Sasanian art: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Irnp105-Grobowce Naqsh-E Rustam.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Ardashir I]] receives the ring of power from [[Ahura Mazda]].]]
[[File:Clevelandart 1962.150.jpg|thumb|300x300px|Silver-gilt bowl with king hunting, a typical subject in Sasanian metalwork]]
'''Sasanian art''', or Sassanid art, was produced under the [[Iranian]] [[Sasanian Empire]] which ruled from the 3rd to 7th centuries AD, before the [[Muslim conquest of Persia]] was completed around 651. In 224 AD, the last [[Parthia]]n king was defeated by [[Ardashir I]]. The resulting [[List of shahanshahs of the Sasanian Empire|Sasanian dynasty]] would last for four hundred years, ruling modern Iran, Iraq, and much territory to the east and north of modern Iran. At times the Levant, much of Anatolia and parts of Egypt and Arabia were under its control. It began a new era in Iran and [[Mesopotamia]], which in many ways was built on [[Achaemenid]] traditions, including the art of the period. Nevertheless, there were also other influences on art of the period that came from as far as China and the Mediterranean.<ref>Harper; Cotterell, 177–178;</ref>
 
The surviving art of the Sassanids is best seen in its architecture, reliefs and metalwork, and there are some surviving paintings from what was evidently a widespread production. Stone reliefs were probably greatly outnumbered by interior ones in plaster, of which only fragments have survived. Free standing sculptures are fewer than in [[Parthian art]], but the [[Colossal Statue of Shapur I]] (r. AD 240–272) is a major exception, carved from a [[stalagmite]] grown in a cave;<ref name="Harper">Harper</ref> there are literary mentions of other colossal statues of kings, now lost.<ref>Keall</ref> There are important Sassanid rock reliefs, and the Parthian tradition of moulded stucco decoration to buildings continued, also including large figurative scenes.<ref name="Harper"/>