Content deleted Content added
m Reverted edits by 2607:FEA8:53DE:A400:D590:3E9B:1599:AD80 (talk) (HG) (3.4.12) |
Polyamorph (talk | contribs) m clean up, typo(s) fixed: ically- → ically |
||
Line 14:
==Definitions==
{{See also|Lists of metalloids}}
===Judgment-based===
A metalloid is an element that possesses a preponderance of properties in between, or that are a mixture of, those of metals and nonmetals, and which is therefore hard to classify as either a metal or a nonmetal. This is a generic definition that draws on metalloid attributes consistently cited in the literature.{{refn|1=Definitions and extracts by different authors, illustrating aspects of the generic definition, follow:
Line 87 ⟶ 88:
|
|-
| colspan="5" style="text-align: left; font-size: 90%" |The elements commonly recognised as metalloids, and their [[ionization energy|ionization energies]] (IE);<ref>[[#NIST2010|NIST 2010]]. Values shown in the above table have been converted from the NIST values, which are given in eV.</ref> electronegativities (EN, revised Pauling scale); and electronic band structures<ref>[[#Berger1997|Berger 1997]]; [[#Lovett1977|Lovett 1977, p. 3]]</ref> (most thermodynamically
|}
No widely accepted definition of a metalloid exists, nor any division of the periodic table into metals, metalloids, and nonmetals;<ref>[[#Goldsmith1982|Goldsmith 1982, p. 526]]; [[#Hawkes2001|Hawkes 2001, p. 1686]]</ref> Hawkes<ref name=H1687>[[#Hawkes2001|Hawkes 2001, p. 1687]]</ref> questioned the feasibility of establishing a specific definition, noting that anomalies can be found in several attempted constructs. Classifying an element as a metalloid has been described by Sharp<ref name="Sharp1981">[[#Sharp1981|Sharp 1981, p. 299]]</ref> as "arbitrary".
Line 552 ⟶ 553:
| align="right" |85|| ''Astatine''|| align="right" | <span style="display:none;">0.000000000000000003</span>3×10<sup>−20</sup>
|}
===Abundance===
The table gives [[crustal abundance]]s of the elements commonly to rarely recognised as metalloids.<ref>[[#Lide|Lide 2005]]; [[#Wiberg2001|Wiberg 2001, p. 423: At]]</ref> Some other elements are included for comparison: oxygen and xenon (the most and least abundant elements with stable isotopes); iron and the coinage metals copper, silver, and gold; and rhenium, the least abundant stable metal (aluminium is normally the most abundant metal). Various abundance estimates have been published; these often disagree to some extent.<ref>[[#Cox|Cox 1997, pp. 182‒86]]</ref>
| |||