PAPOLA: Difference between revisions

{{Infobox_gene}}

'''Poly(A) polymerase alpha''' is an [[enzyme]] that in humans is encoded by the ''PAPOLA'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8302877">{{cite journal | vauthors = Thuresson AC, Astrom J, Astrom A, Gronvik KO, Virtanen A | title = Multiple forms of poly(A) polymerases in human cells | journal = Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A | volume = 91 | issue = 3 | pages = 979–83 |date=Mar 1994 | pmid = 8302877 | pmc = 521437 | doi =10.1073/pnas.91.3.979 | bibcode = 1994PNAS...91..979T | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="pmid10429366">{{cite journal | vauthors = Yamauchi T, Sugimoto J, Hatakeyama T, Asakawa S, Shimizu N, Isobe M | title = Assignment of the human poly(A) polymerase (PAP) gene to chromosome 14q32.1-q32.2 and isolation of a polymorphic CA repeat sequence | journal = J Hum Genet | volume = 44 | issue = 4 | pages = 253–5 |date=Sep 1999 | pmid = 10429366 | doi = 10.1007/s100380050154 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: PAPOLA poly(A) polymerase alpha| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=10914}}</ref>

 

PAPOLA binds to [[FIP1L1]] (Factor interacting with PAPOLA and CPSF1), a subunit of the [[CPSF1|cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 1]] (CPSF1) complex. This complex polyadenylates the [[Directionality (molecular biology)|3' end]] of [[precursor mRNA]]s (pre-mRNA) (see [[CPSF]]). CPSF1 is an [[RNA]] processing protein that binds to [[uracil]]-rich sequences in pre-mRNA, binds with and stimulates PAPOLA's [[Polynucleotide adenylyltransferase]] activity, and thereby adds [[Adenosine monophosphate|adenylyl]] residues to pre-mRNA. This poly-adenylyl action increases pre mRNA's maturation and movement from the nucleus to cytoplasm while dramatically increasing the stability of the mRNA formed from pre-mRNA: FIP1L1 is a Pre-mRNA 3'-end-processing factor. ''FIP1L1'' [[Fusion gene|gene fusions]] between it and either the [[PDGFRA|platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha (''PGDFRA'')]] or [[Retinoic acid receptor alpha]] (RARA) genes are causes of certain human [[Hypereosinophilia|diseases associated with pathologically increased levels of blood eosinophils]] and/or [[Leukemia]]s.<ref name="nih.gov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/81608|title=FIP1L1 factor interacting with PAPOLA and CPSF1 &#91;Homo sapiens (Human)&#93; - Gene - NCBI}}</ref>

 

==References==