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'''[[Australia]]''' legally has no [[official language]]. However, [[English language|English]] is by far the [[common language|most commonly spoken]] and has been entrenched as the ''[[de facto]]'' [[national language]] since [[History of Australia (1788–1850)|European settlement]].<ref name="language">{{cite web|url=https://www.dss.gov.au/our-responsibilities/settlement-and-multicultural-affairs/programs-policy/a-multicultural-australia/programs-and-publications/1995-global-cultural-diversity-conference-proceedings-sydney/culture-education-and-language/pluralist-nations-pluralist-language |title=Pluralist Nations: Pluralist Language Policies? |work=1995 Global Cultural Diversity Conference Proceedings, Sydney |publisher=[[Department of Social Services (Australia)|Department of Social Services]] |access-date=10 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220020910/http://www.immi.gov.au/media/publications/multicultural/confer/04/speech18b.htm |archive-date=20 December 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }} "English has no de jure status but it is so entrenched as the common language that it is de facto the official language as well as the national language."</ref> [[Australian English]] is a major variety of the English language with a distinctive [[pronunciation]] and [[lexicon]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nma.gov.au/libraries/attachments/exhibitions/vocabulary_of_australian_english/files/5471/Vocabulary%20of%20Australian%20English.pdf |title=The Vocabulary Of Australian English |last=Moore |first=Bruce |publisher=National Museum of Australia |access-date=5 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320004658/http://www.nma.gov.au/libraries/attachments/exhibitions/vocabulary_of_australian_english/files/5471/Vocabulary%20of%20Australian%20English.pdf |archive-date=20 March 2011 }}</ref> and differs slightly from other [[varieties of English]] in [[grammar]] and [[spelling]].<ref name="Fourth Edition 2005">"The Macquarie Dictionary", Fourth Edition. The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd, 2005.</ref> [[General Australian|General]]
According to the [[2021 Australian census|2021 census]], English is the only language spoken in the home for 72% of the population. The ten next most common languages spoken at home are:<ref>{{cite web | url=https://profile.id.com.au/australia/language | title=Language spoken at home | Australia | Community profile }}</ref> [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]] (2.7%), [[Arabic language|Arabic]] (1.4%), [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]] (1.3%), [[Cantonese]] (1.2%), [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (0.9%), [[Greek language|Greek]] (0.9%), [[Italian language|Italian]] (0.9%), [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] (0.9%), [[Hindi]] (0.8%) and [[Spanish language|Spanish]] (0.7%). A considerable proportion of [[first-generation immigrant|first-]] and [[immigrant generations#Second generation|second-generation]] [[immigrant]]s are [[bilingual]] or even [[multilingual]].
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