Tumah and taharah: Difference between revisions

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{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Tumah'' and ''taharah''}}
In Jewish law, '''''ṭumah''''' ({{Lang-he|טומאה}}, {{IPA-he|tumʔa|pron}}) and '''''ṭaharah''''' ({{Lang-he|טהרה}}, {{IPA-he|taharɔ|pron}}) are the state of being [[ritual purity|ritually "impure" and "pure"]], respectively, according to [[Halakha|Jewish religious law]].<ref>Martin S. Jaffee ''Early Judaism: religious worlds of the first Judaic millennium'' 2006 - 277 "For the conceptual background of rabbinic conceptions of cleanliness and uncleanliness, including the relation of these concepts to moral conditions"</ref><ref>''The Talmud of Babylonia: An American Translation IV: Pesahim'' ed. Jacob Neusner - 1993 "P. If the Israelites were half clean and half unclean, these prepare the offering by themselves, ... [[Kahuna]]'s ruling: R. Lo, if half of the Israelites were clean and half unclean, the clean ones observe the first Passover and the"</ref> The Hebrew noun ''ṭum'ah'', meaning "impurity", describes a state of [[ritual impurity]]. A person or object which contracts ''ṭumah'' is said to be ''ṭamé'' ({{Script/Hebrew|טמא}} Hebrew [[adjective]], "ritually impure"), and thereby unsuited for certain holy activities and uses (''[[Holiness in Judaism|kedushah]]'', {{Script/Hebrew|קְדֻשָּׁה‎}} in Hebrew) until undergoing predefined purification actions that usually include the elapse of a specified time-period.
 
The contrasting Hebrew noun ''ṭaharah'' ({{Script/Hebrew|טָהֳרָה}}) describes a state of [[ritual purity]] that qualifies the ''ṭahor'' ({{Script/Hebrew|טָהוֹר}}; ritually pure person or object) to be used for ''kedushah''. The most common method of achieving ''ṭaharah'' is by the person or object being immersed in a ''[[mikveh]]'' (ritual bath). This concept is connected with [[ritual washing in Judaism]], and both ritually impure and ritually pure states have parallels in [[ritual purification|ritual purification in other world religions]].