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==History==
{{Alaska History}}
[[File:Russian Empire-US relations map.png|thumb|250px|right|Russia and the United States, c. 1866]]
[[File:U.S._Territorial_Acquisitions.png|thumb|250px|[[Territorial evolution of the United States|Territorial expansion of the United States]]; Alaska Purchase in purple]]
[[Russian America]] was settled by {{lang|ru|[[promyshlenniki]]}}, merchants and fur trappers who expanded through [[Siberia]]. They arrived in Alaska in 1732, and in 1799 the [[Russian-American Company]] (RAC) received a charter to hunt for fur. No colony was established, but the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] sent missionaries to the natives and built churches. About 700 Russians enforced sovereignty in a territory over twice as large as [[Texas]].<ref name="montaigne20160707">{{Cite magazine |last=Montaigne |first=Fen |date=2016-07-07 |title=Tracing Alaska's Russian Heritage |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/alaska-russian-heritage-smithsonian-journeys-travel-quarterly-180959449/ |magazine=Smithsonian Journeys Travel Quarterly |language=en |access-date=2018-01-20}}</ref> In 1821, Tsar [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]] issued [[Ukase of 1821|an edict]] declaring Russia's sovereignty over the North American Pacific coast north of the [[51st parallel north]]. The edict also forbade foreign ships to approach within 100 [[Italian mile]]s (115 miles or 185 km) of the Russian claim. US Secretary of State [[John Quincy Adams]] strongly protested the edict, which potentially threatened both the commerce and expansionary ambitions of the United States. Seeking favorable relations with the U.S., Alexander agreed to the [[Russo-American Treaty of 1824]]. In the treaty, Russia limited its claims to lands north of [[parallel 54°40′ north]] and also agreed to open Russian ports to U.S. ships.{{sfn|Herring|pp=151–153, 157}}
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