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The only known written sources on the Yem-Novgorodian wars are contained in the [[medieval Russian chronicles]]. The Novgorodians and ''Yem'' had frequent conflicts from the 11th or 12th century onwards. The eastern Finnic [[Votians|Votes]], ''Korela'' (interpreted as [[Karelians]] in general or more specifically as the Karelians on the southwest coast of the Ladoga) and [[Izhorians]] are all mentioned as allies of Novgorod, said to have been fighting against the Yem even without Novgorod's direct involvement, possibly over control of land area in central and eastern Finland; this territorial feud manifested in annual retaliatory expeditions that featured merciless treatment of the settlers of the opposing tribe.
The earliest possible mention of hostilities is from the [[Laurentian Codex]] which records in passing that the Novgorodian Prince [[Vladimir of Novgorod|Vladimir Yaroslavich]] was at war with the "Yam" in 1042 AD.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://193.184.161.234/DF/detail.php?id=12 |title=Laurentian Codex entry about a Yam war in 1042 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927051307/http://193.184.161.234/DF/detail.php?id=12 |archive-date=2007-09-27 }}. In Swedish. Hosted by the [http://www.narc.fi National Archive of Finland]. See {{cite web |url=http://www.narc.fi/Arkistolaitos/sahkoiset/ |title=
Conflicts certainly began in the early 12th century, however information on them remains very scarce.
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Korela accompanied Novgorodians for yet another attack against the Yem in 1191. This time the fighting is clearly said to have taken place "the land of the Yem", the first such entry in Russian chronicles. The assailants "burned the country and killed the cattle".<ref>Novgorod First Chronicle entries about the war, {{cite web|url=http://193.184.161.234/DF/detail.php?id=37|title=1191|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927050554/http://193.184.161.234/DF/detail.php?id=37|archive-date=2007-09-27}}. In Swedish.</ref> Very hypothetically this may have been the same attack that was mentioned in a much later Swedish chronicle, the mid-16th century ''Chronicon episcoporum Finlandensium'' by Bishop [[Paulus Juusten]], that records the Novgorodians burning "[[Turku]]" in 1198, at the time of [[Bishop Folquinus]].<ref>The chronicle has been published in Finnish, see e.g. Suomen piispainkronikka. Suomalaisen kirjallisuuden seuran toimituksia 476. Pieksämäki 1988.</ref> Russian chronicles have no information about a conflict that year. The town of Turku did not exist before the end of the 13th century.
Turku, the name, originally means "market place". The modern term 'suomen Turku' (Finland's Turku), is believed to be an old term indicating that there originally several 'Turkus' in other parts of the country.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.katajala.net/keskiaika/suomi/kaupungit.html | title=Keskiaika - Suomen kaupungit keskiajalla }}</ref>
After this, there is no information on further Novgorodian conflicts for several decades. It is also impossible to confirm whether the 1191 war resulted in a brief Novgorodian rule in parts of Finland or Karelia. However, a later chronicle entry from the mid-1220s said that Novgorodian princes had not been able to dwell in the land of Yem.<ref name=attack_1226/>
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