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| group = Italian Australians
| native_name = {{native name|it|Italo-australiani}}
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| population = '''1,108,364''' (by ancestry, [[2021 Australian census|2021]])<ref name="abs.gov.au">https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/community-profiles/2021/AUS/download/GCP_AUS.xlsx {{Bare URL spreadsheet|date=August 2022}}</ref><br /> ('''4.4%''' of the [[Australian population]])<ref name="abs.gov.au">https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/community-profiles/2021/AUS/download/GCP_AUS.xlsx {{Bare URL spreadsheet|date=August 2022}}</ref> <br />
'''171,520''' (by birth, [[2021 Australian census|2021]])<ref name="abs.gov.au">https://www.abs.gov.au/census/find-census-data/community-profiles/2021/AUS/download/GCP_AUS.xlsx {{Bare URL spreadsheet|date=August 2022}}</ref>
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Through the 1840s and 1850s, the number of Italian migrants of peasant background who came for economic reasons increased. Nevertheless, they did not come from the landless, poverty-stricken agricultural working class but from rural families with at least sufficient means to pay their fare to Australia. Rando reports that a group of artisans skilled in [[terrazzo]] work "apparently" settled in Melbourne, and [[stonemasonry|stonemasons]] from [[Lombardy]] arrived to build an Italian-style village at [[Hunters Hill]] near Sydney.{{Citation needed|date=July 2008}}<!--don't know which Rando article is a source for this--> Furthermore, in the late 1850s, some 2,000 [[Swiss Italians of Australia]] from Northern Italy migrated to the Victorian goldfields.
▲[[File:New Italy NSW.JPG|thumb|300px|Memorial in [[New Italy, New South Wales|New Italy]] (list of family names)]]
The number of Italians who arrived in Australia remained small during the whole of the nineteenth century. The voyage was costly and complex, as no direct shipping link existed between the two countries until the late 1890s. The length of the voyage was over two months before the opening of the Suez Canal. Italian migrants who intended to leave for Australia had to use German shipping lines that called at the ports of [[Genoa]] and Naples no more than once a month. Therefore, other overseas destinations such as the United States and the Latin American countries proved much more attractive, thus allowing the establishment of migration patterns more quickly and drawing far greater numbers.
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