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===Pre-colonial period===
Monagas dates back to the settlement of the territory by indigenous people of different ethnic groups hundreds of years ago, among which are the [[Warao people|Warao]] and [[Kalina people|Kalina]] people, who mainly settled in the [[Orinoco Delta]], and the {{Ill|Chaima people|es|Chaima|ca|Chaima}} people in the north of the state. The first aboriginal people to found a presence in the northern part of the region were the Chaima people belonging to the Capaya tribe
Although settlement of the territory was slow, archaeological excavations and observations by the chroniclers of the Indies point to the existence of a well-developed village in Barrancas in 1530, when the [[conquistador]] [[Diego de Ordaz]] passed through the area in search of [[El Dorado]]. Also in the 16th century, missionaries arrived in the highlands and slowly the [[Christianization|Christianisation]] and re-education of the Indians spread to the south; they thus adapted to a more sedentary life.
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Diego de Ordaz, a Spanish explorer obsessed with finding the legendary site of El Dorado, arrived in the village in August 1531 after traveling up the Orinoco River via the [[Caño Manamo]]. Impressed by its number of inhabitants – which he estimated at "more than 400 {{Lang|es|bohíos}}" ('huts') – he decided to go down and meet personally with the [[cacique]] Naricagua, lord of his territories, whose name of the river Uyapari was associated with the village. The chronicler [[Juan de Castellanos]], in his ''[[Elegías de varones ilustres de Indias]]'' ('''Elegies of Illustrious Men of the Indies''<nowiki/>'), describes it as "a powerful town of great people that on the ravines was placed the Cacique of Uyapari lordship".{{citation needed|date=January 2020}}
On 20 April 1731, the Aragonese friar Antonio de Blesa founded Santo Domingo de Guzmán de Caycuar; the area was inhabited by Chaima people and outcasts when the Capuchin missionaries arrived. The settlement would later be called [[Caicara de Maturín]].
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A Catholic mission of Chaima Indians with the Capuchin missionary Pedro de Gelsa founded the San Miguel Arcangel de Caripe settlement on 12 October 1734, which would later become [[Caripe]].
Maturín was founded on 7 December 1760
The territory where [[Aguasay Municipality, Monagas|Aguasay]] is now located was founded in 1769 by Friar Manuel de La Mata.
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===19th and 20th centuries===
In 1856, the Province of Maturín was created, separated from that of [[Cumaná Province|Cumaná]]. By 1864 the State of Maturín was ratified. But in 1879, Monagas was annexed to the {{Ill|Oriente (Venezuela)|lt=State of Oriente|es|Estado de Oriente}} and, from 1891 to 1898, it belonged to the {{Ill|Bermúdez (Venezuela)|lt=State of Bermúdez|es|Estado Bermúdez}}.
In 1904, Maturín became the capital of the Monagas district of Bermúdez State, whose capital was Cumaná. For a long time, Monagas was an extremely poor state. During the 16th and 17th centuries, the people of the plains and swamps north of the Orinoco, under the rule of the Caribs, made alliances with the French and Dutch as a policy of tenacious resistance against Spanish domination. On ancient maps these lands are called Caribana, kingdom of the Caribs.
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