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In their 2012 publication, "''Sea Power and the Asia-Pacific''", professors Geoffrey Till and Patrick C. Bratton outlined what they termed as "concise criteria" with regard to the definitions of brown-, green- and blue-water navies. Quote; "''...a brown-water navy standing for a navy capable of defending its coastal zones, a green-water navy for a navy competent to operate in regional sea and finally [a] blue-water navy described as a navy with capability to operate across the deep waters.''"<ref name="Bratton"/> They go on to say that even with such a definition and understanding of naval hierarchy, it is still "ambiguous". For example, while France and the United States may be considered blue-water navies, he states that the "operational capability and geographic reach of both navies are definitely different."<ref name="Bratton">{{cite book|last1=Bratton|first1=Patrick C|last2=Till|first2=Geoffrey|title=Sea Power and the Asia-Pacific|publisher=Routledge|year=2012|location=London, United Kingdom|isbn=978-1136627248|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RxOpAgAAQBAJ}}</ref>
Another definition states that 'brown-water' refers to the littoral areas within 100 [[nautical mile]]s of the coastline. 'Green-water' begins from 100 nautical miles out to the next major land formation, while 'blue-water' is the ability to project force out to at least 1,500 nautical miles beyond the coast.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Athwal|first1=Amardeep|title=China-India Relations: Contemporary Dynamics|date=10 Oct 2007|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=9781134074662|page=131, note 12}}</ref> Traditionally a distinction used to be made between a coastal [[brown-water navy]] operating in the [[littoral|littoral zone]] to 200 nautical miles (or 370 [[kilometre]]s) and an oceangoing blue-water navy. However, the [[United States Navy]] created a new term, [[green-water navy]], to replace the term 'brown-water navy' in US Navy parlance.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/mullen/speeches/mullen051013.txt |title= Q&A with Adm. Michael G. Mullen 2006 CNO's Guidance Release Media Roundtable Pentagon |location=Washington, DC |date=13 October 2005 |publisher=US Navy |access-date=17 March 2015 |archive-date= 15 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191015040114/https://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/mullen/speeches/mullen051013.txt |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>U.S. Navy [[Chief of Naval Operations]] [[Admiral]] [[Michael Mullen]] pointed out in an interview with KQV ([[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania|Pittsburgh]]): "We are looking at, in addition to the blue-water ships which I would characterize and describe as our aircraft carriers and other ships that support that kind of capability, we're also looking to develop capability in what I call the green-water and the brown-water, and the brown-water is really the rivers . . . These are challenges we all have, and we need to work together to ensure that the sea lanes are secure." FC [http://www.navy.mil/navydata/cno/mullen/speeches/mullen060519-kqv.txt KQV RADIO (PITTSBURGH) INTERVIEW WITH JOE FENN MAY 19, 2006]</ref> Today, a brown-water navy has come to be known as a predominantly [[Maritime geography#Riverine|riverine]] and [[littoral zone|littoral]] force.
Despite the above, however, there is no agreed definition of the term.<ref name=Michiko/>
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