Harihara I: Difference between revisions

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| reign = 1336 – 1356 (unofficial)
| predecessor = ''Position established'' <br/>
([[Veera Ballala III]] as [[Hoysala]] rulerking)
| successor = [[Bukka Raya I]]
| birth_date = 1306 CE
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The early life of Hakka and his brother [[Bukka Raya I|Bukka]] is relatively unknown and most accounts are based on various speculative theories. According to the theories Bukka and Hakka were commanders in the army of the [[Kakatiya]] King of [[Warangal]]. After the King of [[Warangal]] was defeated by [[Muhammad bin Tughlaq]], Bukka and his brother were taken prisoners and sent to Delhi, where they both converted to Islam. Bukka and his brother eventually escaped, reconverted to Hinduism under the influence of the sage [[Vidyaranya]], and founded the [[Vijayanagara Empire]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Reflections on State-Making and History-Making in South India, 1500-1800 |jstor=3632419 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3632419 |last1=Subrahmanyam |first1=Sanjay |journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient |date=27 September 1998 |volume=41 |issue=3 |pages=382–416 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Wagoner |first=Phillip B. |date=1996 |title="Sultan among Hindu Kings": Dress, Titles, and the Islamicization of Hindu Culture at Vijayanagara |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2646526 |journal=The Journal of Asian Studies |volume=55 |issue=4 |pages=851–880 |doi=10.2307/2646526 |jstor=2646526 |issn=0021-9118}}</ref>
 
Ballappa Dandanayaka, a nephew of the [[Hoysala EmpireKingdom|Hoysala]] rulerking [[Veera Ballala III]], had married a daughter of Harihara.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.karnataka.gov.in/gazetteer/GazetteerMandya2009/Chapter-2.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2014-10-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531200248/http://www.karnataka.gov.in/gazetteer/GazetteerMandya2009/Chapter-2.pdf |archive-date=31 May 2011}}</ref> This shows that Harihara was associated with the Hoysala Court. Immediately after coming to power, he built a fort at [[Barkur]]u, on the west coast of present-day [[Karnataka]]. It appears from inscriptions that he was administering the northern parts of present-day [[Karnataka]] from his seat at [[Gooty Fort|Gooty]] (Gutti), [[Anantapur district|Ananthpur district]] in 1339. He initially controlled the northern portions of the [[Hoysala EmpireKingdom]] before taking full control over its entire range after the death of Hoysala [[Veera Ballala III]] in 1343. [[Kannada]] inscriptions of his time call him ''Karnataka Vidya Vilas'' ("master of great knowledge and skills"), ''Bhashege tappuva rayara ganda'' ("punisher of those feudatories who don't keep their promise"), ''and Arirayavibhada'' ("fire to enemy kings"). Among his brothers, Kampana governed the [[Nellore|Nellur]] region, Muddppa administered the [[Mulbagal|Mulabagalu]] region, Marappa oversaw [[Chandragutti]] and Bukka Raya was his second in command.
 
His initial military exploits established his control over the valley of [[Tungabhadra River]], and gradually he expanded his control to certain regions of [[Konkan]] and [[Malabar Coast]]. By that time, the [[Hoysala EmpireKingdom|Hoysala]] ruler [[Veera Ballala III]] had died fighting the [[Madurai Sultanate|Sultan of Madurai]], and the vacuum thus created allowed Harihara to emerge as a [[Sovereignty|sovereign]] power with all the Hoysala territories under his rule.
 
An inscription dated 1346 regarding a grant to the [[Sringeri matha]] describes Harihara I as the ruler of "whole country between the [[Bay of Bengal|eastern]] and the [[Arabian Sea|western seas]]" and describes ''Vidya Nagara'' (that is, the city of learning) as his capital.