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[[STS-103]] {{OV|103}} (December 19–27, 1999) was an eight-day mission during which the crew successfully installed new [[gyroscope]]s and scientific instruments and upgraded systems on the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] (HST). Enhancing HST scientific capabilities required three spacewalks (EVA). Grunsfeld performed two spacewalks totaling 16 hours and 23 minutes. The STS-103 mission was accomplished in 120 Earth orbits, traveling 3.2 million miles in 191 hours and 11 minutes.
[[STS-109]] {{OV|102}} (March 1–12, 2002) was the fourth Hubble Space Telescope (HST) servicing mission. The crew of STS-109 successfully upgraded the Hubble Space Telescope installing a new [[digital camera]], a cooling system for the [[infrared camera]], new [[Photovoltaic module|solar array]]s and a new power system. HST servicing and upgrades were accomplished by four crewmembers during a total of five EVAs in five consecutive days. Grunsfeld served as the
[[STS-125]] {{OV|104}} (May 11–24, 2009) was the fifth and final servicing mission to the Hubble Space Telescope. ''Atlantis'' launched from [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|Kennedy Space Center Launch Pad 39A]] May 11, 2009 at 2:01 p.m. EDT, and landed on May 24, 2009 at California's [[Edwards Air Force Base]].<ref name="SR1">{{cite web| url = http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/news/STS-125-01.html | title = STS-125 MCC Status Report #01 | access-date = May 11, 2009 | publisher = NASA | date = May 11, 2009 | author = NASA}}</ref><ref name="cnetlanding">{{cite web|url=http://news.cnet.com/space-shot/?keyword=Hubble+Space+Telescope|title=Shuttle Atlantis glides to smooth California landing|access-date =May 26, 2009|publisher=CNET|date=May 24, 2009|author=William Harwood}}</ref> During the mission, Grunsfeld performed three of the mission's five back-to-back spacewalks, which installed two new instruments to the Hubble Space Telescope: The [[Cosmic Origins Spectrograph]], and the [[Wide Field Camera 3]]. The mission also replaced a [[Fine Guidance Sensor]], six new [[gyroscope]]s, and two [[battery (electricity)|battery]] unit modules, to allow the telescope to continue to function at least through 2014.<ref name="SAOverview">{{cite web|url=http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=hubble-servicing-mission-shuttle|title=Last Dance with the Shuttle: What's in Store for the Final Hubble Servicing Mission|author=John Matson|date=May 8, 2009|publisher=Scientific American|access-date=May 18, 2009}}</ref><ref name="EVA4NYT">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/19/science/space/19hubble.html|title=As Tasks at Hubble End, No Tears, but It Was Close|author=Dennis Overbye|author1-link=Dennis_Overbye|date=May 18, 2009|work=New York Times|access-date=May 18, 2009}}</ref> One issue Grunsfeld and his crew experienced during the overhaul was the stripping of 10mm bolts due to improper assembly and technique which he discussed again on [[Car Talk]].
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