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During the [[July Monarchy|French]] [[French conquest of Algeria|conquest of Algeria]], a French force from Oran marched east to capture Marsa on 10 July 1833. The [[French army]] then used the area as a logistics hub, including during the [[Battle of Macta]].
Upon the [[Treaty of Desmichels]], Arzew was organized as part of [[French Algeria]], initially under the spelling '''Arzowe'''.{{fact}} [[King of France|King]] [[Louis-Philippe]] ordered the establishment of the port of Arzew ({{lang|fr|Arzew Le Port}}){{fact}} on 12 August 1845. [[French colonization|French colonists]] settled the area, which was declared a [[commune in France|commune]] on 31 December 1856. Many [[Spaniards|Spanish]] immigrants also came, and Arzew became a hub for the production and export of [[esparto]], a kind of grass used for [[cording]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Arzew |date=2023-07-09 |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arzew&oldid=205851090 |work=Wikipédia |access-date=2023-11-10 |language=fr}}</ref> The town was badly damaged by an earthquake in 1912.<ref>{{Citation |title=Arzew |date=2023-07-09 |url=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arzew&oldid=205851090 |work=Wikipédia |access-date=2023-11-10 |language=fr}}</ref> The area was important during [[Operation Torch]], the [[Allies (WWII)|Allied]] invasion of North Africa during [[World War II]].
During the [[Algerian War of Independence]], the city hosted one of the two [[SDECE]] French intelligence CIPCGs ("counter-guerrilla and pacification instruction centres"; <small>
===Algerian republic===
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