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In the [[Book of John]] in the [[New Testament]], in his discussion with the [[Samaritan woman at the well]], [[Jesus]] reveals his feeling about worshipping in either Mount Gerizim (as the Samaritans did) or Jerusalem (as then did by the Jews):{{blockquote|Jesus said to her, "Woman, believe me, the hour is coming when you will worship the Father neither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem. You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know, for salvation is from the Jews. But the hour is coming, and is now here, when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for the Father seeks such as these to worship him. God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth."|{{bibleref2|John|4:21–24}} }}
Eventually, when [[Christianity]] became the [[state church of the Roman Empire]], Samaritans were barred from worshiping on Mount Gerizim. In 475 CE a Christian [[Church (building)|church]] was built on its summit.<ref name=Cheyne>Cheyne and Black, ''[[Encyclopedia Biblica]]''</ref>{{dubious|reason=Was there a church there a decade before Zeno's, or is this just a mistake?|date=September 2023}} In 484, during the reign of Emperor [[Zeno]], an octagonal, [[martyrium]]-type church dedicated to the [[Theotokos]], the God-bearing Virgin Mary, was erected at the site.<ref>[https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5706/ Mount Gerizim and the Samaritans]. Submission for admission as UNESCO World Heritage site presented by the [[State of Palestine]], 2 April 2012. Accessed 19 September 2023.</ref> In 529, [[Justinian I]] made [[Samaritanism]] illegal, and arranged for a protective wall to be constructed around the church.<ref name=JewishEncyclopedia /><ref name=Cheyne/> As a result, the same year, [[Julianus ben Sabar]] led a pro-Samaritan revolt, and by 530 had captured most of [[Samaria]], destroying churches and killing the priests and officials. However, in 531, after Justinian enlisted the help of [[Ghassanids]], the revolt was completely quashed, and surviving Samaritans were mostly enslaved or exiled. In 533 Justinian had a castle constructed on Mount Gerizim to protect the church from raids by the few disgruntled Samaritans left in the area.<ref name=JewishEncyclopedia /><ref name=Cheyne/>
==Archaeology==
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