Manhattan: Difference between revisions

Present-day Manhattan was originally part of [[Lenape]] territory.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last1=Burrows |first1=Edwin G. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/47011419 |title=Gotham : a history of New York City to 1898 |last2=Wallace |first2=Mike |publisher=Oxford University Press |others=Mike Wallace |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-585-36462-9 |location=Oxford |pages=6–7 |oclc=47011419}}</ref> European settlement began with the establishment of a [[trading post]] by [[Dutch colonization of the Americas|Dutch colonists]] in 1624 on southern Manhattan Island; the post was named [[New Amsterdam]] in 1626. The territory and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King [[Charles II of England]] granted the lands to his brother, the [[James II of England|Duke of York]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/kingston/colonization.htm |title=KINGSTON Discover 300 Years of New York History DUTCH COLONIES |publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |access-date=April 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081123001850/http://www.nps.gov/nr//travel/kingston/colonization.htm |archive-date=November 23, 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref> New York, based in present-day [[Lower Manhattan]], served as the [[List of capitals in the United States#Capitals of the US|capital of the United States]] from 1785 until 1790.<ref name=senate>{{cite web |url=https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |title=The Nine Capitals of the United States |publisher=[[United States Senate]] |access-date=April 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320084755/https://www.senate.gov/reference/reference_item/Nine_Capitals_of_the_United_States.htm |archive-date=March 20, 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Statue of Liberty]] in [[New York Harbor]] greeted millions of arriving immigrants [[History of immigration to the United States#1850 to 1930|in the late 19th century]] and is a world symbol of the United States and its ideals.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statue of Liberty |work=World Heritage |publisher=UNESCO World Heritage Centre 1992–2011 |url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307 |access-date=April 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120828142117/http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/307/ |archive-date=August 28, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> Manhattan became a borough during the [[consolidation of New York City]] in 1898, and houses [[New York City Hall]], the seat of the [[Government of New York City|city's government]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/25/nyregion/the-reporters-of-city-hall-return-to-their-old-perch.html |title=The Reporters of City Hall Return to Their Old Perch|author=Michael M. Grynbaum|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 24, 2012|access-date=December 5, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625035720/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/25/nyregion/the-reporters-of-city-hall-return-to-their-old-perch.html |archive-date=June 25, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Stonewall Inn]] in [[Greenwich Village]], part of the [[Stonewall National Monument]], is considered the [[Stonewall riots|birthplace]] of the modern [[gay rights movement]], cementing Manhattan's central role in [[LGBT culture in New York City#Manhattan|LGBT culture]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562|publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |access-date=July 2, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160306222059/http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm|archive-date=March 6, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html|title=Obama inaugural speech references Stonewall gay-rights riots|publisher=North Jersey Media Group Inc|date=January 21, 2013|access-date=July 2, 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130530065722/http://www.northjersey.com/news/2012_Presidential_Election/Obama_inaugural_speech_references_Stonewall_riots.html|archive-date=May 30, 2013}}</ref> It was also the site of the [[World Trade Center (1973–2001)|World Trade Center]], which was [[collapse of the World Trade Center|destroyed]] during the [[September 11 attacks|September 11 terrorist attacks]].

 

 

Anchored by [[Wall Street]] in the [[Financial District, Manhattan|Financial District]] of Lower Manhattan, New York City has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading [[financial center|financial]] and [[fintech]] center of the world,<ref name="ManhattabFinancialAndFintechCapitalWorld">{{cite web |url = https://www.longfinance.net/publications/long-finance-reports/the-global-financial-centres-index-35/|title = The Global Financial Centres Index 35|date = March 21, 2024|publisher = Long Finance|access-date = March 23, 2024}}</ref><ref name="NYCDominantFinancialCenter">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-survey-banks/new-york-surges-ahead-of-brexit-shadowed-london-in-finance-survey-idUSKBN1ZQ0BE|title=New York surges ahead of Brexit-shadowed London in finance: survey|author=Huw Jones |work=Reuters|date=January 27, 2020|access-date=January 27, 2020|quote=New York remains the world's top financial center, pushing London further into second place as Brexit uncertainty undermines the UK capital and Asian centers catch up, a survey from consultants Duff & Phelps said on Monday.}}</ref><ref name=NYCDominantFinancialCenter1>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-britain-finance/new-york-widens-lead-over-london-as-finance-hub-duff-phelps-idUSKBN2AG0OS|title=New York widens lead over London as finance hub: Duff & Phelps|publisher=Thomson Reuters |date=February 16, 2021|access-date=March 20, 2021}}</ref>and Manhattan is home to the world's two [[List of stock exchanges|largest stock exchanges]] by total [[market capitalization]], the [[New York Stock Exchange]] and [[Nasdaq]].<ref name=LargestExchanges>Neufeld, Dorothy. [https://www.visualcapitalist.com/largest-stock-exchanges-in-the-world/ "Mapped: The Largest Stock Exchanges in the World"], Virtual Capitalist, October 18, 2023. Accessed December 26, 2023.</ref> Many multinational [[media conglomerate]]s are based in Manhattan, as are numerous colleges and universities, such as [[Columbia University]] and [[New York University]]; the [[headquarters of the United Nations]] is also located in the borough. Manhattan hosts three of the world's most-visited tourist attractions in 2013: [[Times Square]], [[Central Park]], and [[Grand Central Terminal]].<ref name="Ann Shields">{{cite web|title=The World's 50 Most Visited Tourist Attractions – No. 3: Times Square, New York City – Annual Visitors: 50,000,000|author=Ann Shields|publisher=Travel+Lesiure|url=http://www.travelandleisure.com/slideshows/worlds-most-visited-tourist-attractions/2|date=November 10, 2014|access-date=July 12, 2015|quote=No. 3 Times Square, ... No. 4 (tie) Central Park, ... No. 10 Grand Central Terminal, New York City|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721092243/http://www.travelandleisure.com/slideshows/worlds-most-visited-tourist-attractions/2|archive-date=July 21, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|Penn Station]] is the busiest transportation hub in the [[Western Hemisphere]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/09/30/opinion/penn-station-reborn.html|title=Penn Station Reborn|author=Michael Kimmelman|newspaper=The New York Times|date=September 30, 2016|access-date=August 3, 2022}}</ref> The borough hosts many prominent [[Bridges and tunnels in New York City|bridges]] and [[Bridges and tunnels in New York City|tunnels]], and [[Tallest buildings in New York City|skyscrapers]] including the [[Empire State Building]], [[Chrysler Building]], and [[One World Trade Center]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=city&city=NYC&country=US|title=Buildings in New York City|publisher=Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat|access-date=June 8, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717061539/http://buildingdb.ctbuh.org/?do=city&city=NYC&country=US|archive-date=July 17, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> It is also home to the [[National Basketball Association]]'s [[New York Knicks]] and the [[National Hockey League]]'s [[New York Rangers]].