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{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Nuclear physics}}
[[File:Nucleus drawing.svg|thumb|right|A model of the atomic
The '''atomic
The diameter of the nucleus is in the range of {{val|1.70|ul=fm}} ({{val|1.70|e=-15|u=m}}<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Castelvecchi |title=How big is the proton? Particle-size puzzle leaps closer to resolution |journal=Nature |date=2019-11-07 |volume=575 |issue=7782 |pages=269–270 |doi=10.1038/d41586-019-03432-4 |pmid=31719693 |bibcode=2019Natur.575..269C |s2cid=207938065 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03432-4 |access-date=2021-11-04}}</ref>) for [[hydrogen]] (the diameter of a single proton) to about {{val|11.7|ul=fm}} for [[uranium]].<ref name="Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables">
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===History===
{{Main|Rutherford model}}
The nucleus was discovered in 1911, as a result of [[Ernest Rutherford]]'s efforts to test Thomson's "[[plum pudding model]]" of the atom.<ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.physics.rutgers.edu/meis/Rutherford.htm | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20011114113713/http://www.physics.rutgers.edu/meis/Rutherford.htm | url-status =dead | archive-date =November 14, 2001 | title =The Rutherford Experiment | publisher =[[Rutgers University]] | access-date =February 26, 2013 }}</ref> The electron had already been discovered by [[J.J. Thomson]]. Knowing that atoms are electrically neutral, J.J.
===Etymology===
The term '''nucleus''' is from the Latin word {{lang|la|nucleus}}, a diminutive of {{wikt-lang|la|nux|nux}} ('nut'), meaning 'the kernel' (i.e., the 'small nut') inside a watery type of fruit (like a [[peach]]). In 1844, [[Michael Faraday]] used the term to refer to the "central point of an atom". The modern atomic meaning was proposed by Ernest Rutherford in 1912.<ref>
{{
|author=Harper, D.
|title=Nucleus
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