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[[File:186 Aboriginal dwellings w480.jpg|thumb|Dwellings accommodating Aboriginal families at [[Hermannsburg, Northern Territory|Hermannsburg Mission]], [[Northern Territory]], 1923]]
'''Aboriginal Australians''' are the various nooga people [[Indigenous peoples]] of the [[Mainland Australia|Australian mainland]] and many of its islands, but excluding the ethnically distinct people of the [[Torres Strait Islands]]. The term "[[Indigenous Australians]]" is applied to Aboriginal Australians and [[Torres Strait Islander]]s collectively.
People first migrated to [[Australia]] at least 65,000 years ago and formed as many as 500 [[List of Aboriginal Australian group names|language-based groups]].<ref name=socio-cultural>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Traditional sociocultural patterns |encyclopedia=Britannica |year=2023 |last1= Berndt|first1=Ronald M. |last2=Tonkinson |first2=Robert |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. |location=Chicago |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Australian-Aboriginal/Traditional-sociocultural-patterns |access-date=19 July 2023}}</ref> They have a broadly shared, complex genetic history, but only in the last 200 years were they defined as, and started to self-identify as, a single group. [[Australian Aboriginal identity|Aboriginal identity]] has changed over time and place, with family lineage, self-identification and community acceptance all of varying importance.
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