Adtranz: Difference between revisions

| revenue = [[Deutsche Mark|DM]]5.7 billion (1996)<ref>DaimlerBenz Annual Report 1996, p. 29</ref><br />DM6.4 billion (1997)<ref name="d1997">DaimlerBenz Annual Report 1997, pp.39-40 39–40</ref><br />{{nowrap|€3.3 billion (DM6.5 billion) (1998)<ref name="d1998">DaimlerChrysler Annual Report 1998, p.47</ref>}}<br />€3.6 billion (1999)<ref>DaimlerChrysler Annual Report 1999, p. 49</ref><br />

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On 8 May 1995, ABB and Daimler-Benz proposed a merger of their rail industry related activities into a single autonomous 50:50 joint venture; the combined group would be the largest rail-technology company in the world.<ref>Commission Decision of 18 October 1995 .. Case No. IV/M.580 – ABB/Daimler-Benz, ppp. 1, p.12 (section 44)</ref> In Germany the combined company, along with [[Siemens]] would have a [[duopoly]] or near-duopoly in the market areas of electric locomotives, mainline and regional electric and diesel multiple units, trams and metros, and catenary systems.<ref>Commission Decision of 18 October 1995 .. Case No. IV/M.580 – ABB/Daimler-Benz, pp.13-16 13–16 (sections 50-6450–64)</ref> In the EU, outside Germany, the merger would have meant no significant market share increase, including Scandinavia, where ABB had a dominant market share.<ref>Commission Decision of 18 October 1995 .. Case No. IV/M.580 – ABB/Daimler-Benz, p. 12 (section 46), p. 13 (section 49)</ref> The proposed merger was approved by government regulators on 18 October 1995, on the condition that both companies divest themselves of any shares in [[Kiepe]], a traction components company.{{refn|And other conditions relating to the company's influence and decisions regarding the Kiepe company until such time as the company's shares were sold.<ref name="kend" />|group="note"}}<ref name="kend">Commission Decision of 18 October 1995 .. Case No. IV/M.580 – ABB/Daimler-Benz, p. 1 (sections 2-32–3), pp.38-39 38–39</ref> The merger came into force on 1 January 1996.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adtranz in brief |url=http://www.adtranz.com/brief/brief.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961228231044/http://www.adtranz.com/brief/brief.htm |archive-date=28 December 1996 |quote=The international railway group Adtranz is the world's most complete provider of railway systems. The group was legally formed on January 1, 1996, by merging the respective railway activities of Swiss-Swedish electrical engineering group ABB, Zurich, Switzerland, and Daimler-Benz AG, Stuttgart, Germany.}}</ref>

The company's manufacturing facilities and product lines were rationalised, including a standard form of car body; after 18 months manufacturing costs had been reduced by 30%,<ref name="ech" /> revenues and orders also rose from 1996 to 1997.<ref name="d1997" /> However the company continued to lose money, $111 million in 1997.<ref name="ech" /> Polish manufacturer [[Pafawag]] was acquired in 1997 and the facility modernised,<ref name="d1997" /> controlling interests in ''MÁV Dunakeszi'',<ref group="note">See also [[:hu:Bombardier MÁV Kft.|Bombardier MÁV Kft.]] (in Hungarian)</ref> Hungary and ''Schindler Waggon'' Switzerland were also acquired by the end of 1997.<ref name="d1997" />[[File:Refurbished Endeavour Maitland.jpg|thumb|[[New South Wales Endeavour railcar]] manufactured by Adtranz]]In March 1998 Adtranz presented a set of new product brands for modular product platforms, with designs that can be adapted for the specific requirements of different customers: the ''[[Adtranz Innovia|Innovia]]'' guided transport vehicle, the ''[[Incentro]]'' low floor tram, the ''[[Itino]]'' diesel multiple unit, the ''Crusaris'' medium-high speed train (based on the [[GMB Class 71]] ''flytoget'' trains), and the ''[[Bombardier TRAXX|Octeon]]'' electric locomotive.<ref group="note">Derived from the [[DBAG Class 145 and 146|DBAG Class 145]] locomotives. ''See also section:'' [[TRAXX#DBAG Class 145 family, Adtranz Octeon platform|DBAG Class 145 family, Adtranz Octeon platform]] in [[TRAXX]]</ref> A new diesel locomotive design with engine and electrical traction system provided by [[General Electric]] was introduced, named "[[Blue Tiger (locomotive)|Blue Tiger]]".<ref>{{Cite press release |title=ADTRANZAdranz RAILWAYRailway CONFERENCEConference = '98' INIn OSLOOslo – UNIVERSALUniversal RAILRail INNOVATIONInnovation |date=16 March 1998 |publisher=Adtranz, via PR Newswire |url=http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?id=10291 |work=www.prnewswire.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=April 1998 |title=Adtranz: restructuring based on seven product lines |url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/564167/adtranz-restructuring-based-seven-product-lines |url-status=dead |journal=Railway Age |volume=199 |issue=4 |page=38 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213245/http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/564167/adtranz-restructuring-based-seven-product-lines |archive-date=2014-07-14}} <!/ref> Adtranz intended to consolidate its product range around these families once on-going deliveries are finished.<ref name="Octeon">{{Cite web |date=April 1998 |title=Adtranz unveils modular range |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/nc/news/single-view/view/adtranz-unveils-modular-range.html |publisher=Railway Gazette International}}</ref>

Adtranz finally achieved profitability in 2000, as DaimlerChrysler prepared to sell off Adtranz.<ref name="c2000" /> [[The Greenbrier Companies]] acquired the freight wagon manufacturing business in January 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 January 2000 |title=Greenbrier to Acquire Adtranz Freight Wagon Division in Siegen, Germany |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-58520853.html |website=www.highbeam.com |publisher=PR Newswire}}{{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=24 January 2000 |title=GREENBRIERGreenbrier COMPLETESCompletes ACQUISITIONAcquisition OFof ADTRANZFreight FREIGHTWagon WAGON DIVISIONDivision |url=http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?id=52316 |website=www.highbeam.com |publisher=PR Newswire}}</ref> The overhead electrification systems installations business was sold to [[Balfour Beatty]] in late 2000 for €153 million.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=November 2000 |title=Balfour Beatty Buys Adtranz Division |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-67316110.html |url-status=dead |journal=[[International Railway Journal]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924162127/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-67316110.html |archive-date=2015-09-24}}<!-- http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BQQ/is_11_40/ai_67316110/ --></ref> No buyer was found for the railway signalling division.<ref name="ech" />

The remaining assets of Adtranz were sold to [[Bombardier Inc.|Bombardier]], in a $711 million deal announced in August 2000, a price considered to be low by industry analysts.{{refn|The price would be subject to the acquired company entering profitability in the following year – if not the sale price would be reduced.<ref name="sa1" />|group="note"}}<ref name="sa1">{{Cite journal |date=September 2000 |title=Bombardier gets Adtranz for a "bargain" |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-65805853.html |url-status=dead |journal=Railway Age |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150329112308/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-65805853.html |archive-date=2015-03-29}}<!-- http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1215/is_9_201/ai_65805853/ --></ref><ref>"Bombardier agrees to buy Adtranz" ''[[Railway Gazette International]]'' September 2000 page 601</ref> The sale was cleared by the European Union in April 2001 on the condition that Bombardier would license or sell the Adtranz regional train and tram products to [[Stadler Rail]] in the German market, due to the large market share of Bombardier and Adtranz in the country. The deal would make Stadler a viable independent company providing competition to Bombardier.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Commission clears takeover of ADtranz by Bombardier, subject to commitments. |date=3 April 2001 |publisher=[[Europa (web portal)]] |url=http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/01/501 |work=europa.eu}}</ref> The takeover came into legal effect on 1 May 2001 with a final price of $725 million and ADtranz was folded into the [[Bombardier Transportation]] division.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 April 2001 |title=Bombardier's Acquisition of Adtranz Now Completed |url=http://www.allbusiness.com/company-activities-management/company-structures-ownership/6066861-1.html |website=www.allbusiness.com |publisher=Business Wire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=4 August 2000 |title=DaimlerChrysler sells train division |url=http://cdnedge.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/866002.stm |website=cdnedge.bbc.co.uk |publisher=[[BBC News]]}}</ref>

* [[Madrid Metro|Metro Madrid]] 6000 units (With CAF, [[Alstom]] and [[Siemens]])

* [[Athens Metro]] [[Athens Metro Line 1|Line 1]] 11th Generation Units (With [[Siemens Mobility|Siemens]] and [[Hellenic Shipyards S.A.|Hellinic Shipyards S.A.]])

* CAF/Alstom/Siemens 447 commuter units of [[Renfe Operadora|Renfe]]

* [[Kalmar Verkstad]] (Sweden)

* [[Strømmens Værksted]] (Norway)

* [[Tecnomasio|ABB Tecnomasio]]

* [[Henschel-Werke]]

* [[Commonwealth Engineering]] ([[Dandenong]], Australia)

* [[LEW Hennigsdorf|AEG Schienenfahrzeuge]] in [[Hennigsdorf]] (Germany)

* [[Derby Litchurch Lane Works]], [[British Rail Engineering Limited]] (UK)

* [[Sorefame]] (Portugal).

* [[Westinghouse Electric (1886)|Westinghouse Transportation]] (Pittsburgh, PA, USAUS) – via AEG acquisition 1988

* {{Cite web |date=18 October 1995 |title=Commission Decision of 18 October 1995 on the compatibility of a concentration with the common market and with the operation of the EEA Agreement in a proceeding pursuant to Council Regulation (EEC) No 4064/89 (Case No IV/M.580 – ABB/Daimler-Benz) |url=http://ec.europa.eu/competition/mergers/cases/decisions/m580_19951018_600_en.pdf |website=ec.europa.eu}}

** ''Note:'' only German text is considered legally authentic, see:

** {{Cite web |title=M.580 ABB/DAIMLER BENZ |url=http://ec.europa.eu/competition/elojade/isef/case_details.cfm?proc_code=2_M_580 |website=ec.europa.eu}}

* {{Cite web |title=DaimlerBenz Annual Report 1996 |url=http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364413_1996_Daimler_Benz_Annual_Report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708221537/http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364413_1996_Daimler_Benz_Annual_Report.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-08 |access-date=2011-01-23 |website=cms.daimler.com |publisher=DaimlerBenz AG}}

* {{Cite web |title=DaimlerBenz Annual Report 1997 |url=http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364411_1997_Daimler_Benz_Annual_Report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708221651/http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364411_1997_Daimler_Benz_Annual_Report.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-08 |access-date=2011-01-23 |website=cms.daimler.com |publisher=DaimlerBenz AG}}

* {{Cite web |title=DaimlerChrysler Annual Report 1998 |url=http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364408_1998_DaimlerChrysler_Annual_Report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708221901/http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364408_1998_DaimlerChrysler_Annual_Report.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-08 |access-date=2011-01-23 |website=cms.daimler.com |publisher=DaimlerChrysler}}

* {{Cite web |title=DaimlerChrysler Annual Report 1999 |url=http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364405_1999_DaimlerChrysler_Annual_Report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708221958/http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364405_1999_DaimlerChrysler_Annual_Report.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-08 |access-date=2011-01-23 |website=cms.daimler.com |publisher=DaimlerChrysler}}

* {{Cite web |title=DaimlerChrysler Annual Report 2000 |url=http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364403_2000_DaimlerChrysler_Annual_Report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708222045/http://www.cms.daimler.com/Projects/c2c/channel/documents/1364403_2000_DaimlerChrysler_Annual_Report.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-08 |access-date=2011-01-23 |website=cms.daimler.com |publisher=DaimlerChrysler}}

* {{Cite web |title=Welcome to Adtranz |url=http://www.adtranz.com/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961228235320/http://www.adtranz.com/index.htm |archive-date=28 December 1996}}