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==Interwar period==
After the [[First Armistice at Compiègne|capitulation of the German Empire]], Mattenklott was retained in the [[Reichswehr|Reichsheer]] of the [[Weimar Republic]].{{sfn|Reichswehr Ministry|1927|p=16}} He continued to rise in the ranks of the ''Reichswehr'', being promoted to ''[[Major (Germany)|Major]]'' in 1928. His next position was that of an instructor at the Infantry School in [[Dresden]]. In 1932, he rose to the rank of ''[[Oberstleutnant]]''.{{sfn|Keilig|1956|p=212}}
[[Adolf Hitler]]'s rise to power in 1933 marked the end of the [[Weimar Republic]]. The following years, disregarding the confining Versailles Treaty, the Nazi regime intensified the German re-armament (''Aufrüstung'') and increased the size of the military. As part of this process, Mattenklott received the command of the newly formed Infantry Regiment ''Stargard'' on 1 October 1934 and he was promoted to ''[[Oberst]]'' (Colonel) on the same day.{{sfn|Keilig|1956|p=212}}
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