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=== Early Years and Folk Music (19th Century to the early 20th Century) ===
[[File:The Founding of Australia.jpg|left|thumb|The founding of Australia on the 26 January 1788]]
The Australian music scene during the [[History of Australia (1788–1850)|Colonial Period of Australian history]] was characterised and influenced by [[European music|European musical traditions]]. [[Folk music|Folk songs]] and [[Ballad|ballads]] were extremely popular at this time with such songs like '[[Waltzing Matilda]]' and '[[Botany Bay (song)|Botany Bay]]' becoming cultural icons. Musical influences from [[England]], [[Ireland]], and other parts of Europe began to have a significant impact and helped to shape much of the modern Australian music genre. Settlers from Europe brought over many new types of instruments such as [[Violin|violins]], [[Flute|flutes]] and [[Piano|pianos]], some of which had been in use within European classical music since the 17th Century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Music Of Australia |url=https://www.australian-information-stories.com/music-of-australia.html |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=www.australian-information-stories.com}}</ref> Two main forms of early Australian music developed from this; the [[Transportation ballads|convict]] and folk songs and the quintissential Australian '[[Bush ballad|bush ballads]]'. Convict and folk songs played an important role in expressing Australia's founding as a [[penal colony]] and the colonisation of the nation. Settlers brought over songs from their home countries but in addition to this [[Convict|convicts]] would sing about their experiences working in the Colony but also helped to convey themes about hardship, love and longing for home. Songs such as '[[Moreton Bay (song)|Moreton Bay]]' became famous for their reflection of convict life in Australia's early history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Convict Voice - songs of transportation by Don Brian {{!}} Parramatta History and Heritage |url=https://historyandheritage.cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au/research-topics/female-factory/convict-voice-songs-of-transportation-don-brian |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=historyandheritage.cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au |language=en}}</ref> Similarly, bush ballads emerged as another prominent early Australian genre of music. These bush ballads gained popularity throughout the 19th Century and were particularly popular for its description of life in the [[The bush|Australian bush]], and would often focus on themes relating to exploration, pioneer life as well as outlaws and [[Bushranger|bushrangers]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-14 |title=Bush Ballads |url=https://www.penrithregionalgallery.org/bush-ballads/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=Art of Australia |language=en-US}}</ref> Prominent artists such as [[Banjo Paterson]] and [[Henry Lawson]] had a significant impact on this genre with Paterson's '[[The Man from Snowy River (poem)|The Man From Snowy River]]' written in 1890<ref>{{Cite web |title=Banjo Paterson's The Man From Snowy River |url=https://www.mtc.com.au/discover-more/backstage/banjo-patersons-the-man-from-snowy-river/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=www.mtc.com.au |language=en}}</ref> and Lawson's '[[Up the Country]]' being first published in 1892,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Up the Country, a poem by Henry Lawson |url=https://www.ironbarkresources.com/henrylawson/UpTheCountry.html |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=www.ironbarkresources.com}}</ref> becoming two of their most famous ballads. ▼
[[File:Banjo Paterson with signature.jpg|thumb|203x203px|Banjo Paterson c. 1890 ]]
▲The Australian music scene during the [[History of Australia (1788–1850)|Colonial Period of Australian history]] was characterised and influenced by [[European music|European musical traditions]]. [[Folk music|Folk songs]] and [[Ballad|ballads]] were extremely popular at this time with such songs like '[[Waltzing Matilda]]' and '[[Botany Bay (song)|Botany Bay]]' becoming cultural icons. Musical influences from [[England]], [[Ireland]], and other parts of Europe began to have a significant impact and helped to shape much of the modern Australian music genre. Settlers from Europe brought over many new types of instruments such as [[Violin|violins]], [[Flute|flutes]] and [[Piano|pianos]], some of which had been in use within European classical music since the 17th Century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Music Of Australia |url=https://www.australian-information-stories.com/music-of-australia.html |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=www.australian-information-stories.com}}</ref> Two main forms of early Australian music developed from this; the [[Transportation ballads|convict]] and folk songs and the quintissential Australian '[[Bush ballad|bush ballads]]'. Convict and folk songs played an important role in expressing Australia's founding as a [[penal colony]] and the colonisation of the nation. Settlers brought over songs from their home countries but in addition to this [[Convict|convicts]] would sing about their experiences working in the Colony but also helped to convey themes about hardship, love and longing for home. Songs such as '[[Moreton Bay (song)|Moreton Bay]]' became famous for their reflection of convict life in Australia's early history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Convict Voice - songs of transportation by Don Brian {{!}} Parramatta History and Heritage |url=https://historyandheritage.cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au/research-topics/female-factory/convict-voice-songs-of-transportation-don-brian |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=historyandheritage.cityofparramatta.nsw.gov.au |language=en}}</ref> Similarly, bush ballads emerged as another prominent early Australian genre of music. These bush ballads gained popularity throughout the 19th Century and were particularly popular for its description of life in the [[The bush|Australian bush]], and would often focus on themes relating to exploration, pioneer life as well as outlaws and [[Bushranger|bushrangers]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-14 |title=Bush Ballads |url=https://www.penrithregionalgallery.org/bush-ballads/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=Art of Australia |language=en-US}}</ref> Prominent artists such as [[Banjo Paterson]] and [[Henry Lawson]] had a significant impact on this genre with Paterson's '[[The Man from Snowy River (poem)|The Man From Snowy River]]' written in 1890<ref>{{Cite web |title=Banjo Paterson's The Man From Snowy River |url=https://www.mtc.com.au/discover-more/backstage/banjo-patersons-the-man-from-snowy-river/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=www.mtc.com.au |language=en}}</ref> and Lawson's '[[Up the Country]]' being first published in 1892,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Up the Country, a poem by Henry Lawson |url=https://www.ironbarkresources.com/henrylawson/UpTheCountry.html |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=www.ironbarkresources.com}}</ref> becoming two of their most famous ballads.
=== Radio and Recorded Music (1920s to the 1940s) ===
With the creation of the [[radio]] by [[Guglielmo Marconi]] in 1897,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Elon University / Imagining the Internet / 1890s – 1930s: Radio |url=https://www.elon.edu/u/imagining/time-capsule/150-years/back-1890-1930/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=www.elon.edu}}</ref> it soon had a significant impact on the development of the Australian music industry and as a result, this era saw rapid development of technologies and changed the way that music was produced and consumed, not only in Australia but across the world. It also led to new opportunities and challenges for musicians and artists such as [[Peter Dawson (bass-baritone)|Peter Dawson]], [[Harold Williams (baritone)|Harold Williams]] and [[Gladys Moncrieff]] would find large success in this era.
[[File:Guglielmo Marconi.jpg|thumb|Guglielmo Marconi in 1908. ]]
[[Radio broadcasting]] began in Australia in the early 1920s and the first public broadcast occurred on 23 November 1923 by [[Ernest Fisk]] from the Marconi station in [[Sydney]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=corporateName=Screen Australia; contact=webmaster; email=learning@screenaustralia. gov.au; address=PO Box 404 |first=South Melbourne Vic 3205 |title=Screen Australia Digital Learning - Early radio broadcasting ( 1923) |url=https://dl.nfsa.gov.au/module/1656/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=dl.nfsa.gov.au |language=en-au}}</ref> This saw a surge in radio popularity as it quickly became a source of entertainment and news. As such, broadcasting companies began to be created to try and capitalise on this popularity. One famous example is the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] (ABC) which was formed in 1923 by the [[Australian Government]] to try and regulate the radio market but also to ensure that listeners had access to high quality music and radio services.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ABC History {{!}} About the ABC |url=https://about.abc.net.au/abc-history/#:~:text=The%20ABC,%20however,%20was%20formed,fees%20and%20some%20government%20funding. |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=about.abc.net.au}}</ref> In doing so this helped to pave the way for other such companies. Radio stations began to play music primarily to attract and retain new audiences and helped to encourage people to tune in regularly.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-02-05 |title=Radio’s Influence on Music – Radio Matters Blog |url=https://radiomatters.org/index.php/2018/02/05/radios-influence-on-music/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |language=en-US}}</ref> Additionally, music broadcasting also provided a reliable way for radio stations to fill in [[Airtime (broadcasting)|airtime]] with live performances from well-known artists but also local ones which made it easier for upcoming artists to make money from their music career, allowing for growth in the music industry overall.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Development of Radio {{!}} American Experience {{!}} PBS |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/rescue-development-radio/ |access-date=2023-08-23 |website=www.pbs.org |language=en}}</ref> Similarly, [[Live broadcast|live-to-air]] broadcasts were becoming increasingly more frequent, with radio stations adpoting segments in their broadcasts for live studio music sessions and by the mid 1920s to early 1930s they had become an integral feature in Australian public broadcasting. One notable feature of this period in the music industry was the [[78 rpm records|78 RPM records]]. This record format became more standardised and widely adopted in the early 20th Century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The history of 78 RPM recordings {{!}} Yale University Library |url=https://web.library.yale.edu/cataloging/music/historyof78rpms |access-date=2023-08-24 |website=web.library.yale.edu}}</ref> By the 1920s, the 78 RPM records were a common medium for broadcast in Australia as well as many other parts of the world. The 78 RPM records featured a wide variety of musical genres from this era, most notably [[jazz]], [[blues]] and [[ragtime]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=1920s Music History including Twenties Styles, Bands And Artists |url=https://www.thepeoplehistory.com/20smusic.html |access-date=2023-08-24 |website=www.thepeoplehistory.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Music of the 1930s |url=https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/MusicOfThe1930s |access-date=2023-08-24 |website=TV Tropes}}</ref> with Australian broadcasting using both local artists such as [[Frank Coughlan]] and worldwide artists such as [[Louis Armstrong]] and [[Benny Goodman]]. These types of records saw continued use throughout the 1940s, especially during wartime. They became an important part form of entertainment during the [[World War II|Second World War]] and became a popular form of entertainment for both soldiers and civilians.<ref>{{Cite web |title=War, Vinyl and Print: Music for the Troops during World War II |url=https://www.neh.gov/divisions/research/featured-project/war-vinyl-and-print-music-the-troops-during-world-war-ii |access-date=2023-08-24 |website=The National Endowment for the Humanities |language=en}}</ref>
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