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In his free time he studied physical and physico-chemical problems. The [[Duhem–Margules equation]] and the [[Margules activity model|Margules' Gibbs free energy equation]] are examples of his free-time devotion. In 1900 his interest switched to meteorology and where he found great success by deploying his thermodynamic knowledge. This led to the [[Margules formula]], a formula for characterizing the slope of a front. He dedicated his retirement to a new found interest in chemistry research, completely abandoning his meteorological studies.
In 1919 the Austrian Society for Meteorology awarded him the silver Hann Medal of Acknowledgement. Margules accepted the medal, but rejected the money. He rejected all attempts to make the last year of his life bearable. His small pension and the devaluation of the currency due to World War I led to a life in poverty. He contented himself with food coupons in the post World War I period. After a period of starvation, he developed [[edema|hunger edema]], which he refused to remedy and on the October 4, 1920 he died from starvation. His obituary noted that he was too prideful to ask for assistance and that his death was a preventable tragedy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Gold |first=E. |date=October 1920 |title=Dr. Max Margules |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/106286a0 |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=106 |issue=2661 |pages=286–287 |doi=10.1038/106286a0 |issn=1476-4687|doi-access=free }}</ref>
Margules' accomplishments are seen as the theoretical pillars of meteorology and he left a lasting legacy on the field of thermodynamics in his name-sake equations.
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