing]] service, which has several locations in Fitzroy.
▲==In popular culture==
▲[[File:Fitzroy Pool.jpg|thumb|upright|The heritage-listed "Aqua Profonda" sign made famous in [[Helen Garner]]'s 1977 novel ''[[Monkey Grip (novel)|Monkey Grip]]''.]]
▲The 1977 cult classic novel ''[[Monkey Grip (novel)|Monkey Grip]]'' by [[Helen Garner]] took place mostly in Fitzroy and Carlton. Many of the central characters frequent the Fitzroy local swimming pool in the summer, referred to as the "Fitzroy baths", and the heritage-listed "Aqua Profonda" sign at the deep end of the pool is the title of the novel's first chapter, used as a metaphor for the central character's deeply troubled romantic relationship with a man. The inclusion of the sign and the pool itself gave it some degree of iconic status–its use in the novel was even mentioned in the statement of significance for the sign's heritage listing in 2004.<ref>{{cite web|title="Aqua Profonda" sign, Fitzroy Pool|work=Victorian Heritage Database|access-date=11 December 2017|url=http://vhd.heritagecouncil.vic.gov.au/places/4742}}</ref>
▲The 2010 Australian television show ''[[Offspring (TV series)|Offspring]]'' was set almost entirely in Fitzroy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/entertainment/a/-/entertainment/7730782/offspring-in-the-air-/|title=au.news.yahoo.com|website=Au.news.yahoo.com|access-date=26 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718133920/http://au.news.yahoo.com/thewest/entertainment/a/-/entertainment/7730782/offspring-in-the-air-/|archive-date=18 July 2011|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The main characters of the show were often seen at the Black Cat, a Brunswick Street bar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ten.com.au/offspring-offspring-photos-episode-2.htm|title=tenplay|first=Network|last=Ten|website=TenPlay – tenplay|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref> Fitzroy has also featured in episodes of a number of Australian TV shows, including ''[[City Homicide]]''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.savanahdesign.com.au/blog/?p=669|title=Murder at Savanah Design – Design in the mind|website=Savanahdesign.com.au|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref> and ''[[Rush (series 3)|Rush]]'' (notably in Season 3, where the team shot at Fitzroy Town Hall to commemorate the death of a former colleague).{{cn|date=August 20222}}
▲The movie series and television series, [[Jack Irish]], is filmed in Fitzroy. Based on the [[Peter Temple]] novels, it features many Fitzroy cultural icons.{{cn|date=August 20222}}
Australian and American musicians have made mention of Fitzroy in their lyrics, including:<!---it would be useful to date the others and order chron.-->
* [[Archie Roach]], in "[[Charcoal Lane]]" (1990), which mentions [[Gertrude Street]], [[Brunswick Street, Melbourne|Brunswick Street]], and other locations in Fitzroy<ref name=vika/>
*[[Clare Bowditch]], in the song "Divorcee by 23"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.songmeanings.net/songs/view/3530822107858620615/|title=Clare Bowditch and the Feeding Set – Divorcee by 23 Lyrics – SongMeanings|website=SongMeanings|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref>
*Musical comedian [[The Bedroom Philosopher]], in the song "Northcote (So Hungover)".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bedroomphilosopher.com/2010/03/18/northcote-so-hungover-lyrics/|title=Northcote (So Hungover) lyrics. – The Bedroom Philosopher|website=Bedroomphilosopher.com|date=18 March 2010|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref>
*American rapper [[Tyler, The Creator]], in his song "Slater", which mentions skating to Fitzroy<ref>{{cite web|url=https://genius.com/Tyler-the-creator-slater-lyrics/|title=Tyler, The Creator (Ft. Frank Ocean) – Slater|website=Genius.com|access-date=26 August 2018}}</ref>
*[[Dan Sultan]]'s song "Old Fitzroy", the black and white video for which is shot entirely in Fitzroy, featuring shots of and from Atherton Gardens, as well as shots of a number of Fitzroy pubs<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=64uRvg86uXU |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/64uRvg86uXU |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|title=Dan Sultan – Old Fitzroy|last=Metropolitan Groove Merchants|date=30 August 2010|access-date=26 August 2018|publisher=[[YouTube]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
*[[The Distillers]]' song "Young Crazed Peeling", in which [[Brody Dalle]] sings about growing up in Fitzroy{{cn|date=August 20222}}
▲*[[Birds of Tokyo]], in their song "Good Lord" reference drinking in Fitzroy pubs.{{cn|date=August 20222}}
==Notable people==
| |||