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She was born in [[Babinovichi]], near the city of [[Lyubavichi, Rudnyansky District, Smolensk Oblast|Lubavitch]] on Shabbat, the 25th of [[Adar]] of the year 5661 (March 16, 1901 ([[New Style|NS]]); March 3, 1901 ([[Old Style|OS]])). At the request of her grandfather, [[Sholom Dovber Schneersohn]], she was named Chaya Mushka after her great great grandmother, the wife of [[Menachem Mendel Schneersohn]].<ref>[http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/110746/jewish/Birth.htm Birth – Jewish History] – Chabad.org</ref> She lived in Lubavitch until the autumn of 1915 when due to World War I, she and her family fled to [[Rostov-on-Don|Rostov]]. In 1920, on the death of her grandfather, the fifth Lubavitcher rebbe, [[Sholom Dovber Schneersohn]], her father became the sixth rebbe of Lubavitch.
In May 1924, she moved with her family to [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]], where her father was forced to go after several years of being singled out for persecution by the local [[Evsektsiia|Jewish section of the Communist Party]] in Rostov.<ref>https://yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Rostov-on-Don "With the establishment of Soviet authority, the local Evsektsiia in the 1920s promoted the closure of Jewish institutions; it also persecuted Zionist and religious leaders, above all, Yosef Yitsḥak Shneerson. The Tomkhe Temimim yeshiva, initially closed in 1921, survived clandestinely until May 1924, when Yosef Yitsḥak was compelled to move to Leningrad."</ref> In the autumn of 1927, her father was imprisoned for disseminating [[Torah observance]], and she participated in successful efforts to have him released. His sentence was commuted to exile,<ref>Encyclopedia of Hasidism, entry: Schneersohn, Joseph Isaac. Naftali Lowenthal. Aronson, London 1996. {{ISBN|1-56821-123-6}}</ref> and Chaya Mushka accompanied her father to [[Kostroma]].<ref>[http://crownheights.info/chabad-news/35066/ami-magazine-features-spread-on-the-rebbetzin/ Ami Magazine Features Spread on the Rebbetzin] – CrownHeights.info</ref> After his release, the Schneersohn family left the Soviet Union and moved to [[Riga]], Latvia<!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance -->.
=== Marriage ===
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