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{{Short description|Medical condition involving uncontrolled growth of skin cells}}
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{{For|the book|Skin Cancer: Recognition and Management}}
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<!-- Definition and Symptoms -->
'''Skin cancers''' are [[cancer]]s that arise from the [[Human skin|skin]]. They are due to the development of abnormal [[cells (biology)|cells]] that have the ability to invade or [[metastasis|spread]] to other parts of the body.<ref>{{cite web|title=Defining Cancer|url=http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer|website=National Cancer Institute|access-date=10 June 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140625220940/http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/cancerlibrary/what-is-cancer|archive-date=25 June 2014|date=17 September 2007}}</ref> Skin cancer is the most commonly diagnosed form of cancer in humans.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Apalla Z, Lallas A, Sotiriou E, Lazaridou E, Ioannides D | title = Epidemiological trends in skin cancer | journal = Dermatology Practical & Conceptual | volume = 7 | issue = 2 | pages = 1–6 | date = April 2017 | pmid = 28515985 | pmc = 5424654 | doi = 10.5826/dpc.0702a01 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Hu W, Fang L, Ni R, Zhang H, Pan G | title = Changing trends in the disease burden of non-melanoma skin cancer globally from 1990 to 2019 and its predicted level in 25 years | journal = BMC Cancer | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 836 | date = July 2022 | pmid = 35907848 | pmc = 9339183 | doi = 10.1186/s12885-022-09940-3 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{
<!-- Cause and Diagnosis -->
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=== Melanoma ===
Most melanoma consist of various colours from shades of brown to black. A small number of melanoma are pink, red or fleshy in colour; these are called amelanotic melanoma and tend to be more aggressive. Warning signs of malignant melanoma include change in the size, shape, color or elevation of a mole. Other signs are the appearance of a new mole during adulthood or pain, itching, ulceration, redness around the site, or bleeding at the site. An often-used mnemonic is "ABCDE", where A is for "asymmetrical", B for "borders" (irregular: "Coast of Maine sign"), C for "color" (variegated), D for "diameter" (larger than 6 mm – the size of a pencil eraser) and E for "evolving."<ref>{{
=== Other ===
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Eating certain foods may decrease the risk of sunburns but this is much less than the protection provided by sunscreen.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stahl W, Sies H | title = β-Carotene and other carotenoids in protection from sunlight | journal = The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition | volume = 96 | issue = 5 | pages = 1179S–1184S | date = November 2012 | pmid = 23053552 | doi = 10.3945/ajcn.112.034819 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
A meta-analysis of skin cancer prevention in high risk individuals found evidence that topical application of T4N5 liposome lotion reduced the rate of appearance of basal cell carcinomas in people with [[xeroderma pigmentosum]], and that [[acitretin]] taken by mouth may have a skin protective benefit in people following [[kidney transplant]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bath-Hextall F, Leonardi-Bee J, Somchand N, Webster A, Delitt J, Perkins W | title = Interventions for preventing non-melanoma skin cancers in high-risk groups | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | issue = 4 | pages = CD005414 | date = October 2007 | volume = 2015 | pmid = 17943854 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD005414.pub2 | pmc = 10799667 | hdl-access = free | hdl = 2123/22258 }}</ref>
A research published in January 2022 by the Oregon State University College of Pharmacy showed that a vaccine that stimulates the production of a protein critical to the skin's antioxidant network could reinforce people's defenses against skin cancer.<ref>{{
== Treatment ==
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{{col-end}} ]]
Skin cancers result in 80,000 deaths a year as of 2010, 49,000 of which are due to melanoma and 31,000 of which are due to non-melanoma skin cancers.<ref name=Loz2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, etal | title = Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 | journal = Lancet | volume = 380 | issue = 9859 | pages = 2095–2128 | date = December 2012 | pmid = 23245604 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 | pmc = 10790329 | hdl-access = free | s2cid = 1541253 | hdl = 10536/DRO/DU:30050819 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/2557786 }}</ref> This is up from 51,000 in 1990.<ref name="Loz2012" />
More than 3.5 million cases of skin cancer are diagnosed annually in the United States, which makes it the most common form of cancer in that country. One in five Americans will develop skin cancer at some point of their lives. The most common form of skin cancer is basal-cell carcinoma, followed by squamous cell carcinoma. Unlike for other cancers, there exists no basal and squamous cell skin cancers [[Cancer registry|registry]] in the United States.<ref name=":0" />
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=== Non-melanoma ===
Approximately 2,000 people die from basal or squamous cell skin cancers (non-melanoma skin cancers) in the United States each year. The rate has dropped in recent years. Most of the deaths happen to people who are elderly and might not have seen a doctor until the cancer had spread; and people with immune system disorders.<ref name=":0">{{
== Veterinary medicine ==
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