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In April 1930, meetings of the [[Agricultural Workers' Industrial League]] (AWIL) across [[Imperial Valley]] but centered around [[El Centro, California|El Centro]] were raided by the [[Imperial County, California|Imperial County]] [[Sheriff]].{{sfn|Daniel|1981|p=121}} Of the hundreds arrested, 16 were charged by the [[Imperial County, California|Imperial County]] [[Grand Jury]] with violations of the Criminal Syndicalism Act,{{sfn|Daniel|1981|p=121}} and 8 were convicted on 13 June 1930 and received sentences ranging from deportation to 42 years in prison.{{sfn|Daniel|1981|p=124}} In 1931, the conviction of Frank Spector was reversed by the [[California Court of Appeal for the Fourth District]] in [[Fresno, California]].{{sfn|Daniel|1981|p=125}} All of the convicts were [[parole]]d by 1933.{{sfn|Daniel|1981|p=126}}
According to journalist and historian [[Carey McWilliams (journalist)|Carey McWilliams]], there were 531 indictments for violation of the Criminal Syndicalism Act between 1919 and 1924, and "Of those arrested, 264 were tried, 164 convicted, and 128 were sentenced to [[San Quentin Prison]] for terms of from one to fourteen years. A large part of these prosecutions arose in Southern California."{{sfnp|McWilliams|1973|pp=290–291}}
==Notes==
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